Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir（回忆录）of Ralph W. Tyler who is one of the most famous men in American education.
Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.
Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.
Tyler became well-known nationality in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.
Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent spirit in their work.
Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives(目标) that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.
6. Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?
A. Top managers. B. Language learners.
C. Serious educators. D. Science organizations.
7. The words “hooked oh teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean ________.
A. attracted to teaching B. tired of teaching
C. satisfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching
8. Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years?
A. The University of Chicago. B. Stanford University.
C. Ohio State University. D. Nebraska University.
9. Tyler is said to have never actually retired because ________.
A. he developed a new method of testing
B. he called for free spirit in research
C. he was still active in giving advice
D. he still led the Eight-Year Study
10. What cannot we learn about Ralph W. Tyler in this article?
A. When and where he was born.
B. Where he studied and worked.
C. His devotion to American education.
D. His life with his family.
In 1752, three years after two Scotsmen, Alexander Wilson and Thomas Melville, fastened thermometers to kites to record the temperature of clouds, Benjamin Franklin made his famous experiment with a kite, a string, and a key. Franklin hoped to show that nature's tremendous displays of electricity in lightning were the same thing as the feeble electric sparks scientists of the day were producing in their laboratories. He built a square kite to which he attached an iron wire. He flew the kite with a hemp string(麻线), and near the base of the string he tied a large brass key. The kite rose into a dark thundercloud, where the iron wire picked up electrical charges. Franklin noticed that the strands of the string(绳串) were beginning to stand up with electricity. As rain wet the string, it conducted more electricity. Standing in the shelter of a shed, Franklin cautiously reached out his finger to touch the brass key. A series of sparks jumped from the key to his finger. He thus proved that lightning and electricity are the same. We now know that this experiment was a dangerous one, for Franklin might have been killed by a bolt of lighting.The best title for this passage is ________.
| A．The Discover of Electricity |
| B．The kite and Science |
| C．Franklin, a Great Scientist |
| D．Franklin's Experiment with Lightning |
According to the passage, Benjamin Franklin ________.
| A．recorded the temperature of clouds |
| B．was killed by a bolt of lightning |
| C．proved that lightning and electricity have the same essential nature |
| D．proved that lightning can be controlled by man |
Two Scotsmen experimented with kites in ________.
| A．1752 | B．1746 |
| C．1749 | D．1755 |
Franklin did not use a ________.
| A．string | B．wire |
| C．thermometer | D．key |
The fact that Franklin was not injured was apparently due to ________.
| A．wisdom | B．luck |
| C．the materials | D．the shed's protection |
When he took office, George W. Bush, son of former president George Herbert Walker Bush, became the first son to follow his father into the White House since John Quiney Adams followed John Adams in the early 19th century.
Bush was born on July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut, the first child of George Herbert Walker Bush and Barbara Pierce Bush. Although George Herbert Walker Bush began his career in the oil industry, he finally served as a congressman(国会议员), and vice(副) president and president of the United States.
At the age of two, Bush moved with his parents from Connecticut to Odessa, Texas, where his father took up the oil business. After a year in Texas, the family moved to California for business reasons. A year later, the family returned to Texas and settled in Midland, where Bush lived from 1950 to 1959.
In 1959, again for business reasons, the family moved to Houston, Texas. In 1961 Bush left Texas and went to Andover, Massachusetts, to attend Phillips Academy, aboarding school(寄宿学校) that his father had also attended.
At Phillips, Bush played basketball, baseball, and football. He was best known for being head cheerleader. In 1964 he enrolled at Yale University in Connecticut.His father and grandfather had also attended Yale. At Yale, Bush was considered an average student, but he was popular with his classmates.
Bush graduated from Yale with a bachelor’s degree in history in 1968. Then he joined the Air National Guard and remained in the Guard until 1973. After earning his MBA from Harvard in 1975, Bush returned to Midland. Like his father, he first entered the oil industry as a “landsman(新手)”. However, Bush’s oil companies never enjoyed great success. He took more interest in politics. He helped his father to become president and in 1994 he himself was elected governor of Texas.
In the summer of 1999, Bush began to run for the president of the USA and on January 20, 2001, George W. Bush, hand raised, took the oath(宣誓) of office to become the 43rd president of the US.What does the writer intend to tell us in the first paragraph?
| A．George W. Bush is the first son in American history to follow his father into the White House. |
| B．George W. Bush is the first son of former president George Herbert Walker Bush. |
| C．George W. Bush is the second one in American history to follow his father into the White House. |
| D．John Quincy Adams and his father were both former American presidents. |
We may learn from the text that young Bush ______.
| A．got on very well at the universities |
| B．was very good at basketball, baseball and football |
| C．was a very successful politician like his father |
| D．did everything as his father had done |
Which of the following is NOT true about George W. Bush?
| A．He once studied at a university that his father and grandfather had also attended. |
| B．Young Bush lived with his family in Texas from 1948 to 1961. |
| C．He once ruled over an American state before he entered the White House. |
| D．He once served at the Air National Guard for about five years. |
Geena David knew she wanted to be a movie star when she was very young. She was not sure what gave her the idea, but she wanted to look like a movie star. “I have a lot of pictures from my childhood of me wearing sunglasses,” she says. “I used to wear them to watch TV.”
Early movie actors started wearing sunglasses not because they looked good, but because their eyes hurt. The lights used on movie sets were extremely bright and could cause a painful problem known as “Klieg eyes”. It was named after the Klieg brothers who invented the lights. Actors wore sunglasses to give their eyes a rest. But when movie stars began wearing their sunglasses in public, they quickly became a must.
Eventually actors started wearing sunglasses in their movies as well as on the street. Audrey Hephburn wore ultra-cool Ray-Ban sunglasses in the 1961 movie, Breakfast at Tiffany’s. As a result, Ray-Ban sunglasses started to appear more and more in the movies. In 1979, Ray-Ban “Wayfarers” were worn by Jake and Elwood in The Blue Brothers. Tom Cruise wore Ray-Ban “Aviator” sunglasses in the 1986 hit, Top Gun. Then in 1997, Will Smith and Tommy Lee Jones made Ray-Ban “Predator” sunglasses famous in Men in Black.
Of course sunglasses aren’t just a fashion statement. The main reason to wear sunglasses is to protect our eyes against UV radiation. UV radiation can damage our eyes, so people now choose their sunglasses carefully. But you don’t have to give up style for safety. The choice of frames and lenses available these days is huge. So you can protect your eyes and still be the coolest person on the beach.What is mainly discussed in this passage?
| A．The use of sunglasses. |
| B．The history of sunglasses. |
| C．Why movie stars like to wear sunglasses. |
| D．The sunglasses wearing. |
Why did Geena David like to wear sunglasses?
| A．She wanted to follow a movie star. |
| B．She was a movie star. |
| C．Wearing sunglasses was good to her eyes. |
| D．It was good to wear sunglasses when watching TV. |
Early actors’ eyes hurt because ______.
| A．they wore sunglasses |
| B．they went out in the sun too much |
| C．their scripts were written in very small writing |
| D．the lights on movie sets were too bright |
We may know from this passage that ______.
| A．Ray-Ban is the name of sunglasses maker |
| B．Audrey Hephburn was a famous film star |
| C．Sunglasses made Top Gun the hit in 1986 |
| D．Men in Black must be an advertisement of sunglasses |
Now people wear sunglasses ______.
| A．for fashion and to protect their eyes |
| B．just to protect their eyes |
| C．because of bright lights |
| D．because movie stars wear them |
Welcome to Franklin Hotel. To make you stay as enjoyable as possible, we hope you will use our facilities(设施) to the full.
Dining Room: Breakfast is served in the dining room from 8 to 9:30 a.m. Also the room staff(服务员) may bring breakfast to your room at any time after 7 a.m. If this happens, please fill out a card and hang outside your door when you go to bed. Lunch is from 12 to 2:30 p. m. Dinner is from 7:30 to 9 p. m.
Room Service: This operates 24 hours a day; phone the Reception desk(总台), and your message will be passed on to the staff.
Telephones: To make a phone call, dial(拨) 0 for Reception and ask to be connected. We apologized for delays(拖延) if the lines are very busy. There are also public telephones near the Reception desk. Tell Reception if early calls are needed.
Shop: The hotel shop is open for presents, gifts and goods from 9 a. m. to 5:30 p. m.
Laundry : We have a laundry in the building, and will wash, iron(烫) and return your clothes within 24 hours, ask the room staff to collect them.
Bar(酒吧): The hotel bar is open from 12 to 2 p. m. and 7 p. m. to 1 a. m.
Banking : The Reception staff will cash cheques and exchange(兑换) any foreign money for you.You would see this notice.
| A．in a hotel bar |
| B．in a hotel dining room |
| C．in a bedroom of a large international hotel |
| D．at the entrance of a small family hotel |
You have arrived at the hotel at 2 a. m. and want a quick meal. What should you do?
| A．Go to the hotel shop. |
| B．Go to the hotel bar. |
| C．Hang a message outside your door. |
| D．Phone the Reception desk. |
Your phone is powered off and the Reception desk is busy. The quickest way to make an urgent(紧急的) call is to.
| A．go to your room and phone from there. |
| B．use one of the phones in the entrance hall |
| C．ask the Reception desk to help you |
| D．go out and look for a public phone box |
The underlined word “laundry” (in Paragraph 6) probably means ________.
| A．phone box | B．shopping centre |
| C．clothes shop | D．washhouse |
The text tells us that .
| A．the hotel offers at least seven kinds of services |
| B．it's too difficult to stay up in this hotel |
| C．you can shop at any time inside the hotel |
| D．you'll have trouble without the money of the country where the hotel lies |
More than anything else in the world, Lion liked being King of the jungle(丛林). He walked around, showing off his power and pride.
Each day Lion took a long lazy sleep under the shade of his favourite tree. He always dreamed of weaker animals bowing(鞠躬) before him.
One day Mouse ran through the jungle and tripped over Lion’s huge paws. Lion woke up with a start. “How dare you wake me up!” he shouted angrily. Lion grabbed(抓住) Mouse with one paw. “On the second thought, I’m in the mood for the snack, and you’ll make a delicious meal.”, he said.
Mouse cried out, “King Lion, please spare(饶恕) me! If you let me live, I’ll always remember your kindness. And, some day, I might be able to help you.”
“How could such a powerless little mouse ever help me?” That thought made Lion laugh so much that he decided to let Mouse go. A week later, Lion was walking through the jungle on the way to his favourite tree when he stepped onto a hunter’s net. The net scooped him up. No matter how he twisted and turned, he couldn’t escape.
When Mouse heard Lion’s frightened shouts, he raced to help. Mouse quickly chewed(咬) through the ropes to make a hole in the net. Soon, Lion moved out and was free. Lion looked down at the little mouse. “Thank you for saving my life,” said Lion, smiling his widest smile. “I was mistaken. You are not a powerless little mouse. You are a great friend!”What did Lion do each day?
| A．He stepped onto a hunter’s net. |
| B．He bowed before weaker animals. |
| C．He showed kindness to animals in the jungle. |
| D．He had a good sleep under his favourite tree. |
How did Mouse wake up Lion?
| A．He made a hole in the net. |
| B．He shouted at Lion angrily. |
| C．He tripped over Lion’s paws. |
| D．He prepared a delicious meal for Lion. |
Why did Lion let Mouse go?
| A．Because he was trapped in the net. |
| B．Because he took Mouse as his good friend. |
| C．Because he believed Mouse could save him. |
| D．Because he doubted(怀疑) if Mouse could be of any help. |
What do you think of Mouse?
| A．Clever and honest(诚实的). |
| B．Silly (傻的) and lazy. |
| C．Humorous and stubborn(倔强的). |
| D．Proud and selfish.(自私的) |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Pride makes you lose what you have. |
| B．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. |
| C．Even the small can show great strength. |
| D．When the cat’s away, the mice will play. |