Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for their children, but experts now have identified a related threat to children's health that isn't as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke。
That's the term being 1 to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging(依附) to smokers' hair and 2 , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining 3 heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in, 4 if they're crawling or playing on the floor。
Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to 5 these chemicals in a new study that 6 on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the 7 issue of the journal Pediatrics。
"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad, 8 they don't know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。
"When their kids are 9 the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and 10 , and they think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their 11 . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren't 12 ."
The study reported on 13 toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were 14 that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers 15 with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent's cigarette can 16 the health of infants and children"。
But 17 fewer of those surveyed were aware of the 18 of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room 19 where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。
Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that 20 , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。
( ) 1. A. told B. discussed C. used D. mentioned
( ) 2. A. shoes B. clothing C. body D. mouth
( ) 3. A. includes B. covers C. finds D. improves
( ) 4. A. especially B. specially C. immediately D. regularly
( ) 5. A. name B. call C. explain D. describe
( ) 6. A. focused B. tended C. tried D. worked
( ) 7. A. later B. latest C. best D. previous
( ) 8. A. but B. and C. however D. or
( ) 9. A. alongside B. out of C. in D. beside
( ) 10. A. cough B. talk C. observe D. smoke
( ) 11. A. cars B. seats C. kids D. windows
( ) 12. A. visible B. invisible C. poisonous D. concrete
( ) 13. A. policies B. attitudes C. bans D. habits
( ) 14. A. told B. content C. confident D. aware
( ) 15. A. opposed B. agreed C. fought D. connected
( ) 16. A. harm B. destroy C. improve D. confuse
( ) 17. A. quite B. very C. far D. too
( ) 18. A. chances B. risks C. abilities D. conditions
( ) 19. A. tomorrow B. today C. yesterday D. weekend
( ) 20. A. statement B. mark C. discussion D. prejudice
(2014届辽宁省锦州市高三第一次质量检测考试英语试卷)
I never knew how well Mother could keep a trust until I was going through her things after she died.I discovered something I had forgotten, something that happened to me as a child.
One day, as I went to sleep after my sisters and I had said our prayers, I recalled the events of the day and how I had behaved toward Mother.“I must make things right now,”I thought.
Quietly I out of bed and picked up the pencil and paper from the dresser, and then tiptoed into the hall.The from the living room shone dimly. I knew Mother was downstairs still doing some sewing.
I quickly a note asking Mother to excuse me for being so .I didn’t want my sisters to know my so I added a postscript, “Please don’t let anyone else see this.”
Then I moved into my parents’bedroom and put the letter under Mother’s pillow.
The next morning when I my bed after breakfast, I found a return note under my pillow.Mother wrote that she loved me and me.This became my way of whenever I talked back or disobeyed.Mother always left a return note, but she never our under-the-pillow messages in front of the family.Even when we were , she never mentioned them when we sisters our childhood.
When Mother passed away, I had to go through her personal belongings.In her desk was a bundle of notes tied with a faded ribbon.On top was a message in handwriting which read,“In the event of my death, please these.”
I the package and glanced at the handwriting on the bottom.To my , I recognized my childish writing, “P.S.Please don’t let anyone else see this.Love, Edie.”I gently placed the unopened bundle in the along with other things for the rubbish burner.“Lord,”I prayed,“Make me like .”
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(2014届山东省桓台第二中学高三4月检测考试英语试卷)
How often do you let other people’s nonsense change your mood? Do you let a bad driver, impolite waiter,rude boss,or an insensitive employee your day?
One day I was in a taxi and we headed__ the airport. We were driving in the lane when suddenly a black car drove out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver slammed on his brakes,slide sideways,and at the very last moment our car stopped and narrowly the other car by just inches!The driver of the other car looked around and started at us.
My taxi driver just and waved at the guy. And I mean he was really . So I asked, “Why did you just do that? This guy almost ruined your car and sent us to the hospital!” This is when my taxi driver taught me what I now call “The Law of the Garbage Truck”.
He that many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of ,full of frustration,full of anger,and full of disappointment. As their garbage up,they need a place to dump (倒) it and sometimesthey’ll dump it on . Don’t take it personally. Just smile,wave,wish them well,and move on.
Believe me. You’ll be more . Don’t take their garbage and it to other people at work,at home,or on the streets, Life’s too short to wake up in the morning with . The mark of your success is how quickly you can refocus on what’s in your life. Roy Baumeister,a psychology researcher from Florida State University,found in his extensive research that you bad things more often than good things in your life. You store the bad memories rather easily, and you them more frequently.
So...Love the people who treat you right. Ignore the ones who don’t. Life is ten percent what you make it and ninety percent how you it!
When you follow “The Law of the Garbage Truck”,you take back control of your life. You make room for the good by go of the bad. Have a Garbage Free Day!Have a marvelous,garbage-free day!The seeds you plant today the harvest you reap tomorrow.
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(2014届湖北省天门市高中毕业生四月调研测试英语试卷)
While waiting to pick up a friend at the airport in Portland, Oregon, I noticed a man coming toward me carrying two light bags. He stopped right next to me to his family.
First he moved to his youngest son as he laid down his bags. They gave each other a long, loving hug. they separated, I heard the father say, “It’s so good to see you, son. I missed you so much!” His son smiled somewhat shyly and replied softly, “Me, too, Dad!”
Then the man stood up, gazed in the of his oldest son and said, “You’re already quite the young man. I love you very much, Zach!” They too hugged a most loving, tender hug.
After several , he turned to his wife and declared, “I’ve saved the best for last!” and to give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss I remember seeing.
For an instant they me of newlyweds(新婚夫妇), but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldn’t possibly be. I puzzled about it for a moment and gathered my courage to ask, “Wow! How long have you been married?”
“Almost twelve years.” he replied, breaking his gaze from his lovely wife’s face. “Well then, how long have you been away?” I asked. The man turned and looked at me,. “Two whole days”
Two days? I was . By the intensity of the greeting, I had he’d been gone for at least several weeks — if not months. I know my expression me. Hoping to stop our conversation politely and continue with my for my friend, I said almost immediately, “I hope my is still that passionate after twelve years!”
The man suddenly smiling. He looked me straight in the eye, and with power that burned right into my soul, he told me something that left me a person. He told me, “Don’t , friend …decide!” Then with wonderful smile, he and his family turned and left together.
I was still watching that special family walk just out of sight when my friend to me and asked, “What are you looking at?” Without , and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied, “ My future!”
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(2014届陕西省西工大附中高三第六次模拟英语试卷)
My tire was flat. And I was on a country road. When I with the tire, a car pulled off the road behind me. I saw a male and said, “Hey, do you need any help?”
I literally was . This young guy was dressed in black. Nearly everything imaginable was tattooed(纹身). When he asked to give me a , I someone sitting in his car. That me. Thoughts of robberies flashed through my mind.
Then, it began to . It hit like a waterfall and made it to finish the tire change. With the car jacked(千斤顶托起) up, I was to get in my car. “Get in my car” he insisted, “We’ll wait with you until the rain stops.” “No. I don’t need your help.” I said. “Come on. Get in.” he said as he my arm and pulled me toward his car. “Oh, God, protect me!” I to myself.
As I settled into the back seat, suddenly a delicate came from the front seat of the car. “Are you all right?” “Yes, I am,” I replied with much seeing an old woman there. “My name is Beatrice and this is my neighbor John. John takes me to visit my husband in a nursing home every day. He is a really nice guy.”
“John, I had thought you were, well, ah, you know I…” Embarrassment my words. John laughed, “I often experienced reaction. I actually thought about changing the way I look. then I saw it as an opportunity to see others.”
He was right. What he wore outside was just a of the world as he saw it, but what he wore was the spirit of giving and caring the world he wanted to see. I never believed that I should people by the way they dressed. I was with myself for what I did.
The rain stopped and John and I changed the tire. As we shook hands I apologized for my stupidity.
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(2014届四川省成都七中高三三诊模拟英语试卷)
It was her giggling(咯咯的笑)that drew my attention. Note taking really wasn’t all that funny.
Walking over to the offender, I asked for the . Frozen, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the quiet between teacher and student. When she finally it over, she whispered, “Okay, but I didn’t draw it.”
It was a hand-drawn of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth.
I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, , was working angrily as I struggled not to . I figured I knew the two most likely candidates for drawing the picture. It would do them some to teach them a lesson, and maybe it was high time that I did it!
Thankfully, I was able to keep myself .
When there were about six minutes remaining, I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how this was for me. I told them there must be a reason and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me. Then I let them write silently while I sniffed in the back of the classroom.
As I the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing against you.” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” Some kids said, “We’re of you.” But two notes, from the girls who I were behind the picture, had a list of issues. I was too , too strict…
Reading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of my students, I had begun commanding them to . Where I thought I was driving them to success, I was driving them away.
I had some apologies to make. But the next day in the classroom, one boy and one girl each handed me a card. The one by all the boys expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke. The one from the girls asked for .
This was a lesson for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the .
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