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All her life, my mother wanted busy children. It was very important that her house should remain at all things clean and tidy.
You could turn your back for a moment in my mother's house, leave a half written letter on the dining room table, a magazine open on the chair, and turn around to find that my mother had "put it back where it belonged." as she explained.
My wife, on one of her first visits to my mother's house, placed a packet of biscuits on an end table and went to the kitchen to fetch a drink. When she returned, she found the packet had been removed. Confused(疑惑的), she set down her drink and went back to the kitchen for more biscuits, only to return to find that her drink had disappeared. Up to then she had guessed that everyone in my family held onto their drinks, so as not to make water rings on the end tables. Now she knows better.
These disappearances had a confusing effect on our family. We were all inclined to (有......的倾向) forgetfulness, and it was common for one of us, upon returning from the bathroom, to find the every sign of his work in progress had disappeared suddenly. "Do you remember what I was doing?" was a question frequently asked, but rarely answered.
Now my sister has developed a second-hand love of clean windows, and my brother does the cleaning in his house, perhaps to avoid having to be the one to lift his feet. I try not to think about it too much, but I have at this later time started to dust the furniture once a week.
68. Which of the following is TRUE about my mother?
A. She enjoyed removing others' drinks.             B. She became more and more forgetful.
C. She preferred to do everything by herself.      D. She wanted to keep her house in good order.
69. My wife could not find her biscuits and drink in my mother's house because _______.
A. she had already finished them                        B. my mother had taken them away
C. she forgot where she had left them                 D. someone in my family was holding them
70. The underlined part to the fifth paragraph suggests that my sister _______.
A. is happy to clean windows                                   B. loves to clean used windows
C. is fond of clean used windows                       D. likes clean windows as my mother did
71. This passage mainly tells us that _______.
A. my mother often made us confused                B. my family members had a poor memory
C. my mother helped us to form a good habit     
D. my wife was surprised when she visited my mother

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The behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions (排放)by 80 percent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own — though extremely important- is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency (效率),which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,’explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher,‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design. ’In other words,old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.
Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information,it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback (反馈) facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors,could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension (方面),suggesting that individuals’ behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted 一 whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat (恒温器) , for example.
Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.
As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of________.

A.zero-carbon homes
B.the behaviour of building users
C.sustainable building design
D.the reduction of carbon emissions

The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to”________.”

A.the ways
B.their homes
C.developments
D.existing efforts

What are Katy Janda’s words mainly about?

A.The importance of changing building users, habits.
B.The necessity of making a careful building design.
C.The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D.The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.

The information gap in energy use _______.

A.can be bridged by feedback facilities
B.affects the study on energy monitors
C.brings about problems for smart meters
D.will be caused by building users’ old habits

What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?

A.The social science research is to be furthered.
B.The education programme is under discussion.
C.The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.
D.The behaviour preference of building users is similar.

A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭子)and a chair .The whip get all of the attention , but it’s mostly for show .In reality , it’s the chair that does the important work .When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face , the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time .With its focus divided , the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next .When faced with so many options , the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion ? How often do you have something you want to achiever (e,g. lose weight , start a business , travel more ) –only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress ?
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best , the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information .The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things , and so we take less action , make less progress , and stay the same when we could be improving .
It doesn’t have to be that way .Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face , remember this :All you need to do is focus on one thing .You just need to get started .Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people .If you have somewhere you want to go , something you want to accomplish , someone you want to become ….take immediate action .If you’re clear about where you want to go , the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out the way .
Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A.To trick the lion.
B.To show off his skill .
C.To get ready for a fight.
D.To entertain the audience.

In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A.They feel puzzled over choices.
B.They hold on to the wrong things.
C.They find it hard to make changes.
D.They have to do something for show.

What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in paragraph 3?

A.Tolerant
B.Doubtful
C.Respectful
D.Supportive

When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to_____.

A.wait for a better chance
B.break your old habits
C.make a quick decision
D.ask for clear guidance

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition . Some value it highly , believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity . Others say that competition is bad ; that it sets one person against another ; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people .
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied (依赖)on how well they performed at tennis and other skills . For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit ( 追求)of success , the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten .
However ,while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed , others take an opposite attitude .In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players , they strongly blame competition . Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society . Teaching these young people . I often observe in them a desire to fail . They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success . By not trying , they always have an excuse : “I may have lost . but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try . “What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot . Such a loss would be a measure of their worth . Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves . Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others . Both are afraid of not being valued . Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition .
What does this passage mainly talk about ?

A.Competition helps to set up self-respect .
B.Opinions about competition are different among people
C.Competition is harmful to personal quality development .
D.Failures are necessary experiences in competition

Why do some people favor competition according to the passage ?

A.It pushes society forward .
B.It builds up a sense of duty .
C.It improves personal abilities .
D.It encourages individual efforts

The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means .

A.those who try their best to win
B.those who value competition most highly
C.those who are against competition most strongly
D.those who rely on others most for success

Which point of view may the author agree to ?

A.Every effort should be paid back .
B.Competition should be encouraged .
C.Winning should be a life-and-death matter .
D.Fear of failure should be removed in competition

Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623 when the first patent law to protect IP sights was passed. IP rights protect the artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/ she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing. But today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who creative music, art and literature.
In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether; the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, form a book store. In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet. This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights.
According to the writer, in the beginning, If rights were mainly of use to ______.

A.those creating music, art and literature
B.novelists
C.engineers and inventors
D.those not receiving financial reward for their work

What do we know about the internet according to the passage?

A.It makes IP rights harder to protect.
B.It sells songs and films.
C.It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.
D.It prevents the production of artwork.

According to paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?

A.Intellectual property rights.
B.The Internet.
C.Free downloading
D.The large number of songs, films and books.

A possible title for this passage could be ______.

A.A History of IP Rights
B.Ways to Protect Your IP Rights.
C.The Present and the Future Of IP
D.IP Rights and Our Attitudes

Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. Then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart.
“I have two kids in college, and I want to say ‘come home,’ but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education,” says Jacobs.
The Jacobs family did work out a solution: They asked and received more aid form the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. They will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school.
With unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs. More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.
At the same time, tuition(学费)continues to rise. A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade,
“If we go on this way for another 25years, we won’t have an affordable system of higher education,” says Patrick M. Callan, president of the center. “The middle class families have been financing it through debt. They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.”
Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. The good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.
According to Paragraph 1, why did the plan of Jacobs family fail?

A.The twins wasted too much money.
B.The father was out of work.
C.Their saving ran out.
D.The family fell apart.

How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem?

A.They asked their kids to come home.
B.They borrowed $20,000 from the school.
C.They encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.
D.They got help from the school and the federal government.

Financial aid administrators believe that _______.

A.more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses
B.the government will receive more letters of complaint
C.college tuition fees will double soon
D.America’s unemployment will fall

What can we learn about the middle class families from the text?

A.They blamed the government for the tuition increase.
B.Their income remained steady in the last decade.
C.They will try their best to send kids to college.
D.Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.

According to the last paragraph, the government will .

A.provide most students will scholarships
B.dismiss some financial aid administrators
C.stop the companies from making student loans
D.go on providing financial support for college students

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