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Guide dogs help blind people who cannot get around by themselves．Although Yorkshire terriers and poodles are good companion dogs，guide dogs ale chosen from lager breeds(品种)such as German shepherds，golden retrievers，and Labrador retrievers．The young dogs are raised by families until they are eighteen months old．During this time，they get lots of love and attention，but they are also taught to obey．Then the dogs go to a special school where，for four months，they work with a sighted trainer，an individual who can see．The dog forms a close relationship with this person who teaches it how to follow directions such as right，left，straight ahead，and stop．The young dos also learns to watch out for dangerous traffic and wait until it is safe to cross a busy street.
When the dog is two years old，it starts training with the blind person it will live with. The dog and its new owner make many trips from downtown to where the blind person lives so the dog becomes familiar with the normal atmosphere．During the training，a sighted trainer always remains with them. A blind person who is getting a guide dog for the first time will train for about a month. If the individual has had a dog before，the training takes about three weeks．After the training，the blind person depends on the guide dog for between seven and twelve years．At that point，the working dog become a family pet and the owner needs to train with a younger guide dog．
Which breed would NOT be trained as a guide dog?

A．A Yorkshire terrier．	B．A golden retriever.
C．A German shepherd．	D．A Labrador．

What does the guide dog learn to do during the training?

A．Associate directions with food.

B．Play with young children．

C．Stay away from busy streets．

D．Look out for traffic problems．

Who gives the dogs training at the special school?

A．A sighted trainer.	B．Other blind people.
C．A traffic peliceman．	D．The school director．

What’s this passage mainly about?

A．The time spent training a guide dog．

B．The importance of having a guide dog．

C．The process of training a guide dog.

D．The way of choosing a guide dog.

Camp Takajo
Camp Season：June 20，2015 to August 15，2015
Camp Address：60 Takajo Road Naples，Maine 04055 USA
Phone：(207)693-6675
Off-Season Address：34 Maple Avenue Armonk，New York 10504 USA
Phone：(914)273-5020
Camp Takajo provides an upbringing environment for campers ，improving their sense of abilities and self-worth．We provide opportunities to explore all aspects of their personalities，encouraging them to take risks and expand their boundaries．By summer’s end，we hope that our campers can describe themselves in more positive and concrete terms than they did upon arrival．
We can help our boys develop：
Respect for oneself and others
Camp Takajo teaches the importance of making moral choices，forming tolerance and respect for others．Daily team games create all atmosphere of cooperation rather than“win-at-all-costs”．
Courage to face new challenges
Our diverse program of arts and sports provide an opportunity for campers to master skills of each activity．Campers participate in all activities that are offered at camp．Our ropes course and rock-climbing departments allow campers to see the importance of cooperation and perseverance in achieving their goals．
A sense of pride in belonging to a larger group
Campers are part of an age group．Older campers model appropriate behavior as they assume leadership positions．
An appreciation of nature
Our boys have opportunities to explore the natural beauty of Maine and New Hampshire on hiking and，boating．
If you want to get in touch with Camp Takjo on October 15，you should_____．

A．dial(914)273-5020

B．dial(207)693-6675

C．go to 60 Takajo Road Naples，Maine

D．go to New Hampshire

Who are the intended campers of Camp Takajo?

A．Babies

B．Girls

C．Adults

D．Boys

Campers can develop the following character-building skills except_______．

A．cooperation	B．competition
C．perseverance	D．1eadership

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors （因素）tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are similar in many ways, there are fewer situations for people to see the need or the chance for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and clear.
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the non-material aspects, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the simple elements（要素）rather than in the complex ones; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange ones.
Besides, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with a sharp division. This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white fellows.
The underlined part “greater tolerance” in Paragraph 1 probably refers to “________”.

A．quicker adaptation to changing conditions

B．greater willingness to accept social change

C．more respect for different beliefs and behavior

D．greater readiness to agree to different conditions

Why is social change less likely to occur in a society where people are similar in many ways?

A．They are so conservative that they tend to slow down social change.

B．They can easily get what they want in the material aspect of society.

C．They are so used to their conditions that they seldom want to change.

D．They have similar needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty.

Which of the following factors probably tends to promote social change fast?

A．Different points of view.

B．Traditional values.

C．Sharp divisions in relations.

D．Similar appearances.

What is this passage mainly discussing?

A．Two different kinds of society.

B．Consequences of social change.

C．The importance of social change.

D．Certain factors affecting social change.

There are a growing number of pet owners who feed their pets on raw, which means, “uncooked” meat and bones. William Burk, a pet food specialist from the Food and Drug Administration （FDA）, believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the public from health dangers, and that raw meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition that a pet needs every day.
Recognizing how popular these foods are, the FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods which contain uncooked meat for dogs, cats and other pets. The guidelines give rules to protect pet owners and pets from dangers about food safety and lack of nutrition.
Pet owners who feed raw meat and bones to their pets should deal with these products very carefully to protect themselves against possible dangers, says Burk. Just as when you are preparing foods for human beings, use hot water and soap to wash your hands, containers, and surfaces that come into contact with the food. Don’t put your hands near your mouth until you have washed them, and don’t allow your pet to touch your face right after it has eaten raw meat.
“If pet owners choose to feed bones to their pets, they should watch their pets carefully when they are eating bones,” Burk says. “If a pet eats a big piece of bone that won’t pass through its digestive system（消化系统）, it is likely to kill the pet.”
What does William Burk think of feeding pets on raw meat?
A. It’ll make the pet owners sick.
B. It’ll keep the pets’ wild nature.
C. It’s against the policy of tile FDA.
D. It’s dangerous and lack of nutrition.
The FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods with raw meat because ________.

A．pet safety is a serious problem

B．most pets are lack of nutrition

C．feeding pets on raw is popular

D．the quality of pet foods is dropping

Those who feed pets on raw should do some necessary cleaning when ________.

A．preparing raw meat for pets

B．touching the food containers

C．taking their pets out for a walk

D．preparing foods for human beings

What suggestion is given to pet owners in the last paragraph?

A．Pets should be forbidden to eat raw bones.

B．Pets should be kept away from the raw meat.

C．Pets should be checked on their digestive system.

D．Pets should be watched carefully while eating bones.

Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience that was too convenient for my own good: the iPad. Instead of looking at nature, I checked my e-mail. Instead of paddling a small boat, I followed my Twitter feed（推特简讯）. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four newspapers each morning. I was behaving as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation, but my head wasn’t.
So this year I made up my mind to try something different: withdrawal（退出）from the Internet. I knew it wouldn’t be easy, since I’m bad at self-control. But I was determined. I started by giving the iPad to my wife.
The cellphone signal at our house was worse than in the past, making my attempts at cheating an experience in frustration （沮丧）. I was trapped, forced to go through with my plan. Largely cut off from e-mail, Twitter and my favorite newspaper websites, I had few ways to connect to the world except for the radio—and how much radio can one listen to, really? I had to do what I had planned to do all along: read books.
This experience has had a happy ending. With determination and the strong support of my wife, I won in my vacation straggle against the Internet, realizing finally that it was I, not the iPad, that was the problem. I knew I had won when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi-Fi. “I don’t need it,” I said.
However, as we return to post-vacation life, a harder test begins: Can I continue when I’m back at work?
There are times when the need to know what’s being said right now is great. I have no intention of giving up my convenience completely. But I hope to resist the temptation （诱惑）to check my e-mail every five minutes, which leads to checking my Twitter feed and a website ortwo.
I think a vacation is supposed to help you reset your brain to become more productive. Here I hope this one worked.
What do we know about the author’s last summer vacation?

A．He was determined to enjoy the beautiful view.

B．His iPad ruined his plan of finishing a great novel.

C．He felt satisfied that he had stuck to his usual timetable.

D．He hated himself for acting as if he were working on vacation.

What did the author do to keep away from the Internet this year?

A．He handed his iPad to his wife.

B．He cut off his cellphone signal.

C．He refused to cheat in his house.

D．He listened to the radio most of the time.

When back at work, the author will probably choose to ________.

A．stay away from the Internet for ever

B．continue to road more and more books

C．keep control of when and how to use the Internet

D．stop checking what is being said right now completely

What is the author’s opinion of a great vacation in the passage?

A．A vacation is having nothing to do but read all day.

B．A vacation proves that a life of pleasure is overvalued.

C．A vacation is a period of time to do whatever one wishes to.

D．A vacation means a change of pace to make one more creative.