Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, winter skating or skiing in winter. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering（爬山）.
Those who have a passion（热情）for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.
Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different thing that it would be dangerous to ignore（忽视），but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.
If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no“matches”between“teams”of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than men. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities
A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of efforts and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
55．Mountaineering involves .
A．cold B．hardship C．physical risk D．all of the above
56．The difference between a sport and a game has something to do with the kind of .
A. activity B. rules C. uniform D. participants
57．Mountaineering can be called a team sport because .
A．it is an Olympic event
B．teams compete against each other
C．mountaineers depend on each other while climbing
D．there are 5 climbers on each team.
58．Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Mountaineering Is Different from Golf and Football k
B．Mountaineering Is More Attractive than Other Sports
C．Mountaineering
D．Mountain Climbers
How Do Animals Catch their ZZZ's（打鼾声）？
Different creatures have developed some pretty creative ways to get their rest and stay safe． The lizard likes to sleep at the far end of small branches hanging out over a pond or lake in the rain forest． If a snake tries to slither up the branch to eat it, it will shake the branch and knock the lizard off, and the lizard will fall safely into the water． Chameleons can change color to match their surroundings in order to hide even while sleeping．
Gorillas like to sleep high in the trees． They build a new bed every night, sometimes taking up to half an hour to pile branches, twigs, and leaves into a comfortable bed． Birds also find it safe to sleep in the trees, but unless they have eggs or young chicks, they don't use a nest． They just lock their feet around a branch and hang on． A special tendon in their legs is automatically tight when they are at rest, so they won't let go and fall．
Dolphins live underwater, but must come to the surface to breathe． Scientists now believe that dolphins may sleep with only half their brain, while the other half stays awake to keep them safe and breathing． Seals also do this, lying on their sides on the surface of the water with one flipper underwater paddling to keep their noses above the surface． Some ducks may also have this ability, and actually sleep with one eye closed and one eye open．How does a chameleon protect itself while sleeping?
| A．By changing its body colors |
| B．By hanging out over a pond． |
| C．By sleeping with half their brain． |
| D．By making beds with branches． |
Why will not birds fall when they are at rest?
| A．They build nests and sleep in them． |
| B．They fall asleep automatically． |
| C．They have a loose tendon in their legs． |
| D．They lock their feet around a branch． |
How do dolphins breathe?
| A．They breathe underwater． |
| B．They come to the surface to breathe． |
| C．They breathe underwater or come to the surface to breathe． |
| D．We don't know． |
What does the writer intend to tell us?
| A．The cleverest animal is the gorilla because it can make beds． |
| B．Differences in habitat can lead to different living habits． |
| C．The ways animals catch their ZZZ's are pretty much the same． |
| D．In order to protect themselves most animals choose not to sleep |
阅读下面短文,并用英语句子回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)10分）Words can hurtI remember the pain most vividly. My stomach was sick, my heart hurt, and my eyes stung(刺痛的) from holding back tears.“you know, Autumn,” my friend Nick said, “Lisa and Andrea were just talking about you.” I immediately got nervous. “They said that the only reason you start on the basketball team is because the coach （教练）likes you .It’s not because you’re good.” I might be sick. “They said they’re tired of you always getting what you want.”I struggled to keep myself from crying, sinking（下沉） to my knees on the cold floor. After Nick told me everything my supposed best friends said about me, I was hurt.Lisa and Andrea came in from lunch break acting as if nothing had happened . Lisa was still my deskmate, and Andrea was still my partner for our history project.I was amazed at their ability to pretend we had the perfect friendship, especially since they’d said such hurtful things.I was a freshman in high school, and I felt like I didn’t have a friend in the world, all because of a rumor（谣言）.The tongue can be our worst enemy. Rumors harm confidence（信心） and separate close friends. They are like sharp knives, cutting one’s dignity（尊严） into pieces. When we say unkind things about others, we’re thrusting(插) knives into their hearts.So how was I to act next? When Lisa and Andrea pretended our friendship hadn’t changed, I thought of attacking them back. But instead, I told them directly that they had hurt me. Lisa started crying and Andrea was speechless. I know they were both sorry for what they had said. They apologized, and I forgave them with grace(优雅). Sure, things were a little awkward(尴尬) at first, but soon enough everything was back to the way it had been before.I still deal with gossip（流言）, sometimes as a recipient（接受者） and sometimes as a participant（参与者）. But the more I learn about love, the more I realize the importance of encouraging others- sometimes gossip never does.What word can exchange the underlined word in para1?
______________________________________________________Why was the author hurt in the passage?(within 10words)
________________________________________________________Which sentence in the passage is closest in meaning to the following one?
“I frankly told them that their rumor had made me painful.”_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.What did her friends do at last when they heard the author’s frank speech?(within 5 words)
________________________________________________________Use one sentence to describe the author’s character.（within 10 words）
_____________________________________________________________________
Somali pirates(海盗) robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l，200 miles off the Somali coast，the farthest-off-shore attack to date，an officer said Tuesday.
Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻)by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships on Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force，said a spokesman．
The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”．
“Once they start attacking that far out，you’re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia,” said an officer，Ro ger Middleton．“Once you’re that far out，it's just the Indian Ocean，and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia，from Asia to South Africa.”
"This is the farthest robbing to date．They are now operating near the Maldives and India,”said another officer．
The three ships--the MV Prantalay ll，12，and l 4—had 77 members on board in total．All of them are Thai, the spokesman said．Before the Sunday robbing，pirates held l l ships and 228 sailors．
Pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes of catching more dollar payments. Because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships，the success rate(率)has gone down，though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.
| A．Somali Pirates Robbing Three Thai Fishing Ships. |
| B．Somali Pirates |
| C．Somali pirates Attack. |
| D．Somali Pirates Enlarging Their Field Increasingly. |
| A．far out in the Indian Ocean |
| B．in the normal patrol area |
| C．near the Somali, coast |
| D．in the south of Africa |
| A．More goods on board are lost. |
| B．Pirate attacks happen in a larger area now. |
| C．The number of attacks has stayed the same these years. |
| D．Pirate attacks are as serious as before along the Somali coast. |
| A．The patrols are of little effect. |
| B．The patrols are more difficult. |
| C．More patrols are quite necessary even in Asia. |
| D．The patrols only drive the pirates to other areas. |
| A．228. | B．77. | C．383. | D．305. |
I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part in, and live in.
With this unshakable belief, I, at fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other people’s writing can one discover what works, what doesn’t and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.
Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品)．As a law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matter—the volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction(小说) reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldn't necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.
| A． even | B．almost | C．tiredly | D．gradually |
| A． He never watched TV. |
| B． He read what he had to. |
| C． He found reading unbelievable. |
| D． He considered reading part of his life. |
| A．an idea |
| B．a sound quality |
| C．a way of writing |
| D．a world to write about |
| A． It helps him to realize his dream. |
| B． It opens up a wider world for him. |
| C． It makes his college life more interesting. |
| D． It increases his interest in worldwide travel. |
| A． Why do I read? |
| B． How do I read? |
| C． What do I read? |
| D． When do I read? |
Dust storms are violent and mostly unpredictable. They can cause property damage, injuries, and deaths, so it’s necessary to know what to do when you come across them. Watch out for dust storm warnings. Dust storms are most likely to occur on hot summer days, so listen to the local TV or radio broadcasts before traveling in hot, dry conditions, and consider changing or giving up your trip if dust storms are predicted. Roadside signs may also be able to warn you of dust storm danger. Be prepared. If you are in a storm-prone area, carry a mask(口罩) to keep out small dust particles (颗粒), and take eye protection to protect your eyes. A supply of water is also necessary. Go beyond the storm. If you see a dust storm from some distance, and you are in a vehicle, you should try to escape from it. Some dust storms can travel at more than 75 miles per hour, but they frequently travel much slower. However, it is not advisable to put yourself at risk by driving at high speed. Stay inside. Do not move about in a storm, as you will not be able to see hidden risks in your path. So if you’re in a house, stay inside. Protect yourself from flying objects. Cover as much of your body as possible. A dust storm’s high wind can carry heavy objects. If you find yourself without shelter, try to stay low, close to the ground, and protect your head with your arms, a backpack or a pillow.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
| A．Dust storms usually travel much slower than vehicles. |
B．Don’t be so worried about dust storms in the distance. |
C．You shouldn’t drive at a risky speed to escape from dust storms. |
D．Driving faster than the dust storm is the most important thing. |
We can learn from the passage that __________
| A．it is dangerous to travel on hot summer days |
B．dust storms usually come from far away |
C．people should stay indoors when a dust storm comes |
D．small objects blown by a storm’s wind cannot harm people |
Which of the following may NOT really be needed when you come across a storm?
| A．A pair of glasses. |
B．A blanket. |
C．A bottle of milk. |
D．A travel guide. |
A weatherman may give you all of the following advice EXCEPT that "_____________".
| A．do not enter a dust storm |
B．mind the warnings on the roadside signs |
C．close all the doors and windows of your house |
D．cover your body with as many things as possible |
Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
a. the violence of dust stormsb. the speed of dust stormsc. the worst dust storm everd. the likely time for dust storms
| A．a. b. c | B．b. c. d | C．a. b. d | D．a. c. d |