lt, they do not only look younger and slimmer, but feel better. Because of increased physical fitness, life expectance in the nation has risen to seventy-three years, with fewer people suffering from heart disease, the nation's number one killer.
Jogging ( 慢跑 ), the easiest and cheapest way of improving the body, keeps over 30million people of all ages on the run. For the price of a good pair of running shoes, anyone anywhere can join the race.
Dieting, too, has become a national pastime. Promoters of diets that eliminate eating one thing or another, such as fats or carbohydrates ( 碳水化合物 ), promise as much as 20- pound weight losses within two weeks. Books describing such amazing diets always head up ( 居……之首 )the best-seller lists because people who are overweight want to lose weight quickly and easily.
Nevertheless, jogging and dieting, carried to extremes, can be harmful. Many confused joggers overdo and finally suffer from ankle and foot damage. Dieting, fortunately, becomes only a temporary means for shedding a few pounds while the body lose the balanced nutrition ( 营养 )it requires, so most dieters cannot keep on diets. Above all, common sense should be the keystone for any dieting and exercise plan.
6.The main idea of this passage is that___________ .
A. both jogging and dieting can improve your health
B. exercise and improved diet has raised the American's life expectance
C. people, who jog and diet wisely, will be healthier than those who do not
D. diet and exercise harm rather than benefit health
7.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Jogging can damage the body because it is too tough an exercise.
B. Diets are so popular because they are on the best-seller lists.
C. Americans now live to be 73years old.
D. Exercise and diet are more widespread in America than ever before.
8.It is implied but not stated that ___________ .
A. heart disease is the number one killer among Americans
B. exercise and dieting bring about spiritual as well as physical well-being
C. people don't stay on a diet because it doesn't work
D. a 20-pound weight loss within two weeks is too much for the body
9. The best title for this passage is ___________ .
A. Jogging and Diet B .Exercise and Health
C. Physical Fitness D. Life Expectancy and Diet
When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions:
Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experience.
Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person’s perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by some. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
Sometimes we see only what we want to see what may be obverse to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus—“He’s basically a good boy, so what I saw was not shoplifting.” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information—“All kids get into mischief(顽皮). Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We call change the meaning of the contradictory information—“It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”..
1.While observing a particular person, .
A.one is likely to take all aspects into consideration
B.one pays more attention to his or her advantages
C.children often differ from gownups in perception
D.one tends to choose certain cues to look for
2.Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because .
A.their yardsticks are not the same
B.either of them may be slow to catch information
C.the time for observations is not long enough
D.each of them uses different language to express his or her impressions
3.The underlined word “ignore” in Paragraph 4 means to .
A.understand something B.try to do something
C.pay no attention to something D.know something better
4.The worst thing in selective perception is that .
A.perceived information runs against your desire
B.facts can be totally ignored and distorted
C.importance of contradictory information can be overrated
D.the same information may not be dealt with in the same way
More surprising,perhaps, than the present difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is alive and thriving.As Skolnick notes,Americans are a marrying people: relative to Europeans, more of us marry and we marry at a younger age. Moreover, after a drop in the early 1915s,the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing. Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this promarriage context: some 30 percent of divorced individuals remarry. Thus, marriage remains by far the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society.
What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family. Twentyfive years ago, the typical American family was made up of a husband, a wife, and two or three children.Now,there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children. And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife’s former marriage, or the husband’s, or both.Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage; sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses (配偶).
Thus, one can find every type of family arrangement. There are marriages without children; marriages with children from only the persent marriage; marriages with “fulltime” children from both the present and former marriages; marriages with “fulltime” children from the present marriage and “parttime” children from former marriages. There are stepfathers, stepmothers, halfbrothers, and halfsisters.It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents! These are great changes from the traditional nuclear family.But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: Most Americans spend most of their adult lives married.
13.By calling American marrying people the author means that .
A.Americans are more traditional than Europeans
B.Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans
C.there are more married couples in U.S.A. than in Europe
D.more of Americans,as compared with Europeans, prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age
14.Divorced Americans .
A.prefer the way they live
B.will most likely remarry
C.have lost faith in marriage
D.are the vast majority of people in the society
15.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s American families?
A.Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable.
B.A typical American family is made up of only a husband and a wife.
C.Americans prefer to have more kids than before. D.There are no nuclear families any more.
16.“Part time”children .
A.spend some of their time with their half brothers and some of their time with their halfsisters
B.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage
C.are shared between the two former spouses D.cannot stay with “fulltime” children
17.Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families, .
A.the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage
B.the functions of marriage remain unchanged
C.most Americans prefer a second marriage
D.most divorced Americans would rather not remarry
Looking back on my childhood, I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made. Although we were all brought up in the same way,my br others and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects. Unlike them,I had no ear for music and languages. I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic.
Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary. I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in, of my room and my toys. Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents,aunts, uncles and cousins who gathered next door. But I do have a clear memory of the dogs, the farm animals, the local birds, and above all, the insects.
I am a naturalist, not a scientist. I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm had led me into varied investigations. I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil reading about other people's observations and discoveries. Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle, because it all seems to fit together. This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books, which some might honor with the title of scientific research.
But curiosity,a keen eye,a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist: one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is selfdiscipline, a quality I lack. A scientist, up to a certain point,can be made. A naturalist is born. If you can combine the two,you get the best of both worlds.
1.The first paragraph tells us the author .
A.was interested in flowers and insects in his childhood
B.lost his hearing when he was a child
C.didn’t like his brothers and sisters
D.was born to a naturalist’s family
2.The author can’t remember his relatives clearly because .
A.he didn’t live very long with them
B.the family was extremely large
C.he was too young when he lived with them
D.he was fully occupied with observing nature
3.It can be inferred from the passage that the author was .
A.a scientist as well as a naturalist
B.a naturalist but not a scientist
C.no more than a born naturalist
D.first of all a scientist
4.The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he .
A.has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic
B.lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist
C.just reads about other people’s observations and discoveries
D.comes up with solutions in a most natural way
Hiring a selfdrive car really adds to the enjoyment of your holiday. There are so many places of interest to visit, and if you enjoy seeing more than just the city center there’s no better way to explore than by car.
| Hire Charges |
| What’s included a)Unlimited mileage(英里数) |
| b)Expenses on oil, maintenance(保养) and repairs, which will be repaid on production of invoices(发票) |
| What’s not included |
| a)Personal accident insurance. |
| b)Garaging, petrol, parking and traffic fines. |
Condition of Hire
The shortest rental period at these specially low prices is three days. For prices for periods of one or two days you only see our representative at the hotel.
Car hire must be booked six weeks or more before arrival in London to guarantee a car. But if you have been unable to make a booking in advance, please see our representative at the hotel who may still be able to help you.
The car types on the sheet are examples of the types of cars in each price range, but a particular car cannot be guaranteed.
Upon delivery the driver(s) will be asked to sign the car hire company’s Conditions of Hire.
If you decide to hire a car, just fill in the Booking Form and return it to us. A booking fee of ￡12 as part of the car hire cost is required.
Should you be forced to cancel your car hire booking after payment in full (two weeks before date of hire), a cancellation charge of ￡12 will be made.
5.From the advertisement we can see a car hirer will pay.
A.insurance against damage to the car
B.insurance against injury to the driver
C.the cost of maintenance of the car
D.the cost of repairs to the car
6.Which of the following is NOT true judging from the advertisement?
A.Such an advertisement most likely appears in a newspaper.
B.You are required to fill in a form before you hire a car.
C.You are pretty certain to hire a particular car if you’d like to.
D.You have to pay a booking fee when you hire a car from the company.
7.If car hirers change their minds after paying the whole cost of hiring, the ￡12 booking fee is .
A.partly returned
B.doubly paid
C.not returned at all
D.returned within two weeks.
In only two decades Asian Americans have become the fastestgrowing U. S. minority. As their children began moving up through the nation schools, it became clear that a new class of academic achievers was emerging. Their achievements are reflected in the nation’s best universities, where mathematics, science and engineering departments have taken on a decidedly Asian character. This special liking for mathematics and science is partly explained by the fact that Asian-American students who began their education abroad arrived in the U. S. with a solid grounding in mathematics but little or no knowledge of English. They are also influenced by the promise of a good job after college. Asians feel there will be less unfair treatment in areas like mathematics and science because they will be judged more objectively. And the return on the investment in education is more immediate in something like engineering than with an arts degree.
Most AsianAmerican students owe their success to the influence of parents who are determined that their children take full advantage of what the American educational system has to offer. An effective measure of parental attention is homework. Asian parents spend more time with their children than American parents do, and it helps. Many researchers also believe there is something in Asian culture that breeds success, such as ideals that stress family values and emphasize education.
Both explanations for academic success worry Asian Americans because of fears that they feed a typical racial image. Many can remember when Chinese,Japanese and Filipino immigrants were the victims of social isolation. Indeed, it was not until 1952 that laws were laid down giving all Asian immigrants the right to citizenship.
8.While making tremendous achievements at college, AsianAmerican students .
A.feel they are mistreated because of limited knowledge of English
B.are afraid that their academic successes bear a strong Asian character
C.still worry about unfair treatment in society
D.generally feel it a shame to have to depend on their parents
9.What are the major factors that determine the success of Asian Americans?
A.A solid foundation in basic mathematics and Asian culture.
B.Hard work and intelligence.
C.Parents’ help and a limited knowledge of English.
D.Asian culture and the American educational systerm.
10.Few Asian American students major in human sciences mainly because .
A.their English is not good enough
B.they are afraid they might meet with unfair judgment in these areas
C.there is a wide difference between Asian and Western cultures
D.they know little about American culture and society
11.Why do “both explanations” (Para. 3) worry Asian Americans?
A.They are afraid that they will again be isloated from American society in general.
B.People will think that Asian students rely on their parents for success.
C.Asian Americans will be a threat to other minorities.
D.American academic achievements have taken on too strong an Asian character.