完形填空(共20小题，每题1分，共20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41-60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the doorway of my home, I looked closely at my 23-year-old son, Daniel. In a few hours he would be flying to France to 41 a different life. It was a transitional（过渡的）time in Daniel's life. I wanted to 42 him some words of significance. But nothing came from my lips, and this was not the 43 time I had let such moments pass.
When Daniel was five, I took him to the bus stop on his first day of kindergarten. He asked, “What is it going to be like, Dad? Can I do it?” Then he walked 44 the steps of the bus and disappeared inside. The bus drove away and I said nothing. A decade later, a similar 45 played itself out. I drove him to college. As I started to leave, I tried to think of something to say to give him 46 and confidence as he started this new stage of life. Again, words 47 me.
Now, as I stood before him, I thought of those 48 opportunities. How many times have I let such moments 49 ? I don't find a quiet moment to tell him what they have 50 to me. Or what he might 51 to face in the years ahead. Maybe I thought it was not necessary to say anything.
What does it matter in the course of a lifetime if a father never tells a son what he really thinks of him? 52 as I stood before Daniel, I knew that it did matter. My father and I loved each other. Yet, I always 53 never hearing him put his 54 into words. Now I could feel my palms sweat and my throat tighten. Why is it so 55 to tell a son something from the heart?
My mouth turned dry, and I knew I would be able to get out only a few words clearly. “Daniel,” I said, “If I could have picked, I would have picked you.” That's all I could say. He hugged me. For a moment, the world 56 , and there were just Daniel and me. He was saying something, but tears misted my eyes, and I couldn't understand what he was saying. All I was 57 of was the stubble（短须）on his chin as his face pressed 58 mine. What I had said to Daniel was 59 . It was nothing. And yet, it was 60 .
41. A. experience B. spend C. enjoy D. shape
42. A. show B. give C. leave D. instruct
43. A. last B. first C. very D. next
44. A. upward B. into C. down D. up
45. A. sign B. scene C. scenery D. sight
46. A. interest B. instruction C. courage D. direction
47. A. failed B. discouraged C. struck D. troubled
48. A. future B. embarrassing C. obvious D. lost
49. A. last B. pass C. fly D. remain
50. A. counted B. meant C. valued D. eared
51. A. think B. want C. expect D. wish
52. A. But B. And C. Instead D. So
53. A. wondered B. regretted C. minded D. tried
54. A. views B. actions C. feelings D. attitudes
55. A. important B. essential C. hard D. complex
56. A. disappeared B. changed C. progressed D. advanced
57. A. sensitive B. convinced C. aware D. tired
58. A. by B. against C. on D. with
59. A. clumsy B. gentle C. absurd D. moving
60. A. none B. all C. anything D. everything
Cutting meat production and consumption by 30 percent would help to reduce carbon emissions(排放) and improve health in the most meat-loving nations, scientists said on Wednesday.
Using prediction models, British and Australian researchers1that improving efficiency, increasing carbon capture and 2fossil fuel dependence in farming would not be enough to3emissions targets.
But combining these steps 4a 30 percent reduction in livestock（家畜） 5in major meat-producing nations and a similar 6in meat-eating, would lead to "substantial population health benefits" and cut emissions, they said.
The study found that in Britain, a 30 percent 7 intake of animal-source saturated（饱和的） fat by adults would reduce the 8of premature（过早的） deaths from heart disease by some 17 percent -- equivalent to 18,000 premature deaths reduced in one year.
In Sao Paulo, Brazil, it could mean as 9as 1,000 premature deaths reduced in a year, they said.
10the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 18 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions are from meat production and experts say rising 11for meat, particularly in countries with growing economies, could 12livestock production up by 85 percent from 2000 levels 132030.
The scientists said global action was needed to maximize the benefits of cutting meat production and 14 , and that the environmental 15"may apply only in those countries that currently have high production levels."
The study was 16in The Lancet medical journal as part of a series in climate change and health 17the Copenhagen global climate summit scheduled next month.
In a second study, British scientists found that increased walking and cycling, and 18cars, would have a much greater impact on health 19low-emission vehicles in rich and middle-income countries.
Andrew Haines, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and head of the research series, said delegates at Copenhagen needed "to understand the potential 20impacts of their plans."
( ) 1. A. invented B. experimented C. found D. proved
( ) 2. A. increasing B. speeding C. stopping D. reducing
( ) 3. A. meet B. change C. break D. adapt
( ) 4. A. by B. with C. to D. in
( ) 5. A. sale B. eating C. production D. use
( ) 6. A. cut B. increase C. addition D. consumption
( ) 7. A. lower B. higher C. more D. less
( ) 8. A. amount B. number C. quantity D. deal
( ) 9. A. much B. many C. few D. little
( ) 10. A. According to B. Apart from C. As well as D. In addition to
( ) 11. A. resistance B. fear C. demand D. anxiety
( ) 12. A. weaken B. strengthen C. drive D. broaden
( ) 13. A. in B. by C. from D. after
( ) 14. A. evaluation B. consumption C. process D. store
( ) 15. A. advantage B. disadvantage C. pollution D. improvement
( ) 16. A. written B. claimed C. delivered D. published
( ) 17. A. along with B. from behind C. ahead of D. in front of
( ) 18. A. more B. fewer C. no . none
( ) 19. A. then B. as C. that D. than
( ) 20. A. health B. body C. spirit D. emotion
Don't blame genes for aging facial skin. A new study of twins suggests you can 1those coarse(粗糙的) wrinkles, brown or pink spots, and dilated(膨胀的) blood vessels on too much time in the sun, smoking, and being overweight.
Because twins share genes, but may have 2exposures to environmental factors, studying twins allows an, "opportunity to control for genetic susceptibility(敏感性)," Dr. Elma D. Baron, at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine in Cleveland, Ohio, and colleagues 3in the latest issue of Archives of Dermatology.
Their analysis of environmental skin-damaging factors in 65 pairs of twins hints that skin aging is 4more to environment and lifestyle than 5factors.
But when it 6skin cancer, the researchers say their findings support previous reports that 7 environment and genes affect skin cancer risk.
Baron's team 8facial skin of 130 twins, 18 to 77 years old, who lived9in the northern Midwest and Eastern regions of the U.S. who were 10the Twins Days Festival in Ohio in August 2002.
At this time, each of the twins also 11reported how their skin burned or tanned 12sunscreen(防晒霜), their weight, and their history of skin cancer, smoking, and alcohol drinking.
The study group 13of 52 fraternal and 10 identical twin pairs, plus 3 pairs who were unsure of their twin status. Identical(同卵的) twins share all of their genes and fraternal twins share only about half.
From these data, the researchers 14strong ties, outside of twin status, between smoking, older age, and being overweight, and having facial skin with evidence of environmental 15
16contrast, sunscreen use and drinking alcohol appeared correlated with 17skin damage.
Baron and colleagues say the current findings, which highlight ties between facial 18and potentially avoidable 19factors -- such as smoking, being overweight, and 20overexposure to the sun's damaging rays -- may help motivate people to minimize these risky behaviors.
( ) 1. A. blame B. owe C. take D. bring
( ) 2. A. same B. different C. similar D. common
( ) 3. A. explain B. confirm C. declare D. shout
( ) 4. A. equal B. related C. close D. strict
( ) 5. A. characteristic B. personal C. natural D. genetic
( ) 6. A. comes to B. talks of C. refers to D. gets to
( ) 7. A. all B. neither C. both D. either
( ) 8. A. examined B. checked C. inspected D. interviewed
( ) 9. A. most B. usually C. mostly D. always
( ) 10. A. joining B. representing C. attending D. remarking
( ) 11. A. separately B. lonely C. commonly D. truly
( ) 12. A. with B. on C. in D. without
( ) 13. A. consisted B. made up C. contained D. included
( ) 14. A. documented B. recorded C. reported D. noted
( ) 15. A. damage B. exploration C. protection D. material
( ) 16. A. In B. By C. As D. At
( ) 17. A. lesser B. more C. no D. fewer
( ) 18. A. look B. aging C. expression D. wrinkle
( ) 19. A. environmental B. genetic C. emotional D. psychological
( ) 20. A. protected B. planned C. unprotected D. prevented
Fifteen percent of US teenagers aged 12 to 17 who own mobile phones have received nude（裸体）or nearly nude images of someone they know, according to a survey released on Tuesday.
Only four percent of mobile phone-owning 1in that age group have sent sexually suggestive pictures of themselves, a practice known as "sexting," 2the Pew Research Center’s Internet & American Life Project.
The Pew survey found that girls and boys were equally as likely to have sent a suggestive picture to 3 person and4teenagers were more likely to have engaged in "sexting."
Eight percent of 17-year-olds with mobile phones have sent a sexually provocative（刺激的） image 5texting and 30 percent have6a nude or nearly nude image on their phone.
Only four percent of 12-year-olds have sent suggestive images of 7.
Amanda Lenhart, a senior research specialist at Pew and the author of the report, said sexually suggestive images have become a 8of "relationship currency" for teens.
"These images are 9 as a part of or instead of sexual activity, or as a way of starting or 10 a relationship with a significant other," she said. "And they are also passed11to friends for their entertainment value, as a joke or for 12."
"The desire for risk-taking and sexual exploration during the teenage years13with a constant connection via mobile devices creates a 'perfect storm' for sexting," said Lenhart.
"Teenagers have always grappled with issues around sex and 14, but their coming-of-age mistakes transgressions have never been so easily 15and stored for others to see," she added.
The survey found that teens with unlimited text messaging plans were more likely to receive "sexts" 16images of people they know. About 75 percent of mobile phone owning teens have unlimited plans.
Among this group, Pew said 18 percent reporting receiving "sexts" 17 with eight percent of teens on 18data plans and three percent of teens who pay per message.
According to Pew, 58 percent of 12-year-olds own a mobile phone and 83 percent teens aged 17 19.
Pew noted that a number of US states are grappling with how to20"sexting" among minors and some legislatures(立法机关) have stepped in to consider laws that would downgrade charges from felonies（重罪） to misdemeanors（轻罪）.
Pew conducted telephone interviews with 800 teens aged 12 to 17 and their parents between June 26 and September 24.
( ) 1. A. teens B. adults C. students D. parents
( ) 2. A. referring to B. reporting C. saying D. according to
( ) 3. A. other B. another C. others D. the other
( ) 4. A. younger B. fewer C. older D. more
( ) 5. A. by B. in C. on D. through
( ) 6. A. accepted B. received C. sent D. mailed
( ) 7. A. others B. themselves C. himself D. herself
( ) 8. A. habit B. system C. method D. form
( ) 9. A. shared B. limited C. tasted D. controlled
( ) 10. A. remaining B. gaining C. maintaining D. obtain
( ) 11. A. along B. by C. as D. for
( ) 12. A. joy B. fun C. excitement D. delight
( ) 13. A. compared B. followed C. combined D. went
( ) 14. A. friendships B. scholarships C. relatives D. relationships
( ) 15. A. transmitted B. transformed C. formed D. switched
( ) 16. A. containing B. concluding C. including D. concerning
( ) 17. A. comparing B. compared C. connected D. joined
( ) 18. A. limited B. unlimited C. few D. little
( ) 19. A. have B. same C. do D. too
( ) 20. A. do with B. deal with C. remove D. ban
Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for their children, but experts now have identified a related threat to children's health that isn't as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke。
That's the term being 1to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging(依附) to smokers' hair and 2, not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining 3heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in, 4if they're crawling or playing on the floor。
Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to 5these chemicals in a new study that 6on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the 7issue of the journal Pediatrics。
"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad,8they don't know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。
"When their kids are 9the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and 10, and they think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their 11. We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren't 12."
The study reported on 13toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were 14that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers 15with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent's cigarette can 16the health of infants and children"。
But 17fewer of those surveyed were aware of the 18of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room 19where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。
Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that 20, which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。
( ) 1. A. told B. discussed C. used D. mentioned
( ) 2. A. shoes B. clothing C. body D. mouth
( ) 3. A. includes B. covers C. finds D. improves
( ) 4. A. especially B. specially C. immediately D. regularly
( ) 5. A. name B. call C. explain D. describe
( ) 6. A. focused B. tended C. tried D. worked
( ) 7. A. later B. latest C. best D. previous
( ) 8. A. but B. and C. however D. or
( ) 9. A. alongside B. out of C. in D. beside
( ) 10. A. cough B. talk C. observe D. smoke
( ) 11. A. cars B. seats C. kids D. windows
( ) 12. A. visible B. invisible C. poisonous D. concrete
( ) 13. A. policies B. attitudes C. bans D. habits
( ) 14. A. told B. content C. confident D. aware
( ) 15. A. opposed B. agreed C. fought D. connected
( ) 16. A. harm B. destroy C. improve D. confuse
( ) 17. A. quite B. very C. far D. too
( ) 18. A. chances B. risks C. abilities D. conditions
( ) 19. A. tomorrow B. today C. yesterday D. weekend
( ) 20. A. statement B. mark C. discussion D. prejudice
It is said that Abraham Lincoln searched for exactly the right words to say to his audience in that history-making speech that 1 less than three minutes.
Your speech probably won't be as long-remembered, 2you can still strive to give your audience the best speech possible by 3these simple tips:
Write and rewrite the material in your speech until it sounds exactly right to your own ears. Don't use words that are hard to 4 . Avoid technical 5or keep them to a minimum whenever possible.
Remember to use descriptive phrases so your listeners can get a mental picture in their 6of what you are talking about. People don't want to be told, they want to be given a 7picture so they can better understand your words.
Avoid using a lot of statistics that will put your audience asleep in their seats. Keep necessary 8in your speech to a minimum amount.
Humor can be an effective way to 9your audience, Humor can also effectively lessen 10, especially yours. You can use short jokes or personal anecdotes for this purpose. Just make sure your humorous material is appropriate for the audience you are 11to.
Your speech will probably either inform or 12your listeners to take action in order to help a charitable organization, etc. Be sure to include localized information in your speech that meet your audience's specific needs.
Read your speech out loud several times to hear how it will sound to your audience. Practice giving your speech in front of a mirror. That way you can see 13you are going to look to the audience. This technique can help you 14and feel more comfortable.
Make sure to speak a little louder than 15conversation when you are giving your speech so that you can be easily heard by the entire 16, not just the first few rows.
When you are giving your speech to your listeners, remember to 17your speech down a little bit and don't rush through the words.
You can arrange to have helpful visual aids 18before, during, or right after the end of your speech. This way the audience will have written information they can take home with them and 19later.
Remember to be an appreciative speaker and to 20the person or persons who asked you to give the speech. Also remember to thank the audience for listening.
( ) 1. A. continued B. lasted C. broadcast D. went
( ) 2. A. but B. though C. and D. therefore
( ) 3. A. accepting B. following C. copying D. remembering
( ) 4. A. pronounce B. understand C. learn D. listen
( ) 5. A. sentences B. terms C. pronunciations D. meanings
( ) 6. A. minds B. notes C. words D. tapes
( ) 7. A. intellectual B. physical C. mental D. visual
( ) 8. A. information B. terms C. statistics D. words
( ) 9. A. amuse B. control C. persuade D. drive
( ) 10.A. attention B. terror C. sorrow D. tension
( ) 11. A. speaking B. referring C. leading D. owing
( ) 12. A. help B. persuade C. force D. trap
( ) 13. A. what B. how C. why D. where
( ) 14.A. sleep B. rest C. comfort D. relax
( ) 15. A. normal B. later C. previous D. intentional
( ) 16. A. speeches B. actors C. friends D. audience
( ) 17. A. slow B. speed C. stop D. burn
( ) 18. A. checked out B. passed out C. brought out D. left out
( ) 19. A. sell B. review C. throw D. mail
( ) 20. A. thank B. find C. teach D. assist