笫三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下-优题课

As you can see in the following list, there is a rainbow of colors in the sky represented by the planets.

Planet	Color
Mercury（水星）	Orange
Venus（金星） 0）	Yellow
Earth	Blue, brown, green
Mars	Red
Jupiter（木星）	Yellow, red, brown, white
Saturn（土星）	Yellow
Uranus（天王星）	Green
Neptune（海王星）	Blue
Pluto（冥王星）	Yellow

The color of a star is an indication (标示) of its brightness, temperature, and age. Stars are classified into groups. From oldest to youngest and from hottest to coolest, the types of stars are:

		Temperature
Type	Color	Fahrenheit	Celsius
O	Blue	45,000-75,000	25,000-40,000
B	Blue	20,800-45,000	11,000-20,000
A	Blue-white	13,500-20,000	7,500-11,000
F	White	10,800-13,500	6,000-7,500
G	Yellow	9,000-10,800	5,000-6,000
K	Orange	6,300-9,000	3,500-5,000
M	Red	5,400-6,300	3,000-3,500

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune all have rings. Jupiter's rings were discovered by Voyager 1 in March 1979. The rings extend 80,240 miles from the center of the planet. They are about 4,300 miles wide and less than 20 miles thick.
Saturn has the largest, most wonderful rings in the solar system. Saturn's rings are about 41,168 miles wide and 169,800 miles in diameter, but less than 10 miles thick.
In 1977, when Uranus passed in front of a star, scientists found that the light from the star winked several times before the planet totally blocked the star from view. It was due to the rings around Uranus. The rings are thin, narrow, and very dark.
Voyager 2 discovered a series of at least five very faint rings around Neptune in 1989. The rings are made up of particles, some of which are greater than one mile in diameter.
A day, the period of time it takes a planet to make one complete turn, varies from planet to planet. A day on Venus, Mercury, and Pluto is several times longer than a day on Earth. A Martian day is closest in length to our own. The rest of the planets have shorter days than we do.
Length of Day

Planet	Earth Days	Hours	Minutes
Mercury	58	15	30
Venus	243		32
Earth		23	56
Mars		24	37
Jupiter		9	50
Saturn		10	39
Uranus		17	14
Neptune		16	3
Pluto	6	9	18

Among the nine planets, how many may show yellow color?
A. Four. B. Five. C Six. D. Seven.
What is the type of Mars?
A. Type A. B.Type F. C. Type K. D. Type M.
Whose rings are made up of particles around one mile in diameter?

A．Jupiter's.

B．Saturn's.

C．Neptune's.

D．Uranus's.

How long is a day on Mars?

A．Fifteen hours and thirty minutes.

B．Seventeen hours and fourteen minutes.

C．Twenty-three hours and fifty-six minutes.

D．Twenty-four hours and thirty-seven minutes.

People are always talking about "the problem of youth". If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to something basic and agree that the young are after all human beings—people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a beautiful future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him and maybe that is where the rub is.
When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and unknown—that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.
I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dull promise to mean ambitions(卑鄙的野心) or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to important things. All these seem to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. It is as if they were in some sense from outside space and lovely contrast with us suburban people. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be ill-mannered, self-confident, but I do not turn for protection to boring clichés(陈腔烂调) about respect for elders as if the age is a reason for respect. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.
From the text we can see the writer’s attitude towards the young is ______.

A．kind and satisfied	B．considerate and understanding
C．angry and unpleased	D．hopeless and boring

The word "rub" in the last sentence of paragraph 1 is closest to the meaning of the following ________.

A．polishing

B．difficulty

C．future

D．age

One of the things the young are engaged in seeking is that ________.

A．they want people to notice them

B．they want to make great troubles

C．they want to excite people around

D．they want to make some interesting events

The combined sales of the 100 largest foreign investing companies in the U.S. increased by 40% in the two years between 1987 and 1989, and the number has continued to increase steadily. In 1990, South Africa proved to be the largest financial investor in the U.S., controlling about $19.2 billion in sales. The Netherlands and the U.K. follow as second largest investors—and Germany next. New of the list of the top 100 foreign investors are 12 banking and finance and insurance companies—the largest, the Hong Kong-Shanghai Banking Corp from Hong Kong. The number of Latin American companies engaged in business here is growing steadily, often through third country holding companies.
Why are so many firms coming to the U.S.? There are many reasons. One of the greatest attractions, of course, is a market of over 200 million consumers with a high average per capital income. In addition, with the devalued dollar the cost of American labor has declined markedly, relative to many foreign labor costs. Some firms seeking to avoid bureaucratic and/or political pressures at home find the U.S. a politically stable environment in which to work. Many hope they may be able to continue selling to the American market even if the U.S. Government restricts imports further, or if major price changes occur due to currency fluctuations (波动). Many foreigners are attracted by U.S. technology, its modern management methods, its labor saving and mass production techniques.
All the following statements are mentioned in the passage except ______.

A．South Africa controlled about $19.2 billion in sales in 1990

B．in 1989 Hong Kong was the largest foreign investor in the U.S.

C．more and more Latin American companies were engaged in business in the U.S.

D．the combined sales of the top 100 foreign investing companies increased steadily

The most important reason why so many companies come to the U.S. is that _______.

A．the U.S. technology is advanced

B．the environment is politically stable

C．the labor cost there has been reduced

D．the market in the U.S. is very attractive

Which of the following reasons for many firms coming to the U.S. is not mentioned in the passage?

A．Skillful labor force in the U.S.

B．Modern management method.

C．Mass production techniques.

D．Rich American consumers.

The best title for this passage would probably be________.

A．Foreign Investors in the U.S.

B．Why Foreign Investors Like the U.S.

C．Foreign Business Is Growing in the U.S.

D．The 100 Top Largest Companies in the U.S.

Australia has passed regulations that will enable more international students to further their education in the country.
The new measures were released by the Australian Department of Tertiary Education, Skills, Jobs and Workplace Relations in September and will take effect in mid-2012.
As a result, the student visa application process for overseas students has been simplified, and the deposit (押金) required to study in Australia has been reduced. Language requirements for overseas students have also been eased.
Also, overseas students receiving a higher education in Australia will be granted a working visa lasting from two to four years after graduation, as long as they meet the basic IELTS requirement.
"This change will definitely make Australia a more attractive destination for Chinese students planning to study overseas," says Wang Lan, a consultant from Education International Cooperation Group (EIC), a Beijing-based company that provides services to students wishing to study overseas.
However, in the past few years, many of Wang's student clients could not start studies in Australia because they did not meet the language requirements, visa processing took a long time and deposit regulations were tough. The change in policy is good news for the parents of students wishing to study in Australia, Wang says.
A 22-year-old female student surnamed Li, in Beijing, who is planning to do her postgraduate studies in Australia, learned about the policy change several weeks ago.
"According to the previous deposit requirement for my student visa, my family was required to put down 550,000 yuan ($86,850). Now we only need to prepare 410,000 yuan. This is a relief for my parents," Li says.
She also says that the two to four years working visa makes her feel much clearer about her study plans.
"I believe several years of working experience abroad will strengthen my competitiveness when I return to China," she says.
Gaining a competitive advantage is the major reason for Chinese students to study abroad, according to the report by EIC.
What's the main idea of the passage?

A．Language requirement for overseas students have been eased in Australia.

B．Australia is a most attractive place for students in China.

C．More students will work in Australia after their graduation.

D．Australia widens window of opportunity for international students.

Which of the following is NOT the content of the new regulations?

A．Language requirements for overseas students have been more difficult.

B．The deposit required to study in Australia has been reduced.

C．The student visa application process for overseas students has been simplified.

D．After graduation, some overseas students can get a working visa in Australia.

After the new regulations are passed, _______ .

A．more students will come to Australia to work

B．more Chinese students will choose to live in Australia.

C．the opportunities to work in Australia decrease for overseas students

D．more Chinese students will choose to further their education in Australia

Why do many students want to work in Australia after their graduation?

A．They can earn more money in Australia.

B．The working experience abroad will strengthen their competitiveness.

C．Their working experience can make them stay in Australia forever.

D．They have to do so according to the new regulations.

Just as the world’s most respected scientific bodies have confirmed that the world is getting hotter, they have also stated that there is strong evidence that humans are driving the warming. Countless recent reports from the world’s leading scientific bodies have said the same thing. For example, a 2010 summary of climate science by the Royal Society stated that: “There is strong evidence that the warming of the Earth over the last half-century has been caused largely by human activity.”
The idea that humans could change the planet’s climate may be counter-intuitive, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, human activity causes billions of tons of greenhouse gases to be released into the atmosphere. As scientists have known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket.
Of course, the planet’s climate has always been changing thanks to “natural” factors such as changes in solar or volcanic activity, or cycles relating the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific literature, however, the warming recorded to date matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.
Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming observed so far, that would beg a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it in The Rough Guide to Climate Change, “If some newly discovered factor can account for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths –one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.
In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.

A．human activity

B．volcanic activity

C．the Earth’s going around the sun

D．solar activity

The text is developed by ________.

A．giving typical examples

B．following the order of space

C．comparing and finding differences

D．analyzing a theory and arguing it

The underline word “identical” means ________.

A．totally different

B．exactly the same

C．extremely important

D．relatively independent

Which of the following can be the best title?

A．Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?

B．Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?

C．Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?

D．What’s Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?