Let’s do some sleep math．You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday．On Saturday and Sunday，you slept in，getting four extra hours．On Monday morningi, you were feeling so bright-eyed that you only had one cup of coffee,instead of your usual two．But don’t be cheated by your energy．You’re still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness, or what experts call“sleep debt”——in this case something like six hours，almost a full nights’ sleep．
Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get．It’s a deficit(缺乏)that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep．“People accumulate sleep debt gradually without being noticed，”says William C．Dement，founder of the Stanford University Sleep Clinic．Studies show that such short—term sleep deprivation leads to a foggy brain，worsened vision，and trouble remembering. Long-term effects include obesity，insulin(胰岛素)resistance, and heart disease.A survey by the National Sleep Foundation reports that we’re losing one hour of sleep each night一一more than two full weeks of sleep every year.
The good news is that，like all debt, with some work，sleep debt can be repaid. Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up．For the long—term lack of sleep，take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern．
Go to bed when you are tired，and allow your body to wake you in the morning(no alarm clock allowed)．You may find yourself catatonic(有紧张症的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle：expect to have ten hours shut-eye per night. As the days pass, however，the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease.
So earn back that lost sleep——and follow the dictates of your innate(固有的)sleep needs. You’ll feel better．“When you put away sleep debt,you become a superman，”says Stanford’s Dement,talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested．
51．If you have short—term sleep deprivation, ____________.
A．you can think and remember things clearly
B．you can still see everything very clearly
C．you can drive your car easily
D．you may have a poor sight
52．The example of sleep math is used to show____________
A．in what case you build up a sleep debt
B．why you need six hours’ sleep every night
C．why you are full of energy even when you don’t haye enoug sleep
D．you should drink coffee to keep energetic when you don’t have enough sleep
53．The author begins Paragraph 3 with ____________.
A．an order B．a story C．a definition D．an example
54．By saying the undedined sentence in the last paragraph，Dement means ____________
A．a superman always needs a lot of sleep
B．you will be in a good state with enough sleep
C．you can become superman after you repay your debt
D．You will become superman if you don’t make up for sleep debt
55．What might be the most suitable title for the passage?
A．Can you catch up on lost sleep? B．How can you keep energetic?
C．Can you have a good sleep? D．What is sleep debt?
We have met the enemy and he is ours We bought him at a pet shop. When monkey-pox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest suddenly turns up in children in the American .Midwest it’s hard not to wonder of the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing in on human beings. “Most of the infections （感染）we think of as human infections started in other animals “ says Stephen Morse director of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.
It’s not just that we’re going to where the animals are; we’re also bringing them closer to us Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country A strange illness killed Isaksen’s pets and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea “I don’t think it’s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them “says Isaksen
“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing “says Peter Schantz Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call. Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases A new bug（病毒）may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful（有害的）Monkey-pox doesn’t look a major infectious disease But is not impossible to pass the disease from person to personWe learn from Paragraph I that the pet sold at the shop may_______.
| A．come from Columbia |
| B．prevent us from being infected |
| C．enjoy being with children |
| D．suffer from monkey-pox |
Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?
| A．They attack human beings |
| B．We need to study native animals |
| C．They can’t live out of the rain forest |
| D．We do not know much about them yet |
What does she phrase “the wake-up call” in paragraph 3 most probably mean?
| A．a new disease |
| B．a clear warning |
| C．a dangerous animal |
| D．a morning call |
The text suggests that in the future we.
| A．may have to fight against more new diseases |
| B．may easily get infected by diseases from dogs |
| C．should not be allowed to have pets |
| D．should stop buying pests from Africa |
Douglas Grace talks about his ideal city of the future.
I see the city of the future in three zones—inner, middle and outer. In the inner zone there will be no private cars. Public transport will be free and there will only be ambulances, fire engines, taxis and police cars. This inner zone will be the residential (住宅的） and recreational (娱乐的）area of the city. People will live there and go out to enjoy themselves—to cinemas and restaurants. There will be parks and open spaces, trees and lakes, schools and universities. This way, when people are at home, they can go out easily andsafely.
Just outside the inner zone there will be big car parks for all private cars.
The banks and most of the shops and hospitals will be in the middle zone. These are things that people don't need every day.
All the factories and offices will be in the outer zone. People will travel out of the centre to work, and back to the centre in the evenings. The inner zone will be cleaner and better to live in and there will be more space for industry on the outside.
This is my ideal city of the future—a very beautiful place! But I don't really think things will ever be like that!Where will people live and go out to enjoy them-selves?
| A．In the middle zone. |
| B．In the inner zone. |
| C．In the outer zone. |
| D．In the inner and middle zones. |
Where will big car parks be?
| A．Just outside the middle zone. |
| B．Just inside the middle zone. |
| C．Just outside the inner zone. |
| D．Just inside the inner zone. |
What will be in the middle zone?
| A．The banks, hospitals and schools. |
| B．The banks, hospitals and police stations. |
| C．Thebanks, schools and car parks. |
| D．Thebanks, hospitals and most of the shops. |
Where will the factories and offices be?
| A．In the outer zone. |
| B．In the middle zone. |
| C．In the inner zone. |
| D．In the middle and inner zones. |
Douglas Grace is probably __________.
| A．a painter |
| B．a builder |
| C．a town planner |
| D．a dentist |
Of all the things we eat and drink, water is the most important. Not all people realize this, but it is quite true. The human body can live without food for a long time, but two or three days without water usually result in death.
Many people do not understand how much water the human body needs, but many people do not drink enough, especially in the hot weather. Most people drink when they are thirsty but often need more water after exercises.
65 to 75 percent of the human body is water. Water is important in several different ways. Most peopleneed about five to seven litres (升）of water every day, but we need not drink this amount because a lot comes from the food we have. If we don't have enough water, however, we will feel tired and may become ill. Do you know what the best drink is? Yes, you are right：Cold water!Fromthe first paragraph, we can draw a conclusion (结论）that __________.
| A．water is more important than food |
| B．water is as important as food |
| C．water is less important than food |
| D．both water and food are very important |
Do most people drink five litres of water every day? __________
| A．Yes, because water is the most important. |
| B．No, becausewhat we eat contains water. |
| C．Yes, because we can't live without water. |
| D．No, because we are not thirsty. |
How much water is there in the human body?
| A．About three-fourths of the human body is water. |
| B．Nearly a half of the human body is water. |
| C．Less than a half of the human body is water. |
| D．Almost one fourth of the human body is water. |
When do we need more water?
| A．In cold weather or after exfcrcises. |
| B．In hot weather or after exercises. |
| C．Beforebreakfast, lunch and supper. |
| D．When we feel tired or become ill. |
Which of the following is not right?
| A．Cold water is the best drink. |
| B．Few people understand how much water the human body needs. |
| C．All the people realize water is the most important. |
| D．When we feel tired or become ill, we never need any water. |
Send us your old jeans and other denim (牛仔布）！
What Are We Going to Do with All This Denim?
All the denim will be donated(捐赠） to COTTON FROM BLUE TO GREEN.
®. This denim drive is a call-to-action to donate denim and give it "new life"by changing it into Ultra Touchtm Natural Cotton Fiber Insulation(纤维隔热材料），which is used to help build houses in places that have been damaged by hurricanes, tornadoes, and other natural disasters. Your jeans will help set a record, keep clothes out of landfills(垃圾场），and build houses for families to live in! UltraTouchtm is made of 85% recycled fibers and is an environmentally safe, natural cotton fiber insulation.
It's a Fact
It takes about 500 pairs of jeans to recycle enough denim to insulate one average-size U. S. house. So send us lots!
Here's How Yon Can Get Involved ！
1. Get a parent's permission and select as many denim clothes as you like. (Any denim clothing is OK. ).
2. The denim must be used.
3. The denim can be any brand.
4. The denim can be of any color or size but must have been worn by a human. (No doll clothes！)
5. Please print out this form and include it with each package！
6. Send as many jeans or denim items as you wish to： NG Kids P. O. Box 98 001 Washington, D. C. 200 90〜8 001 Jeans must be received by June 30，2011! The activity organizer asks you to send denim clothes to __________.
| A．collect old clothes for being reused |
| B．prevent them from being thrown away |
| C．provide clothes for the homeless |
| D．turn them into new clothes for sale |
The denim clothes that you intend to send __________
| A．can be either new or second-hand |
| B．can be of any shape or color |
| C．must be a certain brand |
| D．can be worn by dolls |
We can infer that UltraTouchtm may be the name of __________
| A．a brand of jeans |
| B．an organization |
| C．a building material |
| D．a kind of cloth |
This activity is probably __________.
| A．a charity (慈善）act |
| B．a school's homework |
| C．a building company's task |
| D．an environmental act |
One of the most exciting and attractive fields of work today is the fashion industry. Some of the most well-known people in this industry are the fashion de-signers with unbelievable financial (金融的）King-doms. But most of the clothes that you wear have been designed by people that the world has never heard of. Although these unknown fashion designers will never make a very large amount of money as their famous workmates, most still would not think of changing their careers. They are doing what they love.
If you spend hours looking through fashion magazines and like making your own clothes, a career as a fashion designer might be right for you. You do not have to go to a design school to become a fashion de-signer, but many people who want a career in this field do. One of the most famous places to study is the Fashion Institute of Technology in New York City. It is located in the heart of the "garment" district on Eighth Avenue, also known as Fashion Avenue.
Becoming a fashion designer is not just a matter of classroom education. Students know that they can-not just leave school and start designing on their own. Many think that they need at least four years' experience working for someone else after they graduate. The best schools encourage students to work closely with the fashion industry while they are still studying.
You need ambition (抱负）and hard work to get a career in fashion. Students often work 12 hours a day. They are encouraged to have realistic ambitions and not to expect success overnight, if ever. Success means finding a job in the fashion industry and more years of hard work. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
| A．Some famous fashion designers can make sl lot of money. |
| B．Most of the clothes are designed by famous de-signers. |
| C．Most fashion designers don't like their own jobs. |
| D．Unknown fashion designers can earn a large amount of money. |
In order to have a career in fashion design, one had better __________.
| A．look through magazines |
| B．go to New York City |
| C．study in a design school |
| D．graduate from high school |
The following can lead to the success of a fashion designer EXCEPT __________.
| A．working with the fashion industry |
| B．realistic ambitions |
| C．hard work |
| D．expectation of success overnight |
Which of the following old sayings shows the writer's opinion about learning fashion design?
| A．Better late than never. |
| B．Experience is the best teacher. |
| C．Well begun is half done. |
| D．Seeing is believing. |
What can be inferred from the passage?
| A．To be a fashion designer, design school education is a must. |
| B．All famous design schools are located in New York City. |
| C．Design school students had better do some practice while studying. |
| D．All students have to work with famous designers first. |