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Sometimes you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don't act on your impulse (冲动), but let it pass instead. You know that to take the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.
Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.
One of the newest taboos is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that people talk about constantly. It's not taboo to talk about fat; it's taboo to be fat. The "in" look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, slim manager to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline and self-respect. After all, how can people permit themselves to become fat? In an image-conscious society, thin is "in", fat is "out".
It's not surprising that millions of people have become obsessed (着迷) with staying slim and "in shape". The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the only reason for people's obsession with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of people has changed since last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people's bodies can easily become weak. In an effort to avoid such a fate (命运), millions of people are spending more of their time exercising. Parks are filled with joggers and bicyclists, and many companies are providing special exercise equipment for their employees to use during the work day.
67. What does the word "taboo" refer to in the passage?
A. A crime committed on impulse.
B. An unfavorable impression left on other people.
C. A strong desire to do something strange or terrible.
D. Behavior considered unacceptable to the society.
68. What does the underlined phrase "in" look probably mean?
A. The fashionable look.                         B. The hidden look.
C. The usual look.                       D. The inside look.
69. According to the passage, the common belief is that _________________.
A. fat people are full of energy
B. thin people are more successful
C. fat people prefer to have fat bosses
D. thin people are less image-conscious
70. People pay more attention to diet and exercise because of _________________.
A. their need to kill time                 B. their love for sports
C. their concern for health                D. their belief in hard work

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The word “conservation” has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such a good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials: most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and could “last forever”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.
Fifty years ago, nature study was not part of school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; wood was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.
For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about correcting the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should be made part of everybody’s daily life. To know about the water table (水位) in ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic math formulas(公式). We need to know why all watersheds (上游集水区) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to give their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, grown trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic立方体的 volume above the earth. In a word, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
The author’s attitude towards the use of natural resources is_________.

A.positive B.uninterested C.optimistic D.critical

According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that________.

A.they had no idea about scientific forestry
B.they had little or no sense of environmental protection
C.they were not aware of the importance of nature study
D.they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials

To avoid repeating the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that ________.

A.we plant more trees
B.natural sciences be taught to everybody
C.environmental education be given to everybody
D.we return to nature

How can you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

A.Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.
B.Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.
C.We need to take some measures to protect space.
D.We must preserve good living condition for both birds and animals.

Students and Technology in the Classroom
I love my blackberry — it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer,as it holds all of my writing and thoughts. Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(设备)and truly communicate with others.
On occasion, I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom, I have a rule — no laptop, iPads, phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.
Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students assume that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion.
I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create. Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.
I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change, I’m sticking to my plan. A few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.
Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with _______.

A.the course material B.others’ misuse of technology
C.discussion topics D.the author’s class regulations

The underlined word “engage ”in paragraph 4 probably means _______.

A.explore B.accept C.change D.reject

According to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may _______.

A.keep students from doing independent thinking
B.encourage students to have in-depth conversations
C.help students to better understand complex themes
D.affect students’ concentration on course evaluation

It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author _______.

A.is quite stubborn
B.will give up teaching history
C.will change his teaching plan soon
D.values technology-free dialogues in his class

Until recently, women in advertisements wore one of three things — an apron, an attractive dress or a frown. Although that is now changing, many women still feel angry about offending advertisements. “This ad degrades women.” they protested(抗议).Why does this sort of advertising exist? How can advertisers and ad agencies still produce, sometimes, after months of research, advertising that offends the consumer?
The ASA, the body which deals with complaints about print media, is carrying out research into how women feel about the way they are pictured in advertisements. Its conclusions are likely to be what the advertising industry already knows: although women are often annoyed by the ads, few feel strong enough to complain.
Women are not the only victims of poor and boring stereotypes(老套)— in many TV commercials men are seen either as useless, childish fools who are unable to perform the simplest household tasks, or as inconsiderate fellows, always on the lookout for an escape to the pub. But it is women who seem to suffer more from the industry’s inability to put people into an authentic present-day situation. Yet according to Emma Bennett, director of a London advertising agency, women are not aggressive or extremely angry about those stereotypes and sexist (歧视妇女)advertising. “They just find it annoying or tiresome.”
She says that it is not advertising’s use of the housewife role that bothers women, but the way in which it is handled. “The most important thing is the advertisement’s tone of voice. Women hate being insincerely praised or given desperately down-to-earth common-sense advice.”
In the end, the responsibility for good advertising must be shared between the advertiser, the advertising agency and the consumer. Advertising does not set trends but it reflects them. It is up to the consumer to tell advertisers where they fail, and the process of change will remain slow until people on the receiving end take the business seriously and make their –feelings known.
Despite recent changes in attitudes, some advertisements still fail to.

A.change women’s opinions of themselves
B.show any understanding of consumers’ feelings
C.persuade the public to buy certain products
D.meet the needs of the advertising industry

According to the writer, the commonest fault of present-day advertising is to.

A.condemn the role of the housewife B.ignore protests about advertisements
C.present a misleading image of women D.picture the activities of men wrongly

Emma Bennett suggests that advertisement ought to.

A.give further emphasis to practical advice
B.change their style rather than their content
C.use male images instead of female ones
D.sing higher praise for women than before

We can learn from the passage that advertising industry should.

A.take its job more eagerly B.do more pioneering work
C.take notice of the public opinion D.concentrate on the products advertised

We would probably all be amazed if we watched a videotape of ourselves performing basically unconscious acts as we go about the business of the day. These unconscious acts consist of all the little personal habits that we don’t even think about, but definitely should. These are some of the things that present an image of who we are to others, and if we are careless in performing them, this image may well be other than we would like it to be.
Parents who insist that their children practice good manners and habits at home are doing them a great service, for these habits then become lifelong and the natural way they do things. It proves true that their unconscious actions will reflect a well-mannered person.
People who, for example, eat with both arms on the table at home will likely do so when out. Those who are lazy and slow in private will certainly be so in public. Children who are permitted to be disrespectful to their parents will follow suit with other adults, and will, most likely, become adults who are disrespectful of others. This is an area where the saying “practice makes perfect” may be applied.
There is an article about the actress, Audrey Hepburn, known for her beautiful carriage and posture. According to her biographer, her grandmother tied her neck to the back of her chair, at table, so that she would not drop down suddenly over her food, but rather would learn to put only small amounts of food on her spoon or fork and bring them to her mouth. This is a rather extreme “at home” method for the development of erect (直立的) posture, but it does illustrate the effectiveness of practicing good habits so that, when in public, they are instinctive.
Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage?

A.Parents should be responsible for their children’s good habits.
B.The actress is well known for her beautiful posture.
C.We should always be aware of our manners.
D.Without good manners, one can never be perfect.

Those who eat with both arms on the table at home ______.

A.will probably change the habit when eating out with their relatives
B.will probably have the same habit when they have meals in the restaurant
C.will feel embarrassed when having meals with so many strangers in public
D.will always put their arms on the table no matter where they eat

The meaning of “practice makes perfect” in the third paragraph is ______.

A.the more practice one has, the better job he will do
B.the more perfect one is, the more practice he needs
C.if one has enough practice, he will become perfect
D.perfect makes a person practice more

Which of the following are NOT true?

A.If we are not careful about our unconscious acts, the images of ourselves presented to others will be quite undesirable.
B.The good habits formed in one’s childhood will benefit him throughout his life.
C.If parents do not care about the disrespectful attitude adopted by their children towards themselves, their children might be disrespectful to others.
D.It is unlikely that a well-mannered person will not embarrass himself in public.

People use their mouths for many things. They eat, talk, shout and sing. They smile and they kiss. In the English language, there are many expressions using the word “mouth.”
For example, if you say bad things about a person, the person might protest and say “Do not bad mouth me.” Sometimes, people say something to a friend or family member that they later regret because it hurts that person’s feelings. Or they tell the person something they were not supposed to tell. The speaker might say: “I really put my foot in my mouth this time.” If this should happen, the speaker might feel down in the mouth. In other words, he might feel sad for saying the wrong thing.
Another situation is when someone falsely claims another person said something. The other person might protest: “I did not say that. Do not put words in my mouth.”
Some people have lots of money because they were born into a very rich family. There is an expression for this, too. You might say such a person, “was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.” This rich person is the opposite of a person who lives from hand to mouth. This person is very poor and only has enough money for the most important things in life, like food.
Parents might sometimes withhold sweet food from a child as a form of punishment for saying bad things. For example, if a child says things she should not say to her parents, she might be described as a mouthy child. The parents might even tell the child to stop mouthing off.
But enough of all this talk. I have been running my mouth long enough.
In what kind of situation will a person say “Do not bad mouth me.” ?

A.When he feels down. B.When he feels regretful.
C.When he is spoken ill of. D.When he feels innocent.

If a person feels sorry for what he has said, he might say “.”

A.Do not bad mouth me
B.I really put my foot in my mouth this time
C.Do not put words in my mouth
D.Stop mouthing off

If a person lives from hand to mouth, it implies.

A.he is badly – off B.he is hard – working
C.he is well – off D.he has enough to eat

By saying, “I have been running my mouth long enough”, the speaker means “”.

A.I have run a long way B.I have been a mouthy person
C.I have learned a lot D.I have talked too much

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