第二部分 阅读理解(共25小题;第一节每小题 2 分,第二节每小题1分;满分45分)
第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Diane Arbus is known for creating intense black and white photographs of very unusual people. She used a special camera that produced square shaped images. One art expert said Diane Arbus turned photography inside out. Instead of looking at her subjects, she made them look at her.
Diane Arbus was born in 1923 to a wealthy family in New York City. After finishing high school at the age of 18, Diane married Allan Arbus. Mr. Arbus worked in the advertising department of her father’s store.
It was Mr. Arbus who gave Diane her first camera. Diane soon decided to take a class with the famous photographer Berenice Abbott. The Arbuses eventually started taking photographs of clothing. These images were used as advertisements for Diane’s father’s store. After the birth of their daughter, Doon, the Arbuses started a business together. Their purpose was to photograph clothing fashions. Diane Arbus was the stylist. She would prepare the hair and faces of the fashion models who wore the clothing being photographed. Allan Arbus took the pictures.
The couple soon had jobs from important fashion magazines such as “Vogue” and “Harper’s Bazaar”. Their work was very successful during the 1950s. They became part of a group of artists that were helping to redefine visual culture. They were breaking with past traditions to create a new look for a new decade, the sixties.
But Diane was not satisfied with her secondary role. She wanted a more active part in making photographs. She wanted to explore her own artistic expression and freedom. To do this, she stopped working with her husband. Then she started taking photography classes at the New School in New York City.
Arbus’ teacher, Lisette Model, influenced her in many ways. She showed Diane how to use a camera like an expert. She also taught Diane to use her art to face her doubts and fears. Miss Model once said that Diane soon started “not listening to me but suddenly listening to herself.”
41. Diane Arbus got her first camera ______.
A. from her father B. from her husband
C. in a shop D. in the advertising department
42. Why did the Arbuses start a business together?
A. To film clothing fashions. B. To make their daughter happy.
C. To prove themselves. D. To make friends with more people.
43. The Arbuses ______ in the 1950s according to the passage.
A. were in charge of “Vogue” B. earned more than other artists
C. were recognized as great artists D. were proud of their achievements
44. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that ______.
A. Diane was hard to dealt with
B. Diane care more for freedom
C. Diane was tired of working with husband
D. Diane learned more from Lisette Model
There is growing concern about food insecurity in the developing world. Rising food prices, weather emergencies and political problems are deepening the struggle for families in many countries.
Three UN agencies have published a report recently, saying high prices are likely to continue. Gregory Barrow, who is with the World Food Program in Rome, says, “If you look at the places where the World Food Program works, particularly in developing countries, you see people who might be spending more than 60 percent of their salary in purchasing food for their families.”
East Africa is suffering its worst drought in years. In Kenya, at least three and a half million people are going hungry, mostly in the north. Yet food is going to waste in central Kenya. Now, farmers there want the government to buy their food and give it to those in need. Farmers say bad roads and lack of transportation make it difficult for them to get their produce to the market.
Mr. Barrow says, “It needs the government to make some arrangements such as providing transport. They can buy it at a good price, then give it to those people instead of asking for food from overseas, which is very bad. When we are throwing away food, they are asking for food from overseas.”
Economists say that imports reduce local food prices, decrease productivity(生产效率) and increase the dependency on other countries. Farmers in Kenya hope the government can pay higher prices for their crops so that they can feed more Kenyans.What is the best title for this passage?
A.Kenya Imports Food from Abroad |
B.A World Food Program in Rome. |
C.The Poor Suffer from High Food Prices. |
D.A Report Published by Three UN Agencies. |
What do we know about Kenya from the passage?
A.The people in central Kenya are suffering from hunger. |
B.At least three and a half million Kenyans lack food. |
C.The Kenyan government wants to improve road conditions. |
D.People in northern Kenya refuse to ask for food from overseas. |
What does “they” in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A.The people of northern Kenya. |
B.Government officials. |
C.The farmers of central Kenya. |
D.Kenyan economists. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to this passage?
A.Gregory Barrow suggests that Kenya make good use of overseas food. |
B.People in northern Kenya are suffering the drought less than the central. |
C.Economists believe importing food from abroad may cause problems. |
D.Kenyan government hopes to buy the native crops at higher prices. |
Modern Foreign Language Teacher
A successful, popular school in central South London has a new vacancy(空职) for an MFL Teacher of Spanish to start immediately after the Christmas holidays.
We required a specialist Spanish teacher; therefore Spanish should be your major language. Besides this, you need to make the lessons interesting and you should also have teaching experience.
Please contact Robert Eagle at 88143425.
General Manager
We are seeking a General Manager for our new workshop facility in Doha, Qatar. The successful individual should possess a Bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering, along with 19 to 15 years' work experience in the Oil & Gas, Petrochemicals, Fertilizer or Marine industry and CNC machinery tools and equipment. A minimum of five years’; experience in a senior managerial capacity is essential. Candidates (候选人) that have work experience in Gulf countries or in the Middle East are encouraged to apply.
Please contact Brian Gambles at 88146725.
Finance Manager
The successful individual will be able to demonstrate substantial commercial experience working within a corporate, blue-chip environment. You will be able to interact with and present confidently to senior management. The business offers an excellent working culture and genuine opportunities for significant career advancement and development.
Please contact Mr. McMahon at 88147959.
HR Manager
We are looking for an HR Manager to join our project team who will be responsible for a new HR and Payroll project.
A minimum of three years' HR management experience is required for this position.
The successful individual will need to have managed HR teams and supported Payroll.
If you have the relevant experience and are available for a new assignment, contact Matt Ridley at 88146550.Who should you get in touch with if you want to be a Spanish teacher?
A.Robert Eagle | B.Brian Gambles |
C.Mr. McMahon | D.Matt Ridley |
We know from the ads that the position of General Manager requires a person who _______.
A.has five years of work experience in the Marine industry |
B.can support the senior management teams |
C.has a Bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering |
D.has teaching experience |
If you want to work in an excellent working culture, you should call _______ for an interview.
A.88143425 | B.88146725 | C.88147959 | D.88146550 |
What is the minimum amount of experience required for the position of HR Manager?
A.Five years | B.Six years |
C.Ten years | D.Three years |
In 1826, a French man named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. He invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographer. He took many pictures of great people. The pictures were unusual because they were very lifelike.
Photography also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed our feelings, like other kinds of art.The first photo was a picture of Niepce's _______.
A.business | B.house |
C.garden | D.window |
The Daguerreotype was _______.
A.a Frenchman | B.a kind of picture |
C.a kind of camera | D.a photographer |
This passage tells us_______.
A.how photography was developed |
B.how to show you ideas and feelings in pictures |
C.how to take pictures in the world |
D.how to use different cameras |
What is an Oyster card?
Oyster is the easiest way to pay for journeys on the bus ,Tube ,tram,Docklands light Railway (DLR),London Overground and National Rail journeys in London You can store your travel cards, Bus & Tram Pass,season tickets and credit to pay for journeys as you go.
Where to get an Oyster card?
There are a number of ways for you to get an Oyster card :
• At over 3,900 Oyster Ticket stops
• At Tube and London Overground station ticket offices
• At some National Rail stations
• At London Travel information Centres
• Online at tfl. gov. uk/oyster
How to use an Oyster card?
To pay the correct fare on the Tube ,DLR,London Overground and National Rail services,you must always touch in on the yellow Oyster card reader at the start of your journey,and touch out at the end. if you don’t, a maximum cash Oyster fare will be changed When using the bus or tram, you must only touch in at the start, but not at the end of your journey.
What happens if I don’t visit London very often?
Don’t worry. Any pay as you go credit on your card will not expire (过期),so you can keep it for your next visit or lend it to a friend.
Fares
Traveling by Tube from Central London (Zone l)to Heathrow (Zone 6)
Adult Oyster single fare
£ 4. 20 Monday to Friday 06:30 - 09:30 and 16:00一19:00
£ 2. 70 at all other times including public holidays
Adult single cash fare £ 5.00
For further information,visit tfL.gov. uk /fares.You can get an Oyster card at the following places EXCEPT_____
A.at a post office | B.at an Oyster Ticket stop |
C.on the website | D.at a Tube station |
If a person with an Oyster card takes the 7 o’clock Tube from Central London to Heathrow for a week (no public holiday in between),he should pay_____.
A.£ 18.90 | B.£ 29.40 | C.£ 26.40 | D.£ 21.90 |
The passage is probably taken from a_______
A.journal | B.travel brochure | C.textbook | D.novel |
Alibaba started taking the lead in China by connecting big Chinese manufacturers(制造商) with big buyers across the world. Its business-to-business site, Alibaba.com allowed business to buy almost everything. Alibaba’s advantage wasn’t hard to judge: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards. Its market attracts 231 million active buyers, 8 million sellers, 11.3 billion orders a year — and Alibaba is just the middleman. It encourages people to use its markets — not charging small sellers a percentage of the sale.
If you want a quick look into the influence of Alibaba on daily Chinese life, take my experience. I moved to Beijing a year ago and quickly got tired of visiting small stores across the crowded, polluted city of 20 million people in search of new electronics, bathroom furnishings, and anything else my wife wanted. “You’re looking for what exactly? Why not try it? ” my Chinese teacher asked me one day. With that, my wonderful new relationship with Alibaba began.
Alibaba’s original business-to-business model now is second to consumer buying. Chinese retail(零售) buying makes up 80% of Alibaba’s profit, and leading that group is Taobao, with 800 million items for sale and the most unbelievable selection of things you’ll ever find. TMall.com is Alibaba’s other big site, where you can find brand name goods from Nike and Unilever near the lowest prices.
What I have a hard time explaining to friends and family back in the U.S. is how China has gone beyond traditional shopping — big-box retailers especially —in favor of online purchases on Taobao and a few other sites. In smaller towns than Beijing, where big retailers have not yet traveled, shopping online is shopping, and shopping is Taobao.
I have a list of some of my recent purchases on Taobao for a sense of how wide the marketplace is. Almost everything arrived a day or two after ordering with free shipping. I’m not even a big buyer, because I need friends to help me search the Chinese-language site. When I was searching my purchase history on my Chinese teacher’s iPad, which helps me buy goods, I looked through with great difficulty about 10 of her purchases for every one of mine.Alibaba’s advantage mainly lies in .
A.its low price |
B.its big size |
C.its not charging small sellers |
D.its business-to-business service |
We know from the passage that Alibaba .
A.will continue to develop. |
B.charges all the sellers on its site a percentage of the sale. |
C.acts as a bridge between the buyers and sellers. |
D.is of middle size among all the online sites. |
What can be inferred from the passage?
A.Alibaba’s business-to-business service earns more money than retail. |
B.TMall.com provides more profit than Taobao. |
C.Taobao has no obvious advantage over other similar online sites. |
D.The author’s Chinese teacher is also an online purchase lover. |
What is the passage mainly about?
A.Shopping online in China is TaoBao. |
B.How the author purchases online in China. |
C.Shopping online goes beyond traditional shopping. |
D.Alibaba influences people’s daily purchase in China. |