When you think about math, you probably don’t think about breaking the law, solving mysteries or finding criminals. But a mathematician in Maryland does, and he has come up with mathematical tools to help police find criminals.
People who solve crimes look for patterns that might reveal (揭示) the identity of the criminal. It’s long been believed, for example, that criminals will break the law closer to where they live, simply because it’s easier to get around in their own neighborhood. If police see a pattern of robberies in a certain area, they may look for a suspect who lives near the crime scenes. So, the farther away from the area a crime takes place, the less likely it is that the same criminal did it.
But Mike O’Leary, a mathematician at Towson University in Maryland, says that this kind of approach may be too simple. He says that police may get better clues to the location of a criminal’s home base by combining these patterns with a city’s layout (布局) and historical crime records.
The records of past crimes contain geographical information and can reveal easy targets — that is, the kind of stores that might be less difficult to rob. Because these stores are along roads, the locations of past crimes contain information about where major streets and intersections are. O’Leary is writing a new computer program that will quickly provide this kind of information for a given city. His program also includes information about the people who live in the city, and information about how a criminal’s patterns change with age. It’s been shown, for example, that the younger the criminal, the closer to home the crime.
Other computer programmers have worked on similar software, but O’Leary’s uses more math. The mathematician plans to make his computer program available, free of charge, to police departments around the country.
The program is just one way to use math to fight crime. O’Leary says that criminology — the study of crime and criminals — contains a lot of good math problems. “I feel like I’m in a gold mine and I’m the only one who knows what gold looks like,” he says. “It’s a lot of fun.”
61. To find criminals, police usually _________.
A. check who are on the crime scene
B. seek help from local people
C. depend on new mathematical tools
D. focus on where crimes take place
62. O’Leary is writing a computer program that _________.
A. uses math to increase the speed of calculation
B. tells the identity of a criminal in a certain area
C. provides the crime records of a given city
D. shows changes in criminals’ patterns
63. By “I’m the only one who knows what gold looks like”, O’Leary means that he _________.
A. is better at finding gold than others
B. is the only one who uses math to make money
C. knows best how to use math to help solve crimes
D. has more knowledge of gold than other mathematicians
64. What do you know about O’Leary according to the passage?
A. He is a man full of impractical imagination.
B. He is a man full of self-confidence.
C. He is a man who is talkative but lazy.
D. He is a man who doesn’t like mathematics.
65. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Math could help police find criminals.
B. Criminals live near where crimes occur.
C. Crime records could be used to fight crime.
D. Computer software works in preventing crimes.
The reasons for a person’s becoming an alcoholic have often been debated by psychologists and other scientists. But recent studies suggest that the problem of alcoholism(酒精中毒) should also be the focus of investigation by biologists.
While such things as hard jobs, boredom, and unhappiness can lead to alcoholism, researchers at a prominent university have found that there may also be a genetic factor involved in alcoholism. In the study, children of alcoholic parents were surveyed. The result showed that the children of alcoholic parents were more likely to become alcoholics themselves than were children of non-drinking parents.
This evidence in itself is not conclusive（令人确信的）about anything. After all, it may be the constant exposure（接触）and easy access to alcohol that cause the children of alcoholics to become alcoholics themselves. But there is more evidence. The study found that children born of alcoholic parents but raised by non-drinking foster（抚养的）parents also were susceptible to alcoholism. This group of offspring（后代）was more likely to take up drinking than youngsters who were born of and raised by non-drinking parents.
Other evidence found in the study suggests that environment does not play as important a role in the development of alcoholism as had been previously thought. The study found that the likelihood of alcoholism was better predicted from the characteristics of the parents than from such environmental characteristics as type of job or level of income.
63. What is the main point of the passage?
A. To describe the environment in the development of alcoholism.
B. To study the psychological factor in the development of alcoholism.
C. To describe how the children of alcoholic parents become alcoholics themselves.
D. To describe the close link between genetic make-up and alcoholism.
64. According to the passage, what can bring about alcoholism?
A. Biologists’ investigation. B. Non-drinking parents.
C. Hard jobs, boredom and unhappiness. D. Foster parents’ raising.
65. According to the findings of the study, who would be the most likely to become an alcoholic?
A. A person who had a hard job.
B. A person who was born of alcoholic parents.
C. A person who was raised by drinking foster parents.
D. A person who was born of and raised by non-drinking parents.
66. According to the passage, what should the problem of alcoholism be treated as?
A. A psychological problem.
B. An environmental problem.
C. A biological problem.
D. An educational problem.
When I was quite young, I discovered that somewhere inside the telephone lived an amazing
person - "Information Please" and there was nothing she did not know.
One day while my mother was out, I hit my finger with a hammer. The pain was terrible, but
there was no one home to give me any sympathy. I walked around the house, finally arriving at the telephone! Quickly, I called “Information Please" and told her what happened.She told me to open the icebox and hold a little piece of ice to my finger.
After that, I called "Information Please" for everything. When my pet bird died, I told
"Information Please" the sad story. She tried to comfort me, she said quietly, "Paul, always remember that there are other worlds to sing in." Somehow I felt better.Another day I was on the telephone, “How do you spell ‘grateful’? ". All this took place in a small town in the Pacific Northwest. When I was 9, we moved to Boston.
A few years later, on my way to college, my plane put down in Seattle. I had about half an
hour or so between planes. Without thinking, I dialed my hometown operator and said, "Information, please."
Surprisingly, I heard the small, clear voice I knew so well, "Information." I hadn't planned on
this but I heard myself saying, "Could you please tell me how to spell ‘grateful’?"
There was a long pause. Then came the soft-spoken answer, "I guess your finger must have
healed by now."I laughed. "So it's really still you," I said, "I wonder if you have any idea how much you meant to me during that time."I told her how often I had thought of her over the years and asked if I could call her again. "Please do," she said, "Just ask for Sally."
Three months later I was back in Seattle. A different voice answered me. I was told that Sally
passed away five weeks before.
Before I could hang up she told me that Sally left a message for me—“Tell him I still say
there are other worlds to sing in. He'll know what I mean.”I thanked her and hung up. I knew what Sally meant.
Never underestimate the impression you may make on others. Whose life have you touched
today?
59. What does “Information, Please” refer to in the passage?
A. An amazing girl.
B. A special kind of telephone.
C. A communication system.
D. A service that helps telephone users.
60. What happened to the little boy one day when he was at home alone?
A. He was amused by the telephone.
B. He hurt his finger with a hammer.
C. He found an amazing telephone.
D. He got a piece of ice from an icebox.
61. What did “Information, Please” give the little boy whenever he was in trouble?
A. Information and conversation.
B. Good memories and happiness.
C. Sympathy and information.
D. Friendship and cheers.
62. When did the author get in touch with “Information, Please” again after he moved to
Boston?
A. When he was in trouble on his way to college.
B. When his plane stopped in Seattle for half an hour.
C. When he went back to Seattle to visit his sister.
D. Three months later after he moved to Boston.
Welcome to Cöteborg University
Cöteborg University is one of Sweden’s largest and most popular universities.
We are very proud of this and believe that there are several reasons for our popularity. The principal reasons we believe to be the high quality of our education and research and the broad range of courses that we offer. In addition to this, Cöteborg University provides an attractive and exceptionally（格外的）high-standard study environment. Most parts of the university are situated in the city centre and this enriches city life as well as student life.
Cöteborg has a lot to offer its students: it has a rich and varied cultural life with many theatres, concerts and festivals. For those looking for outdoor life, forests and vast recreation（娱乐）areas are not far away from the city centre; the sea and the archipelago（群岛）are also within easy reach. Industry and commerce are expanding, and have a joint interest with the University in meeting the ever-changing and growing demands of society.
Cöteborg University strives（努力）to be an attractive choice for students from all over the world.
We look forward to welcoming you to Cöteborg University.
56. The main reasons for Cöteborg University’s popularity according to the passage is ______ .
A. the high quality education and research and the wide range of courses
B. the convenient traffic
C. its excellent location and fast developing economical environment
D. famous professors and friendly students
57. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The university is in the city centre.
B. The students can live outdoor.
C. The cultural life of the university is very rich.
D. The University has no interest in growing demands of society.
58. What’s the main purpose of this passage?
A. To bring fame to Cöteborg University.
B. To introduce the wonderful cultural life in Cöteborg University.
C. To declare Cöteborg University’s goal and interest.
D. To attract students all over the world to apply for Cöteborg University.
In search of Mr．or Mrs．Right，dozens of Japanese are attending a new school in Tokyo aiming to turn them into marriage material．
The school offers various classes for brides and grooms at a time when many people in
Japan are either avoiding marriage or are finding it very difficult to hook up with a partner．The school which is open to men and women，teaches students how to talk，walk and present themselves elegantly(优雅)in order to capture the hearts and minds of partners and their parents．who are often a major obstacle(障碍)to successful unions．The school，opened last month.now has about 30 female students．An almost equal number of males have signed up，but those actually coming to class are much fewer than females．
“I had never thought that my boyfriend’s mother could play such a big role in my relationship．but now I’ve realized I need to start thinking seriously about how to impress my future in-1aws，”said Kozue Sugawara，29，who joined the school after her previous marriage plans failed．
Government statistics show nearly two-thirds of women under the age of 34 are unmarried．
despite some 3,800 firms in Japan offering match—making services．The average age of the school’s female students is 30．
“Before，people would find it easy to get married because families and society would connect them in some way，sometimes pushing them to get married．But now，people have too many choices to make up their minds，”said Etsuko Satake，principal of the school．
Instructors provide suggestions on students’dress，posture and even details such as how they CROSS their legs or get out of a car．Men and women are taught different skills，which range from how to set a table well to how to be more emotionally expressive．Students also simulate (模拟)dates，during which their instructors grade their performance and point out what they did wrong．
57．The new school is opened to teach students how to．
A．get along with their parents-in—law B．prepare themselves for their marriage
C．behave and present themselves well D．get back to marriage after divorce
58．Nowadays many Japanese find it more difficult to get married because．
A．they are being forced to marry by parents
B．the society and family refuse to help them
C．they have fewer and fewer partners to make
D．they have too many choices to make a decision
59．Which of the following is true?
A．Successful marriage has little to do with future in-1aws．
B．Most women under 34 find it difficult to get married．
C．The school helps men and women while they are in love．
D．The number of men and women attending class is equal．
20．The undedincd part“Mr．or Mrs．Right”probably means．
A．a person with the family name“Right” B．a person who is always right
C．the righi person one wants to marry D．the couple who never tell lies
Let’s do some sleep math．You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday．On Saturday and Sunday，you slept in，getting four extra hours．On Monday morning，you were feeling so bright—eyed that you only had one cup of coffee，instead of your usual two．But don’t be cheated by your energy．You’re still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness，or what experts call “sleep debt”一in this case something like six hours，almost a full night’s sleep．
Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get．It’s a shortage that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep．“People get more sleep debt gradually without being noticed，”says William C．Dement，founder of the Stanford University Sleep Clinic．Studies show that such short term sleep lack leads to a foggy brain，worsened vision，and trouble remembering．Long-term effects include obesity(肥胖)，insulin(胰岛素)resistance，and heart disease．A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we’re losing one hour of sleep each night——more than two full weeks of sleep every year．
The good news is that，like all debt，with some work，sleep debt can be repaid．Adding all extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up．For the long-term lack of sleep，take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern．
Go to bed when you are tired，and allow your body to wake you in the morning(no alarm clock allowed)．You may find yourself catatonic(有紧张症的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle：expect to have ten hours shut—eye per night；As the days pass，however，the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease．
So earn back that lost sleep and follow the rules of your innate(固有的)sleep needs. You’ll feel better．“When you put away sleep debt,you become a superman,”says Stanford's Dement，talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested．
53．If rou have short-term sleep lack，you may．
A．put on weight B．get heart disease
C．hate eating food D．have a poor sight
54．The example of sleep math is used to show．
A．in what case you build up a sleep debt
B．in what way you can make up for lack of sleep
C．why you are energetic even without enough sleep
D．why you need six hours’sleep every night
55．By saying the underlined sentence，Dement means that．
A．you need a lot of sleep to be a superman
B．you will be in a good state with enough sleep
C．you need to be a superman to repay sleep debt
D．you will become a superman with more sleep debt
56．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?
A．How can you keep energetic? B．What is sleep debt?
C．Can you catch up on lost sleep?D．Can coffee refresh you?