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When you take a walk in any city, you often see a lot of people walking dogs. It is still true that a dog is the most useful and faithful animal in the world, but the reason why people keep a dog has changed. In the old days people used to train dogs to protect(保护) themselves against attacks by other beasts. Later they came to realize that a dog was not only useful for protection but willing to obey his master. For example, when people used dogs for hunting, the dogs would not eat what was caught without permission.
These days people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks from animals. Why do they keep dogs, then? Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery(抢劫). But the most important reason is for companionship. For a child, a dog is a best friend when there are no friends to play with. For young couples, a dog is their child when they have no children. For old couples, a dog is also their child when their natural children have grown up. So the main reason why people keep dogs has changed from protection to friendship.
67. According to the passage, in the old days people trained dogs ______ .
A.for protection against robbery    B.just for fun
C.for companionship             D.for protection against other animals
68. The word "companionship" may mean ______ .
A. native     B. advice     C. friendly relationship(关系)  D. usage
69. The dogs were used for hunting because ______ .
A. they were good hunters            B. they obeyed their masters
C. they were useful for protection      D. they did not eat other animals
70. The most important reason for people to keep dogs now is they ______ .
A. need companion          B. like children
C. enjoy hunting            D .want to protect themselves
71. We can infer from the passage that ______ .
A. dogs can be helpful to those who need company
B. city people always feel lonely
C. dogs can be boring (厌烦的)
D. the city can be a very dangerous place

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My father was 44 and knew he wasn't going to male it to 45. He wrote me a letter and hoped that something in it would help me for the rest of my life.

Since the day 1 was 12 and first read his letter, some of his words have lived in mybeart. One it aways times out. "Right now, you are pretending to be a time-killer. But I know that one hay, you will do something great that will set you among the very best." Knowing that my dad believed in me gave me permission to believe in myself. "You will do something great." He didn't know what that would be, and neither did I, but at times in my life when I've felt proud of myself, I remember his words and wish he were here so I could ask. "Is this what you were talking about, Dad? Should I keep going?"

A long way frim 12 now, I realize hew would have been proud when I made any progress. Lately, thongn. I've come to believe he'd want me to move on to winat com next: to be nrood of and believe in, somebody else. It's time to start writing my own letters to my children. Our children look to us with the same unanswered question we had. Our kids don't hold back because they're afraid to fail. They're only afraid of failing us. They don't worry about being disappointed. Their fear-as mine was until my father's letter-is of being a disappointment.

Give your chikdren permission to succeed. They're witing for you to believe in them. I always knew way parents loved me. But trust my That elic will be more comlece, that love will be more real, and their belief in the nelces whi be greater if you write the words on their hearts; "Don't worry; you'll do something great." Not having that blessing from their parents may be the only thing holding them back.

1.

We learn from the text that the author.

A.

lost his father when he was young

B.

worked hard before he read his father's letter

C.

asked his father permission to believe in himself

D.

knew execty at thing his father wanted him to do

2.

What does the author tell us in the 3rd passgiaph?

A.

Children need their parents'letters.

B.

Children are afraid to be disappointcd.

C.

His children's fear of failure held them back.

D.

His father's letter removed his fear of failing his parents.

3.

Which of the following is true of the author?

A.

He got no access to success.

B.

He wrote back to his father at 12.

C.

He was surk his parents loved him.

D.

He whce asked his father about the letter.

4.

The main purpose of the text is to.

A.

describe children's thinking

B.

answer some questions children have

C.

stress the importance of communication

D.

advise parents to encourage their children

Have you ever wondered?
1.Why do airplanes take longer to fly west than east?
It can take five hours to go west-east from New York(NY) to London but seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY. The reason for the difference is an atmospheric phenomenon know as the jet(喷射) stream. The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic. The planes movement a constams air speed thus go faster in the west-east direction when the air moving with the wind than in the opposite direction.
2 What would happen if the gravity on Earth was suddenly turned off?
Supposing we could magically turn off gravity. Would buildings and other structures float away? What happened would depend on how strongly the things were attached to the Earth. The Earth is moving at quite a speed moving at over a thousand miles per hour. If you turn something round your head on a string, it goes around in a circle until you let go of the strong go of the string. Things not attacked to the Earth would fly off in a straight line . People in buildings would suddenly shoot upwards at a great speed until they hit the ceiling. Most things would fly off into space.

1.

What information coa we get from the first passage?

A.

tis the iet stoomn that affeets how fast airplanes fly.

B.

Planes go slower when they are moving with the wind.

C.

It takes more time to fly from NY to London than from London to NY.

D.

The jet stream always blows from the east to the west across the Atantic.

2.

The word"shoot"underlined in the 2nd passage probably means"".

A.

send for

B.

move quickly

C.

come out

D.

grow quickly

3.

It can be interred that without gravity.

A.

buildings and other structures would float away

B.

trees and buildings would not so easily fly off

C.

something around your head would not float away

D.

everything outside buildings would fly off into space

4.

Where can wemost probably read this text?

A.

In s research paper

B.

In a tort story.

C.

In a travel magazine.

D.

In a student's book.

American cities are similar to other cities around the world:In every country, cities reflect the values of the culture.American cities are changing, just as American society is changing.

After World War ?, the population of most large American cities decreased; however, the population in many Sun Belt cities increased.Los Angeles and Houston are cities where population shifts(转移)to and from the city reflects the changing values of American society.In the late 1940s and early 1950s,city residents(居民)became wealthier.They had more children so they needed more space.They moved out of their apartments in the city to buy their own homes.They bought houses in the suburbs(郊区).

Now things are changing.The children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now adults.Many, unlike their parents, want to live in the cities.They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the Northeast and Midwest.Many young professionals are moving back into the city.They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there; or they just enjoy the excitement and possibilities that the city offers.

This population shiftis bringing problems as well as benefits.Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apartments for sale instead of for rent.In the 1950s, many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs; now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the cities.

Only a few years ago, people thought that the older American cities were dying.Some city residents now see a bright, new future.Others see only problems and conflicts.One thing is sure:many dying cities are alive again.

1.

What does the author think of cities all over the world?

A.

They are alive.

B.

They are hopeless.

C.

They are similar.

D.

They are different.

2.

Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?

A.

Because older American cities were dying.

B.

Because they were richer and needed more space.

C.

Because cities contained the wont pare of society.

D.

Because they could hardly afford a live in the city.

3.

According to the 4th paragraph, a great many poor people in American cities.

A.

are faced with housing problems

B.

are forced to move to the suburbs

C.

want to sell their buildings

D.

need more money for daily expenses

4.

We ear comude from the text that.

A.

American cities are changing far the worse

B.

people have different views on American cities

C.

many people are now moving from American cities

D.

the population is decreasing in older American cities

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in lvera, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company's head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much lareer than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.

By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.

Camilllo's son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduecd a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and desion specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and the calculators(计算器).In 1959 it prodyced the ELLA computer system. This was the first mainframe(主机)computer designed and brade in Italy.

After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems. Other companies, especially the Janpanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.

In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marking and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. Soon it became one, of the world's leading companies in informationg technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group --- one for personal computers,one for other office equipment, one for systerms and servicse, and two for telecommunications.

1.

From the text we learn that.

A.

by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 typewriters a year

B.

Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s

C.

some of Olivetti,s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy

D.

Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning

2.

What was probably the direct result of Olivetti,s falling behind in electronic technology?

A.

A dtiano's death.

B.

A period of financial problem

C.

its faster progress

D.

Its agreements with other companies

3.

What do we know about Olivetti ?

A.

It produced the best typewriter in the word.

B.

It designed the word's first mainframe computer.

C.

It exported more typewriter than other computer.

D.

It has five independent companies with its head office in lvrea.

4.

The best title for the text would be.

A.

The Origin of Olivetti

B.

The Success of Olivetti

C.

The History of Olivetti

D.

The Producich of Olivetti

To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.
Common sense is not all that common.
Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?
These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.
Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine.Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,”the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”
And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good”even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?
1. According to tile passage, which of following seems the most human?
A. To search for truth. B. To achieve one’s ideal
C. To make fun of others’mistakes. D. To criticize others for one’s own error.
2.According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s maturity?
A.Doing things his own way.
B.Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.
C.Making as few mistakes as possible.
D.Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.
3.Which of the following is N0T based on common sense?
A.A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.
B.A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.
C.A company’s next move follows a good plan.
D.A lawyer acts on fine judgments.
4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?
A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.
B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.
C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.
D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.
5. What would be the best title for his passage?
A. A Mirror of Human Nature B. To Blame or to Forgive
C. A Mark of Maturity D. Truth or Excuse

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