THERE are many different Londons, and they appeal to people with many different passions: museum lovers, theatergoers, opera buffs (爱好者,迷;热心人), devotees of royalty, students of history, people who like to walk in the rain. But richest of all, perhaps, is the London for book lovers.
Because the city is the star and the backdrop of so much great literature, it is possible to believe you know it very well — how it looks, how it feels — without ever leaving your home country, or indeed your home. But it is better to visit, if only for the joy of seeing the landscape of your imagination come to life. How breathtaking to happen upon Pudding Lane, where a bakery accident led to the Great Fire of 1666, after reading Pepys’s account in his diaries. Or to wander along Baker Street, where Sherlock Holmes once fictionally solved the unsolvable. Walk across London Bridge and gaze down, toward Southwark Bridge: this is the stretch of the Thames where Dickens’s sinister characters dredged up corpses in “Our Mutual Friend.”
The city is not so foggy as it was in 1952, when Margery Allingham published “The Tiger in the Smoke,” or as socially stratified as it when Marianne Dashwood waited in “Sense and Sensibility” for a suitor who never called; or as greedy as it was in the thrusting 1980s of Martin Amis’s “Money.” But it is all of those Londons, an accrual of different descriptions and eras. It is a city made for description — reread the first passages of “Bleak House,” also on the subject of fog, for a moody introduction — and one that so respects its authors that it buried a number of the best ones in style, in Westminster Abbey.
There are plenty of organized literary-themed tours around the city, easily found on the Internet. Or you can wander characteristically on your own, which is more fun. If you take the Tube or the bus, make sure to carry a book.
6. What can we infer from the first paragraph?
A. Most people of London like visiting museums.
B. No Londoners go to cinemas to see the films.
C. A majority of Londoners are book lovers.
D. All the Londoners like to walk in the rain.
7. What information can you get from Pepy’s diaries?
A. Great Fire of 1666 caused by an accident in a bakery.
B. Sherlock Holmes once lived in Baker Street.
C. London Bridge is next to Baker Street.
D. “Our Mutual Friend” is one of Dickens’s works.
8. Who is Sherlock Holmes?
A. A book lover. B. A character of Dickens’s novel: “Our Mutual Friend”.
C. A detective. D. A person who set the Great Fire of 1666.
9. In which book can’t you find the description about the fog in London?
A. “The Tiger in the Smoke” B. “Sense and Sensibility”
C. “Money” D. “Our Mutual Friend”
10. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Most kinds of tours around London may be found on the Internet.
B. You must be shown around London by a guide.
C. There are many kinds of literary-themed activities including tours.
D. You’d better take a book when you travel in London.
It was the summer of 1965. Deluca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked Deluca about his plan for the future. “I'm going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” Deluca recalls saying. “Buck said, ‘you should open a sandwich shop.’”
That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1,000. Deluca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldn't cover their startup costs, Buck kicked in another $1,000.
But business didn't go smoothly as they expected. Deluca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didn't know how badly, because we didn't have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs.
Deluca was managing the store and to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They'd meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful; we are opening a second store.’” And they did—in the spring of 1966. Still, it was a lot of learning by trial and error.
But the partners' learnasyougo approach turned out to be their greatest strength. Every Friday, Deluca would drive around and handdeliver the checks to pay their supplies. “It probably took me two and a half hours and it wasn't necessary but as a result, the suppliers got to know me very well, and the personal relationships established really helped out,” Deluca says.
And having a goal was also important. “There are so many problems that can get you down. You just have to keep working toward your goal,” Deluca adds.
Deluca ended up founding Subways Sandwich, the multimilliondollar restaurant chain. Deluca opened the first sandwich shop in order to ________.
A.support his family |
B.do some research |
C.help his partner expand business |
D.pay for his college education |
Which of the following is true of Buck?
A.He put money into the sandwich business. |
B.He was a professor of business administration. |
C.He was studying at the University of Bridgeport. |
D.He rented a storefront for Deluca. |
What can we learn about their first shop?
A.It stood at an unfavorable place. |
B.It lowered the prices to poor management. |
C.It made no profits due to poor management. |
D.It lacked control over the quality of sandwich. |
They decided to open a second store because they ________.
A.had enough money to do it |
B.had succeeded in their business |
C.wished to meet the increasing demand of customers |
D.wanted to make believe that they were successful |
What contributes most to their success according to the author?
A.Learning by trial and error. |
B.Making friends with supplies. |
C.Finding a good partner. |
D.Opening chain stores. |
Boys need friends, suffer when they don't believe they have any, and worry over the ups and downs of relationships. Many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do, in truth, though, no boy is an island; boys value their friends throughout childhood and adolescence and are happier and healthier when they have solid relationships with peers(同龄人).
Despite the common belief that girls are better at relationships, most boys consider their friends a very important part of their lives, and boys may actually be better at keeping friendships than girls are. A recent study of 10 to 15yearold boys and girls found that girls' friendships are actually more fragile. Girls tend to say and do hurtful things to each other more frequently than boys, and girls are more hurt by the end of a friendship.
Boys are the living definition of the phrase “peer group”; they love games with rules, competition, and doing things together. Boys seem to enjoy, even need the opportunity to test themselves against others, and many lasting friendships begin in karate(空手道) class or on the basketball court. Competence and skill are widely respected; being picked last for a team or left out altogether is an experience that can haunt(萦绕心头) a boy for years.
As boys mature(成熟), the friendship becomes even more important, and it frequently widens to include girls. During the teen years, friends can become the most important part of a boy's life—and a part in which his parents are not included. The confusion of being a teenager leads boys to form close bonds(关系) with friends. There is the sense for many boys that a friend is someone who is “always there for me”, someone he can trust. They may be partners in crime or partners in study, but the friendship of adolescent boys can run surprisingly deep.The common belief of adults is that boys________.
A.don't care about others as much as girls |
B.don't value friendship as much as girls |
C.have the same friendship as girls |
D.have healthier friendship than girls |
According to the text, boys' friendship________.
A.is usually built around active play |
B.tends to be in small groups |
C.can bear mutual hurt between friends |
D.doesn't suffer from failure |
The author mentions the study in the second paragraph to prove ________.
A.many people believe girls are better at relationships |
B.most boys consider their friends very important |
C.boys may be better at keeping friendships than girls |
D.boys may be more active in a friendship |
As a boy gets older, he tends to________.
A.widen his circle of friends to include different kinds of people |
B.shift his focus from his friends to himself |
C.leave his parents out of his friendship |
D.be confused about what a friendship is |
What's the best title for the text?
A.Friendships between Boys and Girls |
B.Boys and Their Friendship |
C.Childhood and Adolescent Friendship |
D.Tips on Making Friends with Boys |
Today, people all over the world are moving out of small villages in the country to go and live in big, noisy cities. They are moving from the peaceful hills, mountains, fields, rivers and streams of the countryside to the busy world of streets, buildings, traffic and crowds. This movement from rural areas to urban areas has been going on for over two hundred years.
In many countries, the main reason people come to live in towns and cities is work. After one or two large factories have been built in or near a town, people come to find work, and soon an industrial area begins to grow. There is usually a residential area nearby, too. The families of these workers need schools, hospitals and shops, so many people come to live in the area to provide these services and a city grows.
In every major city in the world, there is a business district where the big companies have their main offices. In the United States, this area is usually in the city center downtown. It is here that you can see many huge skyscrapers and office blocks. The people who work here often travel a long way to work each day. Many of them live in the suburbs of the city, far away from the industrial area and the city center. Some suburbs are very pleasant, with nice houses and big gardens. There are usually parks for children to play in and large department stores where you can buy all you need.
But what is the future of the big cities? Will they continue to get bigger and bigger? Perhaps not. Some major cities have actually become smaller in the last ten years, and it is quite possible that one day we will see people moving out of the major cities and back into smaller towns and villages.The underlined phrase “a residential area” means an area________.
A.where people can buy things |
B.which is suitable for living in |
C.where people can do business |
D.which is near a city center |
Why do people move to live in cities or towns?
A.Because they like noisy life better than peaceful life. |
B.Because they can live more comfortably there. |
C.Because they mainly want to find work there. |
D.Because they are sure of having a better life there. |
Which of the following statement is NOT true about the business district?
A.Big companies usually have their main offices in the business district. |
B.A business district usually lies in the city center downtown. |
C.People usually work and live in the business district. |
D.Nearly every major city has its own business district. |
In the United States, many people work in the center of a big city________.
A.and live there |
B.but live in the suburbs of the city |
C.and live in another city |
D.but live in rural areas |
We can infer that this movement from rural to urban areas ________.
A.has been going on for more than 2,000 years |
B.will surely continue in the future |
C.may not continue in the future |
D.has now stopped already |
BEIJING — China’s education authority will tighten the widely criticized policy of “extra credits” for the national college entrance examination to ensure a fairer chance for all exam-takers.
Under the policy, high school students who win awards in national Olympic competitions could get ‘‘extra credits’ up to 20 points for the national college entrance exam. Students with talent in sports and students who are from ethnic groups can also benefit from this policy. The extra credits have increased these students’ chances of being admitted by famous universities. Some parents were found to have helped their children fabricate(伪造)award experiences or falsify qualifications to get extra credits.
“It has harmed education equality,” the ministry said.
Xiong Bingqi, vice-chief of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, said the policy is designed to help students who have special talents but may be weak in academic performance to have a chance to receive higher education. uIt will still be needed but it is time to make the rules fairer," he said.
The ministry said it will reduce the range of competitions whose winners can get extra credits, and limit the winners, privileges(优先权).
The new policy will apply to students who begin high school in 2011, it said.
Chen Lei, a mother of a 10-year-old girl, said she welcomed the ministry's policy adjustment as she does not want her daughter to become an Olympic competition geek.
But not all the Chinese parents welcomed the new policy. “It is like a thunderbolt for me. My - 13-year-old son has spent so much time studying Olympic math,and participated in so many technological competitions during vacations. It is useless now,” said Dong Wen, a 43-year-old mother.
A student said, “Many students have changed the current study plan, and they can abandon the competition. I will be interested in learning the courses which can improve my abilities.”
Yuan Guiren, minister of education, told China Daily that the reform is an attempt to consider the overall quality of an applicant. “But the country will not stop the national college entrance examination as it is still the most objective way to evaluate talent in China,” lie said.It can be inferred from the passage that_____.
A.high school students with talent in sports are weak in academic performance |
B.students who win awards in Olympic competitions can’t get extra credits in 2011 |
C.the number of competitions whose winners can get extra credits will be smaller |
D.the extra credits have reduced students' chances of being admitted by famous colleges |
What does the underlined word “geek” probably mean?
A.a winner | B.a smart learner | C.a competitor | D.a dull student |
Which person in the passage was strongly against the new policy?
A.Xiong Bingqi | B.Chen Lei | C.Dong Wen | D.Yuan Guiren |
What might be the best title for the text?
A.“Extra credits policy in China to be adjusted |
B.Promotion of national Olympic competitions |
C.Advice on the national college entrance exam |
D.Chinese government to push education reform |
The koala(考拉) is possibly one of the best known Australian animals, and is found in four states: Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. The word “koala” comes from an Australian aboriginal word meaning “no drink”.
Sometimes people call them “koala bears” but koala is not a bear. It belongs to a special group of Australian mammals, called marsupial(有袋类). Female marsupials have a pouch where the baby animals live after they are born.
Koalas have soft, thick, grey or brown fur on their backs. The fur on the stomach is white. Koala that live in the south have thicker fur than those in the north because of the cold winters, whereas the koalas in the northern part of the country live in warm to hot weather most of the year so have thinner fur. A koala has a large hairless nose and round ears. Koalas don’t have tails. Adult koalas measure between 7 and 14 kilograms.
Koalas spend nearly all their time in the trees using their sharp, curved claws and long toes to climb about and to hold on to the tree branches. They sleep most of the day, and feed and move from tree to tree mainly at night.
The reason koala sleep for much of the day is because their food eucalyptus(桉树) leaves are very tough so they use a lot of energy to digest. Sleeping saves energy. Eucalyptus leaves are poisonous to almost every other animal. Koalas rarely drink water; they get water from the leaves they eat.
Each koala has a home range made up of several trees that they visit regularly. They normally do not visit another koala’s home trees except that a male is looking for a female to mate with.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the name “koala bear”?
A.The name was given by the native in Australia |
B.The word “koala” is an original English word |
C.The name describes one of its living habits |
D.The name is partly false |
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “punch”?
A.House | B.Cave | C.Pocket | D.Nest |
Why do the koalas live in the south have thicker fur than those in the north?
A.The thicker fur can protect them from the colder weather |
B.It’s always hot in summer in the north |
C.It’s always cold in the winter in the south |
D.They have to move to the north in the winter |
Why do koalas sleep much in the day?
A.Their foods are poisonous |
B.They want to save energy for the activities at night |
C.They can’t get enough energy from their tough foods |
D.They can’t get enough water from their leaves |