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A
In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it’s a matter of life of death. The time chosen for the call communications its importance.
In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life. For example, if people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the A.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence.
41. If one makes a telephone call at dawn, this would mean ____.
A. the matter is of value            B. the matter is somewhat important
C. the matter requires attention      D. it is a matter of life or death
42. According to the passage, time plays an important role in ____.
A. everyday life      B. school life   C. communications   D. private life
43. According to the passage, the author of the article may agree that ____.
A. it is not appropriate to send your invitation cards only three or four days before a dinner party date in U. S. A.
B. it is impolite to be prompt
C. it is best for one to make telephone calls at night because it costs much less
D. if one is less than 5 minutes late, he has to make a short apology
44. The best title for this passage is “ ____”.
A. Time and tide wait for no man             B. The importance of time     
C. The importance of an announcement        D. The voices of time

科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 容易
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Why do people drink too much, eat too much, smoke cigarettes or take drugs? What’s to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these self-destructive acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist them.
According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.
Think back to the time you took your very first sip (啜饮) of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation (诱惑) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.
Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (讽刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to someday develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.
These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.
What do most people think causes bad behavior?

A.Being forced by others.
B.Not having enough will power.
C.Enjoying their first experiences.
D.Following the examples of their friends.

The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove ____.

A.will power helps develop bad habits sometimes
B.drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagers
C.self-control should be developed when one is young
D.everyone can be challenged by different temptations

In the last paragraph, the author stresses that ____.

A.without self-control, no one can succeed
B.bad habits don’t always lead to bad results
C.applying self-control correctly is important
D.people can develop wisdom from bad behavior

What would be the best title for the passage?

A.My First Sip of Beer B.Do You Have Will Power ?
C.Does Will Power Benefit Us? D.Dark Side of Self-control

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing (挤过去) past someone in a narrow passage, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting (交往) with people in UK.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize (批评) others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.
What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?

A.He thinks it is unnecessary. B.He thinks little of it.
C.He appreciates it very much. D.He thinks it goes too far.

What can be inferred from the passage?

A.German men never treat a woman to dinner.
B.The author think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver.
C.In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job.
D.Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough.

We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.

A.like to fight with each other
B.treat women in a polite way
C.are as generous as English men
D.are unwilling to spend money for women

The author develops the text through the method of ______.

A.making comparisons B.telling stories
C.giving reasons D.giving examples

The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence-other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years,Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru,far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit,bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A ten-year civil war started,which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.
Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact,it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate,which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground;it is a strip mine.When a company strip-mines,it removes the to player of soil.Then it takes away the material it wants.Strip mining totally destroys the land.Gradually, the lovely island or Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968,Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000,Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.
What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?

A.To seek help for Nauru's problems.
B.To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
C.To show the importance of money
D.To give a warning to other countries

What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?
APeaceful and attractive B.Modern and open
C.Rich and powerful D.Greedy and aggressive
The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from

A.soil pollution B.phosphate overmining
C.farming activity D.whale hunting

Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem?

A.Its phosphate mining cost much money
B.It spent too much repairing the island
C.Its leaders misused the money
D.It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

What can we learn about Nauru from me last paragraph?

A.The leaders will take the experts' words seriously
B.The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
C.The island was abandoned by the Nauruans
D.The phosphate mines were destroyed

Like distance runners on a measured course,all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern.
In the first stage of our lives,we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality(活力).
After we grow up,however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.
A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality,yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.
Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body.The lungs become less able to take in oxygen.Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength.The heart loses power and pumps less blood.Bones grow easier to break.
Finally, we meet a stress,a stress that is greater than our physical resistance.Often,it is only a minor accident or chance infection(a disease caused by virus),but this time,it brings life to an end.
In 1932,a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats,simply by cutting back the calories in their diet The reason for the effect was then unknown.
Today, at the University of California at Berkley, Dr.Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats.The result was achieved through a special protein limited diet,which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain.Seagle showed that within the brain,specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging.By changing that chemical balance,the clock of aging can be reset.
For the first time, the mystery of why we age is being seriously challenged.Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.
An average lifetime lasts 75 years,yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life.If we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years.
What does the underlined word “it” refer to?

A.Physical vitality. B.Stress. C.Aging. D.Physical resistance.

Which of the following is not a change of aging?

A.People gradually lose their muscle strength.
B.Bones tend to break more easily.
C.The heart loses power and pumps less blood.
D.The lungs become unable to take in oxygen.

The author believes the following except that

A.human's life pattern is predictable
B.physical fitness can't stop the force of aging
C.human's lifetime will last longer than 75 years
D.all of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body

How did Dr.Paul Seagle lengthen the lifetime of rats in his experiment?

A.By keeping their physical fitness. B.By cutting the calories in their diet.
C.By resetting their clock of aging. D.By limiting the protein in their diet.

What is probably the best title for the article?

A.Two Great Experiments
B.The Mystery of Human Life
C.The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging
D.Ways to lengthen Human Life

Mary Buendia once spent a day in an airplane, looking for a cat. She didn't find it that day. The plane flew around all over the world for three weeks with the cat on board. She finally found it in the cargo hold and sent it home first-class. Another time ,she found two suitcases full of birds from Turkey. But her strangest experience was when she pulled a snake out of a man's pants.
Mary Buendia is an animal health inspector at JFK Airport in New York. She takes care of all the animals that pass through the airport and checks that they are healthy. In the Animal Health Center, there are areas for dogs, cats, reptiles, birds, and fish. There is also an area for very big animals. The biggest they ever had was a black rhino. "It was no problem." she says.
At the center, they receive all types of animals monkeys, wild cats, poisonous spiders. It's impossible for one person to know about all of these, but there are 20 people working with Mary. Among them, they understand how to take care of the animals. She recently had to feed a group of toucans, which are rare birds. "luckily," she says, "there is a supermarket nearby which is open 24 hours. I had to go at 2 a.m to buy bananas.
Mary often works at night. "It's quiet between 1 a.m. and 4 a.m." she says, "because we don't have night flights. We try to give the animals a quiet night." Mary clearly loves her job. "You never know what the day will bring,"she says, and goes off to feed the birds.
The best title of the passage will probably be _____.

A.JKF Airport in New York B.Airport Health Inspector
C.Mary Buendia D.Animal Health Center

Form the first paragraph, we can know that _____.

A.working as an Airport Health Inspector, Mary Buendea has various experiences
B.after the cat was found, it was sent home to New York
C.Mary got frightened when she pulled a snake out of a man's pants
D.Mary was tired of dealing with animals at the airport

We can infer from the passage that _____.

A.Mary often works at night during flights
B.it took Mary a whole day to find a lost cat in an airplane
C.only healthy animals can be permitted to go aboard the airplane
D.Mary knows everything about the animals by working with 20 other people

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