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第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Joanne was stuck in a traffic jam in central Birmingham at 5:30 and at 6:30 she was expected to be chairing a meeting of the tennis club．At last，the traffic was moving．She swung quickly racing to her house. As she opened the door，she nearly tripped over Sheba．
“Hey，Sheba,” she said，“I’ve got no time for you now，but I’ll take you out as soon as I get
back from tennis club.” Then she noticed Sheba seemed to be coughing or choking. Obviously，she could hardly breathe．Immediately, Joanne realized she would have to take her to the vet(兽医)
When she got there，the vet was just about to close for the day. Seeing the state of Sheba，Dr. Sterne brought her quickly into his office．
“Listen，doctor，I’m really in a rush to get to a meeting. Can I leave her with you，and go and get changed? I’ll be back in ten minutes to pick her up，and then I’ll take her on to the meeting with me. Is that OK?”
“Sure.” said the doctor.
Joanne made the quick trip back to her house in a couple of minutes．As she was once more
entering the hall，the phone by the door began to ring．
“This is Dr. Sterne,” said an anxious voice. “I want you to get out of that house immediately,” said the doctor’s voice．“I’m coming round right away，and the police will be there any time now．Wait outside!”
At that moment，a police car screeched to a stop outside the house．Two policemen got out and ran into the house．Joanne was by now completely confused and very frightened．Then the doctor arrived．
“Where’s Sheba? Is she OK?” shouted Joanne．
“She’s fine，Joanne．I took out the thing which was choking her, and she’s OK now．”
Just then, the two policemen reappeared from the house, half-carrying a white-faced man，who could hardly walk. There was blood all over him．
“My God,” said Joanne，“how did he get in there? And how did you know he was there?”
“I think he must be a burglar.” said the doctor. “I knew he was there because when I finally removed what was stuck in Sheba’s throat：it turned out to be three human fingers.”
56.Joanne wanted to get back to her home again______________．
A．to dress up for the meeting B．to phone the police station
C．to catch the badly hurt burglar D．to wait for her dog to be cured
57.From the passage we can infer that____________．
A．Sheba fought against the burglar
B．the police found the burglar had broken in
C．Joanne had planned to take her dog to the meeting at first
D．the doctor performed a difficult operation on the dog
58.The underlined word a burglar in the last paragraph probably means ____________.
A. a cleaner B. a physician C. a thief D. a murderer
59.In this passage, the writer intends to tell us that the dog is____________．
A．clever B．friendly C．frightening D．devoted
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
“Our aim is to take our art to the world and make people understand what it is to move，” said David Belle，the cofounder of parkour(跑酷)．
Do you love running？It is a good exercise，yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one？Like jumping from walls and over gaps and ground rolls？Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale？Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond's wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.
Yes，that's parkour，an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible，getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city，they may jump over fences，run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.
Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds，but its participants see parkour much more than that.
Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy(哲理) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination，go straight，and jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life，to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said，“I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life，my way to do everything.”
Another philosophy we've learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone，at any time，anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of ________.
| A．its cofounder，David Belle |
| B．the film，Casino Royale |
| C．its risks and tricks |
| D．the varieties of participants |
The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．
| A．streets |
| B．objects |
| C．barriers |
| D．roofs |
Which of the following is true of parkour?
| A．It challenges human abilities. |
| B．It is a good but boring sport. |
| C．It needs special training. |
| D．It is a team sport. |
As its participants move around a city，________.
| A．they can ask for help |
| B．they may choose to escape |
| C．they should run to extremes |
| D．they must learn to survive |
Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?
| A．Sports and extremes. |
| B．Excitement and popularity. |
| C．Dreams and success. |
| D．Determination and freedom. |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
(2012年江西卷，D)For those who make journeys across the world, the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages. Distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village. Jet plane fly people from one end of the earth to the other, allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago.
Yet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too far. A price has been paid, they say, for the conquest (征服) of time and distance. Travel is something to be enjoyed, not endured (忍受). The boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the ever-changing sights and sounds of a journey. A journey by train also has a special charm about it. Lakes and forests and wild, open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothing. On board a plane, however, there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow window of the airplane. The soft lighting, in-flight films and gentle music make up the only world you know, and the hours progress slowly.
Then there is the time spent being "processed" at a modern airport. People are conveyed like robots along walkways; baggage is weighed, tickets produced, examined and produced yet again before the passenger move again to another waiting area. Journeys by rail and sea take longer, yes, but the hours devoted to being "processed" at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent. No wonder, then, that the modern high-speed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines.
Man, however, is now a world traveler and cannot turn his back on the airplane. The working lives of too many people depend upon it; whole new industries have been built around its design and operation. The holiday maker, too, with limited time to spend, patiently endures the busy airports and limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days, relaxing in the sun. Speed controls people's lives; time saved, in work or play, is the important thing — or so we are told. Perhaps those first horsemen, riding free across the wild, open plains, were enjoying a better world than the one we know today. They could travel at will, and the clock was not their master. What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 1?
| A．Travel by plane has speeded up the growth of villages. |
| B．The speed of modern travel has made distances relatively short. |
| C．The freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreams. |
| D．Man has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place. |
How does the writer support the underlined statement in Paragraph 2?
| A．By giving instructions. |
| B．By analyzing cause and effect. |
| C．By following the order of time. |
| D．By giving examples. |
According to Paragraph 3, passengers and turning back to modern high speed trains because ________.
| A．they pay less for the tickets |
| B．they feel safer during the travel |
| C．they can enjoy higher speed of travel |
| D．they don't have to waste time being ‘processed’ |
What does the last sentence of the passage mean?
| A．They could enjoy free and relaxing travel. |
| B．They needed the clock to tell the time. |
| C．They preferred traveling on horseback. |
| D．They could travel with their master. |
What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．Air travel benefits people and industries. |
| B．Train travel has some advantages over air travel. |
| C．Great changes have taken place in modern travel. |
| D．The high speed of air travel is gained at a cost. |
C
Researchers are now using three-dimensional, or 3D printing to create models of the human heart to help heart specialists. The heart doctors can use the models to better help patients before an operation.
Surgeons regularly use digital images to explore the heart in close detail. But no two human hearts are alike. This led Matthew Bramlet to create exact heart models from those images. Dr. Bramlet is a pediatric or children's heart expert at the University of Illinois College of Medicine. He says the 3-D models show information he cannot get any other way.
A 3-D printer uses images from a digital display to create a physical model of a human heart. Matthew Bramlet says doctors can use the model, in his words, "to understand the anatomy(解剖) for the first time."
Pictures from medical tests like CAT scan or MRI are sent to a 3-D printer to create a heart in a plaster or clay form. The printer then constructs the heart, thin layer by thin layer. Dr. Bramlet says the model matches the real heart in every detail.
Dr. Bramlet has built model hearts for different kinds of heart operations. All of the operations were successful. In his first case, digital images showed only one tiny hole in a baby's heart. But, the 3-D printed model showed several defects or problems that the baby was born with. Dr. Bramlet says those defects could not be seen easily in the images. The heart surgeon was able to change the type of surgery for the patient based on the 3-D model. He added that 3-D heart models saves time during heart operations.
Matthew Bramlet continues to research the technology. He is working with the National Institutes of Health to build a 3-D library that includes heart models and images that others can use.Researchers use three-dimensional, or 3D printing to__________.
| A．create models of the human heart |
| B．help heart specialists |
| C．make the painting more concrete |
| D．research human heart |
The reason why Matthew Bramlet created exact heart models is that________.
| A．no two human hearts are alike |
| B．surgeons regularly use digital images to explore the heart |
| C．he created exact heart models from digital images |
| D．3D painting is popular |
What does the underlined word mean__________?
| A．failure to win or to realize a goal |
| B．a change or changed state |
| C．the protection of something |
| D．a fault in someone or something |
How does a 3D model form__________?
| A．a 3-D printer uses images from a digital display |
| B．doctors can use the model to understand the anatomy |
| C．pictures are sent to a 3-D printer, the printer then constructs the heart, thin layer by thin layer |
| D．the model matches the real heart in every detail |
What's the main idea of the passage_________?
| A．the use of 3D painting in medical care |
| B．what is 3D painting |
| C．how 3D painting works |
| D．the research of 3D painting technology |
B
Many areas of cropland in Bangladesh(孟加拉国) are becoming unfit for farming. The land is becoming salty. It is a big problem for the small country. More than 155 million people live in Bangladesh. Growing crops is the most common way Bangladeshis support themselves.
Farmers in the country are learning to grow vegetables in so-called "vertical gardens." The soil in these gardens is better because heavy rains have removed much of the salt.
A vertical garden is easy to make. Villagers fill containers with good soil and natural fertilizers. They put the containers on bricks so they are off the ground. They add pieces of the bricks to the soil to help water flow and drain.
The farmers cut small holes into the sides of the containers. This permits vegetables with short roots a place to grow. Vegetables with long roots grow on top of the container. One bag of soil can produce up to eight kilograms of vegetables in one season.
Villagers also grow vegetables in containers made from large, thin pieces of plastic supported by bamboo. This "vertical tower" measures more than a meter wide. Each of these towers can produce more than 100 kilograms of vegetables. It costs about $12-$13 to build.
The village of Chandipur is in southwestern Bangladesh. Pumpkins and other gourds(葫芦) grow on vines on top of small homes. The vegetables get the food they need from soil placed in containers on the ground.
Shobitha Debna is a 35-year-old farmer in the village. Her garden space is very small. But she is able to grow hundreds of kilograms of vegetables each season.
She says she grows gourds, including pumpkin, as well as green beans, red amaranth, beets, carrots, cauliflower and more.
Ms. Debna depends on the vegetables to earn money. She makes a few dollars a day.
This kind of farming is new in Chandipur. But it may spread across the country.The reason why cropland is becoming unfit for farming is that________.
| A．the soil has been polluted |
| B．more and more land is used for planting trees |
| C．the land is becoming salty |
| D．there is too much rain |
Why the soil in vertical gardens is better_______?
| A．because there is much less salt in the soil |
| B．because there is much salt in the soil |
| C．because there is enough water in the soil |
| D．because there is many nutrients in the soil |
From paragraph 4, we can learn that_______?
| A．vegetables with long roots grow in the sides of the containers |
| B．vegetables with short roots grow out of the small holes in the sides of the containers |
| C．vegetables with short roots grow on top of the container |
| D．vegetables in vertical gardens are not productive |
Ms. Debna grows many kinds of vegetables EXCEPT________.
| A．gourds | B．carrots | C．pumpkins | D．cucumbers |
What can we infer from the passage__________?
| A．Many areas of cropland in Bangladesh(孟加拉国) are becoming unfit for farming |
| B．155 million people in Bangladesh are short of food |
| C．This kind of farming may spread across Bangladesh |
| D．Ms. Debna earns a lot of money through selling vegetables |
A
A Swiss airplane powered only by energy from the sun left from Abu Dhabi early on March 9. Its creators hope the plane will make the first around-the-world journey without any fuel.
The plane is called Solar Impulse 2. It has one seat and is made from carbon fiber. The plane weighs only as much as a car but its wings are wider than a Boeing 747. The plane's wings stretch 72 meters across.
Those wings include 17,000 solar units, or cells, that capture the sun's energy. The energy allows the plane to fly day and night.
Two Swiss scientists built the plane. Bertrand Piccard is also an explorer who made the first non-stop flight around the world in a balloon. Andrew Borschberg is an engineer and trained fighter pilot.
The scientists say they are not trying to change the airplane industry. Instead, they want to show that new energy sources and technologies can achieve what some say is impossible.
"We want to show we can fly day and night in an aircraft without a drop of fuel,'' Mr. Piccard said.
Some parts of the trip will require the pilots to be in the tiny plane for five to six days and nights in a row. So it is good that the pilot's seat is also a toilet.
The plane's route begins in the United Arab Emirates. The pilots also plan stops in Oman, India, and China. They will cross the Pacific Ocean, stop in the United States, and continue over southern Europe or North Africa. They plan to arrive back in the United Arab Emirates in late July or early August.
Internet viewers can go to the Solar Impulse website to see the plane's location and listen to broadcasts from the pilots.What does the passage mainly discuss___________?
| A．A new airplane-Solar Impulse 2 |
| B．A Swiss airplane |
| C．The first around-the-world journey |
| D．The airplane industry |
What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2___________?
| A．the weight of Solar Impulse 2 |
| B．the material of Solar Impulse 2 |
| C．an introduction of Solar Impulse 2 |
| D．the wings of Solar Impulse 2 |
Form the passage, what do we know about Bertrand Piccard__________?
| A．He made the first non-stop flight around the world. |
| B．He is a trained fighter pilot. |
| C．He is from the United Arab Emirates. |
| D．He built the plane alone. |
Which one is NOT true_________?
| A．New energy sources and technologies can achieve what some say is impossible. |
| B．The scientists are trying to change the airplane industry. |
| C．The plane's route begins in the United Arab Emirates. |
| D．The pilots plan to arrive back in the United Arab Emirates |
In which part of newspaper can you most probably find this passage____________?
| A．Health | B．Life | C．Travelling | D．Technology |