Geologists have been studying volcanoes for a long time.Though they have learned a great deal,they still have not discovered the cause of volcanic action.They know that the inside of the earth is very hot,but they are not sure exactly what causes the great heat.Some geologists have thought that the heat is caused by the great pressure of the earth’s outer layers.Or the heat may be left from the time when the earth was formed.During the last sixty years scientists have learned about radium,uranium,thorium,and other radioactive elements.Many scientists now believe that much of the heat inside the earth is produced by radioactive elements.
Whatever the cause of the heat may be,we do know that the earth gets hotter the farther down we dig.In deep mines and oil wells the temperatures rise about 1°F for every 50 feet.At this rate of the temperature 40 miles below the earth’s surface should be over 4 000°.This is much hotter than necessary to melt rock.However,the pressure of the rock above keeps most materials from melting at their usual melting points.Geologists believe that the rock deep in the earth may be plastic,or puttylike（油灰状的）.In other words,the rock yields slowly to pressure but is not liquid.But if some change in the earth’s crust releases the pressure,the rock melts.Then the hot,liquid rock can move up toward the surface.The cause for the great heat inside of the earth is______.
| A．great pressure of the earth’s outer layers |
| B．the heat left from the time when the earth was formed |
| C．radioactive elements giving out heat |
| D．not sure |
According to the passage,______ prevents most rock from melting at its usual melting points.
| A．the pressure of the rock itself |
| B．the pressure of the rock above |
| C．the pressure of the earth’s outer layers |
| D．the heat given out by some radioactive elements |
According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true?
| A．The farther down,the hotter the earth gets. |
| B．The rock deep in the earth is liquid. |
| C．When the pressure releases from the earth’s crust,the rock melts. |
| D．Rock would be melted at 4 000°. |
Dear All，
Happy New Year! A list of important dates for this term is attached to this letter．
Interviews for our April and September Primary One classes will take place on Tuesday and Wednesday，18th&19th January．Now is the time to apply for admission to Peak School．
Children are expected to weal their uniforms this term．As is usual at this time of the year，mornings at the school are quite cold and l would suggest children wear their sweaters to school．As the temperature goes up during the day，children
tend to take off their outer clothes，so it is important that all sweatshirts are labeled(贴有标签)．
I have received a few requests from parents asking if their children can wear summer uniforms this term．I am of the view that all children in the school should follow the school policy and be dressed in the appropriate uniforms．In the longer term，a number of US at school have questioned the need to have a winter and summer uniform．Perhaps．with careful consideration，we can develop a uniform that will serve children for the whole academic year．
As the foggy(多雾)mornings start to appear，a number of parents have raised concerns over the safety of those children who walk to school． Our dark green uniforms are not particularly visible to motorists．Hopefully, the “Uniform Committee” to be set up this term will deal with this particular issue．I will keep parents informed of the channels through which views may be expressed in future newsletters．
We still have a “No Hat，No Play” rule on the playground，so children need to ensure that they have their sunhats in school at all times．
Yours sincerely，
P D Tunesi
PrincipalThe letter was most probably written．
| A．when the school year ended |
| B．before the new term started |
| C．after kids were admitted to school |
| D．after kids were interviewed |
This letter was mainly written to．
| A．teachers | B．visitors | C．students | D．parents |
What do we know about the present school uniforms?
| A．The school has solved the problems． |
B．They are invisible to motorist s on foggy days． |
| C．The school is considering changing them． |
| D．There is a winter and summer school uniform． |
We can infer from the text that．
| A．the school has strict rules on uniforms |
| B．kids can’t have classes without wearing hats |
| C．parents are satisfied with the uniforms |
| D．most kids walk to school on foggy mornings |
Windsurfing is a sport that combines sailing and surfing．In 1948，twenty-year-old Newman Darby first 
thought of using a handheld sail to contro1 a small boat．Darby did not apply for a patent(专利)for his design at first．However，he is recognized as the inventor of the first sailboard．
Californians Jim Drake，a sailor and engineer，and Hoyle Schweitzer，a surfer and skier received the patent for a sailboard．They called their design a windsurfer．The early windsurfer boards measured 3．5 meters long and weighed 60 pounds．Later in the l980s，Newman Darby did apply for and receive a design patent for a one—person sailboat．
In the late l940s，Newman Darby found he could control a 3-meter-long sailboat and make turns even without a rudder(舵)．In l964 he designed the first universal joint(万向接头)to go along with a flat bottom sailing boat．This sailboard was equipped with a universal joint，a board and a kite—shaped free sail and thus windsurfing was born．
Naomi Darby，Newman’s wife，was the first woman windsurfer and helped her husband build and design the first sailboard．She sailed while standing up，controlling the boat without the use of a rudder．She tilted(倾斜)the sail to change directions．This was something that had never been done before．
Hoyle Schweitzer began producing sailboards in the early 1970s．The sport became very popular in Europe．By the late 1970s，windsurfing fever had Europe firmly in its grasp with one in every three families having a sailboard．
The first windsurfing world championship was held in 1973．Windsurfing first became an Olympic sport for men in l984 and for women in l992．Jim Drake and Hoyle Schweitzer received the patent for the design of．
| A．a sailboard called windsurfer | B．a kite—shaped free sail |
C．the first universal jo int |
D．a one—person sailboat |
What can we learn from the text?
| A．Hoyle Schweitzer was a sailor and Jim Drake was a surfer． |
| B．Newman Darby’s wife supported him in his invention． |
| C．Newman Darby was the first to tilt the sail to change directions． |
| D．The first world windsurfing competition was held in the late l970s． |
Which is the correct order of the following events?
a．Newman Darby thought of controlling a boat with a handheld sail．
b．Newman Darby received his design patent．
c．Windsurfing became popular in Europe．
d．Windsurfing became an Olympic sport for women．
| A．acbd | B．abcd | C．acdb | D．bacd |
What is the main idea of the text?
| A．The invention of windsurfing． | B．How windsurfing was popular in the world． |
| C．The history of windsurfing． | D．How windsurfing became an Olympic sport． |
Ten years ago，Morgan Zuch，a two—year—old girl from Long Island，New York，was diagnosed with leukemia(白血病)．The day that Morgan’s father Rod knew it，he made a promise，“If my daughter gets better，I will devote the rest of my life to helping others who are in the Same condition．”
Fortunately．Morgan recovered gra
dually，and since then，Rod and his wife Nancy，have been helping other families with cancer．stricken children through the Morgan Center．It is the country’s first preschool for children with cancer．
Because of the risk of germs, children with cancer are usually forbidden from playing with other kids．They must spend their days in hospital rooms or lying in bed at home．The Zuchs believed that children with cancer should have the opportunity to play，too．
The center offers the kids and their families a safe place to connect with others who have the same problem．To reduce the risk of infections，the center's staff wash their own and the children's hands frequently，and provide each child with his or her own toys and supplies．
“You feel like you’re not the sick kid’s mom，”said one child’s mother，Maura Lewinger．“It is nice because none of the parents at the center are alienated(孤立的)．”
The Zuchs run the center as a non-profit organization and any family can bring their children to the center for free．Nancy Zuch works as the head teacher-with a little help from her daughter Morgan, now l2 years old．Today，Morgan is strong and healthy，and loves to provide support for the children who are going through the difficult time that she once went through．She says she wants to be a teacher at the Morgan Center when she grows up.The Zuchs created the Morgan Center．
| A．to help their daughter to realize her dream |
| B．to invite other children to play with their daughter |
| C．to build a school for their daughter and her friends |
| D．to provide a healthy place for children with cancer |
What can we learn from the text?
| A．The kids can share all their toys there． |
| B．The kids can receive free medical care． |
| C．The kids have to keep their hands clean． |
| D．The kids’ parents must pay for the supplies． |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．Morgan has regained her health． |
| B．The Center is run by the government． |
| C．Morgan helps in the Center sometimes． |
| D．Both kids and parents like the Center． |
This text is mainly about．
| A．Long Island’s first preschool for kids with cancer |
| B．the pain that the kids in the Morgan Center suffer |
| C．the contributions Morgan has made to the Center |
| D．the Zuchs，the creators of the Morgan Center |
When you are curious about something, and want to know more about it, you can use the way of asking questions. Asking questio
ns i
s the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers. The steps below can guide you during the research.
you want to learn? By asking questions. On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them:
s can help you research your subject more widely.
| A．①④③② | B．②③①④ | C．③②④① | D．④③①② |
What does the underli
ned sentence “Armed with your list of questions” mean?
| A．Putting your list of questions under your arm. |
| B．Discussing your questions with your classmates. |
| C．Writing down your list of questions. |
| D．Taking your list of questions with you. |
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
| A．You can find all the answers online. |
| B．Learn more, and you’ll have no questions. |
| C．During the research, you may keep finding new questions. |
| D．Asking questions is the only way for research. |
. The best title for this passage is.
| A．Discovering Dinosaurs | B．Asking Good Questions |
| C．Finding Subjects | D．Having Interesting Answers |
Buster Brown was a thief-and a good one，too，he thought . He’d never been caught by the police because he never took chances． He was always prepared for any unforeseen event or emergency.
Confidently，he stood outside the house of his intended victim(受害者)and read the sign on the front gate of the house．“Don't worry about the dog—be aware of the owner!”it said．Buster smiled and found his way in．
The house looked quite normal outside，but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display．As he began putting them into his bag，a dog came into the room．It stopped when it saw Buster，then wagged its tail madly and went over to him，licking his outstretched hand．
"Good boy，”Buster whispered． “What a great guard dog you are—trying to lick me to death.”
Satisfied he'd made friends with the dog，Bluster began to wander round the house，choosing items to put in his bag．His
skilled eye picked out only the best antiques(古董)：a pair of silver candleholders，a silver tea-and-coffee service，etc．．His new friend，the dog，sat and watched，as if wondering what was happening．
“Well，boy，”Buster whispered，finally．“That might do．Any more and I won't be able to carry it!”He swung the heavy bag onto his shoulders, just as the lights came on, nearly blinding him. He shielded his eyes with his hand.
"You're a very silly person," the figure(身影) in the doorway said. As the man came closer, Buster could see he was well dressed. His face seemed familiar, but Buster couldn't quite be sure of the place where he had seen him before.
"You should have taken more notice of the sign outside," the man rasped. "I knew about this attempted robbery last week and I also know you will end up behind bars for 20 years. Fancy trying to rob the house of the world's greatest fortune-teller(算命先生)!" Why was Buster so confident?
| A．He was not afraid of dogs. | B．He knew the own er of the house lived alone |
| C．He had never been caught by the police. | D．The house had no security alarm. |
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "exotic" in the third paragraph?
| A．Messy and untidy. | B．Rich and expensive. |
C．Comfortable and calming. |
D．Foreign and unusual. |
How did Buster decide which objects to take?
| A．He took those that were easy to carry in his bag. |
| B．He took only the best antiques. |
| C．He took those that he knew he could sell easily. |
| D．He looked for silver objects. |
What punishment waits for Buster Brown?
| A．A prison sentence with hard labour. | B．A long prison sentence. |
| C．A heavy fine. | D．Community service for 20 years. |