Condoleezza Rice is used to standing out. It is not only because she holds the position as U.S. Secretary of State. Her youth, gender and skin color have 36 a lot of attention throughout her political career.
Condoleezza Rice, 37 as Condi to her close friends, was born in 1954 in Birmingham. During 1950s,blacks were not treated as 38 citizens in the south. Although slavery was 39 in 1865,the southern states passed their own laws to continue the 40 of blacks and whites. Despite the discrimination 41 black people, her parents told her she could become 42 she wanted. They taught her to believe that great things were 43 for her.
Rice was a gifted student with a 44 for the piano and she entered college at the age of 15 with the 45 of becoming a concert pianist. Along the way she was 46 by political scientist Josef Korbel, the father of former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright.Rice 47 her plans and studied international politics, and in the 1980s she was teaching at Stanford University, 48 her career developed quickly. She 49 on George H. Bush's national security council(顾问) in 1989.Later she 50 to Stanford, and became its youngest, first female and first 51 provost after two years.
In 2001,Rice re-entered the political world, 52 George W. Bush's national security advisor. She has drawn international 53 in this position, and has been the most powerful national security advisors in American 54 .
She held this position until 2005,when 55 Secretary of State.
36.A. directed B. turned C. paid D. attracted
37.A. known B. Considered C. Seen D. accepted
38.A. respectful B. equal C. different D. noble
39.A. finished B. Stopped C. Prevented D. ended
40.A. difference B. disagreement C. separation D. division
41.A. against B. to C. with D. towards
42.A. whoever B. whomever C. whatever D. whichever
43.A. desiring B. waiting C. preparing D. longing
44.A. talent B. interest C. hobby D. favourite
45.A. purpose B. goal C. intention D. attention
46.A. effected B. affected C. impressed D. influenced
47.A. changed B. postponed C. cancelled D. exchanged
48.A. which B. where C. when D. that
49.A. acted B. waited C. served D. called
50.A. paid a visit B. showed concern C. attended D. returned
51.A. black B. white C. capable D. efficient
52.A. turning B. holding C. becoming D. taking
53.A. praise B. approval C. criticism D. attention
54.A. politics B. history C. culture D. government
55.A. elected B. invited C. appointed D. succeeded
When 17﹣year﹣old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates.(1) , they stick to G﹣rated activities such as rock﹣climbing or talking about books.
They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into (2) . The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous (急剧的)(3) in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.
To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the (4) have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had sex fell from 54 percent in 1991 to 41 percent in 2015, according to Centers for Disease Control statistics. "People say,'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring,' but they're (5) the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time﹣lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less (6) in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society, they no longer need to.
According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her (7) , exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource﹣rich and secure environment has the (8) effect, the study said. In the first (9) , "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more (10) and fewer resources," said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of "iGen: Why Today's Super﹣Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy﹣and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."
In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more (11) about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for "establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said. But America is shifting more toward the (12) model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. "Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education…families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully (13) has really sunk in." The (14) of "adult activities" could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smart phones and the Internet be entirely the (15) , the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.
(1)A. Therefore |
B. Rather |
C. Moreover |
D. Besides |
(2)A. childhood |
B.neighborhood |
C. adolescents |
D. adulthood |
(3)A. escapes |
B. ends |
C. decreases |
D. changes |
(4)A. minorities |
B. majorities |
C. masses |
D. amounts |
(5)A. taking |
B. avoiding |
C. sending |
D. missing |
(6)A. interested |
B. envied |
C. relieved |
D. realized |
(7)A. emotions |
B. surroundings |
C. customs |
D. habits |
(8)A. wrong |
B. same |
C. opposite |
D. similar |
(9)A. event |
B. issue |
C. case |
D. occasion |
(10)A. trouble |
B. questions |
C. benefits |
D. diseases |
(11)A. respectively |
B. delicately |
C. seriously |
D. considerably |
(12)A. slower |
B. better |
C. smaller |
D. faster |
(13)A. emphasized |
B. related |
C. organized |
D. educated |
(14)A. implement |
B. postponement |
C. achievement |
D. payment |
(15)A. cause |
B. impact |
C. fact |
D. result |
Famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to "do what you love." But mastering a skill, even one that you deeply love, (1) a huge amount of dull work. Anyone who want to master a skill must run through the cycle of practice, (2) feedback, modification, and increasing improvement again, again and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take pleasure in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time﹣intensive work to be (3) or boring. Why?
The difference may turn on the ability to enter into a state of "flow," the feeling of being completely (4) in what you are doing. Whether you call it being "in the zone," or something else, a flow state is a special experience. Since Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi developed the (5) of flow in the 1970's, it has been a mainstay of positive﹣psychology research. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has well﹣defined goals and is at a(n) (6) skill level, and where the individual is able to (7) their performance to clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most (8) entered into flow states had an "autotelic personality (自带目的性人格)" a disposition to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills. Autotelic individuals are receptive and open to new challenges. They are also (9) and have low levels of self﹣centeredness. Such people, with their capacity for "disinterested interest" have a great (10) over others in developing their innate abilities.
Fortunately for those of us who aren't (11) blessed with an autotelic personalily, there is evidence that flow states can be (12) by environmental factors. (13) , the learning framework prescribed by Montessori schools seems to encourage flow states.
While there isn't (yet) a pill that can turn mundane practice into a thrilling activity for anyone, it is heartening that we seem, at least to some (14) , to be able to nudge ourselves toward flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open﹣ended time, minimal (15) , and a task set at a moderate level of difficulty, we may be able to love what we're doing while we put in the hard work practicing the things we loving doing.
(1)A. inquires |
B. requires |
C. acquires |
D. gains |
(2)A. preventable |
B. maintainable |
C. sustainable |
D. critical |
(3)A. frustrating |
B. encouraging |
C. concerning |
D. instructing |
(4)A. improved |
B. indicated |
C. involved |
D. inspired |
(5)A. concept |
B. receipt |
C. reception |
D. condition |
(6)A. alternative |
B. appropriate |
C. approximate |
D. sufficient |
(7)A. make |
B. adopt |
C. adapt |
D. adjust |
(8)A. fully |
B. really |
C. readily |
D. accidentally |
(9)A. generous |
B. persistent |
C. courageous |
D. resistant |
(10)A. addict |
B. advance |
C. advantage |
D. admire |
(11)A. necessarily |
B. obviously |
C. gradually |
D. occasionally |
(12)A. forbidden |
B. functioned |
C. fastened |
D. facilitated |
(13)A. In particular |
B. For example |
C. In conclusion |
D.In comparison |
(14)A. intention |
B. degree |
C. purpose |
D. extension |
(15)A. temptation |
B. charming |
C. attractions |
D. distractions |
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person,we usually say " sorry, (1) number!" and move on. But when Dennis Williams(2) a text that clearly wasn't intended for him, he did something (3) .
On March 19, Dennis got a group text (4) him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital, waiting for the(5) of a baby.
"Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken," Dennis (6) . The baby was born and update texts were (7) quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her (8) , she didn't seem to realized that she was (9) the baby′s photos with a complete stranger. "Well, I don't (10) you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby," replied Dennis before asking which room the new (11) were in.
Much to the family's surprise, Dennis stuck to his(12) ! He turned up at the hospital(13) gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey′s husband was totally(14) by the unexpected visit. "I don't think we would have randomly invited him over but we(15) it and the gifts."
Teresa(16) a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website(17) by the touching words:" What a(18) this young man was to our family! He was so(19) and kind to do this. " The post has since gained the (20) of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.
(1)
A. |
unlucky |
B. |
secret |
C. |
new |
D. |
wrong |
(2)
A. |
received |
B. |
translated |
C. |
copied |
D. |
printed |
(3)
A. |
reasonable |
B. |
special |
C. |
necessary |
D. |
practical |
(4)
A. |
convincing |
B. |
reminding |
C. |
informing |
D. |
warning |
(5)
A. |
wake﹣up |
B. |
recovery |
C. |
growth |
D. |
arrival |
(6)
A. |
responded |
B. |
interrupted |
C. |
predicted |
D. |
repeated |
(7)
A. |
coming in |
B. |
setting out |
C. |
passing down |
D. |
moving around |
(8)
A. |
opinion |
B. |
anxiety |
C. |
excitement |
D. |
effort |
(9)
A. |
comparing |
B. |
exchanging |
C. |
discussing |
D. |
sharing |
(10)
A. |
accept |
B. |
know |
C. |
believe |
D. |
bother |
(11)
A. |
parents |
B. |
doctors |
C. |
patients |
D. |
visitors |
(12)
A. |
dream |
B. |
promise |
C. |
agenda |
D. |
principle |
(13)
A. |
bearing |
B. |
collecting |
C. |
opening |
D. |
making |
(14)
A. |
discouraged |
B. |
relaxed |
C. |
astonished |
D. |
defeated |
(15)
A. |
admit |
B. |
need |
C. |
appreciate |
D. |
expect |
(16)
A. |
found |
B. |
selected |
C. |
developed |
D. |
posted |
(17)
A. |
confirmed |
B. |
simplified |
C. |
clarified |
D. |
accompanied |
(18)
A. |
pity |
B. |
blessing |
C. |
relief |
D. |
problem |
(19)
A. |
smart |
B. |
calm |
C. |
sweet |
D. |
fair |
(20)
A. |
sympathy |
B. |
attention |
C. |
control |
D. |
trust |
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it (1) to have too much time?
I (2) back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also (3) a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it(4) .
When I got into college, things(5) . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this (6) time, there was no sense of (7) to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a (8) . Once that happened, I just kept(9) my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was (10) really late at night to get my work done.
One day I(11) a former classmate of mine who was (12) a lot of money running a sideline (副业). Since his regular job was (13) , I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full﹣time. He said without the job, he would (14) have too much time and would just do what I did back in(15) . He said that if he (16) the job, he would lose his (17) to work and succeed.
So, try (18) your time with other work. This is why there is a(19) that if you want something done, ask a (20) person to do it.
(1)
A. |
true |
B. |
fair |
C. |
strange |
D. |
possible |
(2)
A. |
remember |
B. |
admit |
C. |
understand |
D. |
expect |
(3)
A. |
watched |
B. |
loved |
C. |
coached |
D. |
played |
(4)
A. |
at last |
B. |
right away |
C. |
of course |
D. |
as usual |
(5)
A. |
happened |
B. |
repeated |
C. |
changed |
D. |
mattered |
(6)
A. |
extra |
B. |
difficult |
C. |
valuable |
D. |
limited |
(7)
A. |
duty |
B. |
achievement |
C. |
urgency |
D. |
direction |
(8)
A. |
burden |
B. |
relief |
C. |
risk |
D. |
habit |
(9)
A. |
pushing |
B. |
taking |
C. |
setting |
D. |
calling |
(10)
A. |
hanging out |
B. |
staying up |
C. |
jogging round |
D. |
showing off |
(11)
A. |
met |
B. |
helped |
C. |
treated |
D. |
hired |
(12)
A. |
raising |
B. |
wasting |
C. |
demanding |
D. |
making |
(13)
A. |
safe |
B. |
important |
C. |
boring |
D. |
rewarding |
(14)
A. |
luckily |
B. |
hardly |
C. |
hopefully |
D. |
simply |
(15)
A. |
childhood |
B. |
college |
C. |
town |
D. |
business |
(16)
A. |
quit |
B. |
found |
C. |
accepted |
D. |
kept |
(17)
A. |
heart |
B. |
chance |
C. |
drive |
D. |
way |
(18)
A. |
saving |
B. |
filling up |
C. |
giving up |
D. |
trading |
(19)
A. |
message |
B. |
story |
C. |
saying |
D. |
fact |
(20)
A. |
careful |
B. |
busy |
C. |
reliable |
D. |
kind |
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been(1) to pay lawyers' fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed(诊断)with a (2) disease. There was no (3) , only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a (4) journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers'(徒步旅行者)guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and (5) recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just £320 in the bank. They planned to keep the(6) low by living on boiled noodles, with the(7) hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is(8) in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up(9) and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot(10) than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor(11) all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial(12) , found his symptoms were strangely (13) by their daily tiring journey.
(14) , the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re﹣found strong muscles that they thought had(15) forever. "Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes(16) to a thread, but we were alive."
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, "(17) had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n)(18) written book. It had also given me a (19) , either to leave that page (20) or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope."
(1)
A. |
drawn up |
B. |
used up |
C. |
backed up |
D. |
kept up |
(2)
A. |
mild |
B. |
common |
C. |
preventable |
D. |
serious |
(3)
A. |
cure |
B. |
luck |
C. |
care |
D. |
promise |
(4)
A. |
business |
B. |
walking |
C. |
bus |
D. |
rail |
(5)
A. |
expected |
B. |
frightening |
C. |
disappointing |
D. |
surprising |
(6)
A. |
budget |
B. |
revenue |
C. |
compensation |
D. |
allowance |
(7)
A. |
frequent |
B. |
occasional |
C. |
abundant |
D. |
constant |
(8)
A. |
unpopular |
B. |
lawful |
C. |
attractive |
D. |
illegal |
(9)
A. |
soon |
B. |
early |
C. |
late |
D. |
slowly |
(10)
A. |
harder |
B. |
easier |
C. |
cheaper |
D. |
funnier |
(11)
A. |
rolled |
B. |
bled |
C. |
ached |
D. |
trembled |
(12)
A. |
struggle |
B. |
progress |
C. |
excitement |
D. |
research |
(13)
A. |
developed |
B. |
controlled |
C. |
reduced |
D. |
increased |
(14)
A. |
Initially |
B. |
Eventually |
C. |
Temporarily |
D. |
Consequently |
(15)
A. |
gained |
B. |
kept |
C. |
wounded |
D. |
lost |
(16)
A. |
sewn |
B. |
washed |
C. |
worn |
D. |
ironed |
(17)
A. |
Doctors |
B. |
Hiking |
C. |
Lawyers |
D. |
Homelessness |
(18)
A. |
well |
B. |
partly |
C. |
neatly |
D. |
originally |
(19)
A. |
choice |
B. |
reward |
C. |
promise |
D. |
break |
(20)
A. |
loose |
B. |
full |
C. |
blank |
D. |
missing |