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第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Anchors on China Central Television (CCTV) will need to do some fast talking to replace the popular English acronyms(首字母缩略词) they’re now banned from using. Shanghai Daily reports that “anchors at China Central Television [CCTV] have been banned from saying the English acronyms NBA, CBA, GDP, and the like in their programs.”
The replacement for those handy acronyms? Chinese presenters must use the full Chinese name, standardized by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television.
Although CCTV (oops, we mean China Central Television) presenters must already have a score of at least 94 in their government-rated oral Mandarin proficiency exam, saying the full name of organizations like the CBA or WTO ― 10 and 6 character’s long separately ― is sure to challenge even the most skillful anchors. CCTV sports anchor Sun Zhengping tells Shanghai Daily, “A full Chinese explanation of the English initials must be followed if my tongue slips. It is a little trouble but a necessary one because not every audience member can understand the initials.”
Although the government isn’t giving any official explanation for the shift, it is believed to have to do with a proposal by Huang Youyi, director of the China International Publishing Group, at March’s NPC meeting. In his speech, Huang said, “With more and more publications mixing Chinese with English, measures and regulations should be adopted to avoid English invading Chinese. If we don’t pay attention and don’t take measures to stop the expansion of mixing Chinese with English, Chinese won’t be a pure language in a couple of years.”
Although China is far from the first country to take measures to protect local languages (the French and Québécois beat them to it by a long way), acronyms are more about saving time than they are about corrupting a language, we would think. Good luck to the CCTV anchors. 
56. CCTV anchors have to “do some fast talking” because they can no longer ______.
A. speak as slowly as they like                    B. mix English into Chinese
C. use shortened Chinese expressions           D. have so much time for their program
57. According the writer, “CBA” is supposed to be replaced with “______” by CCTV anchors.
A. 中国男子篮球甲级联赛                       B. 中国篮球协会全国男女篮球职业联赛
C. 中国篮球联赛                                     D. The Chinese Basketball Association
58. When Sun Zhengping said “if my tongue slips”, he meant “if I _____”.
A. habitually use an English acronym          B. speak a little bit too fast
C. make a mistake in pronunciation             D. say something impolite or improper
59. What’s Huang Youyi’s proposal?
A. Using full English names instead of short forms.
B. Translating Chinese terms into proper English.
C. Avoiding Chinese words mixing into English.
D. Keeping our mother tongue as a pure language.
60. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. China has fallen behind in the matter.      B. The ban is not necessary.
C. Chinese shouldn’t be corrupted.           D. CCTV anchors will have a hard time.

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There are many older people in the world and there will be many more.A limeknown fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries.According to the World Health Organization,by 2020 there will be 1 billion,with over 700 million living in developing countries.
It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries.For example,it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent.It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.
What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk?One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live,the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible,including during old age,to lessen the financial burden on the state.
Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.In some African countries,certainly in Asia,older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge.Yet traditions are fading away daily,which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people.As society changes,attitudes will change.
Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment.Lifelong learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a country’s development.
Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people.Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.
To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort.One thing is sure:there is no time to be lost.
The proportion of older people________.

A.is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries
B.is oneseventh of the population in developing countries
C.will increase much faster in China than in France
D.will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020

According to the passage,which of the following are governments most worried about?

A.The diseases and disability of older people.
B.The longer life and good health of people.
C.The loss of taxes on older people.
D.The increasing respect for older people.

It is stated directly in the passage that older people should________.

A.be treated differently in different cultures
B.enjoy a similar lifestyle
C.be ignored as society changes
D.be valued by the younger generations

Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?

A.Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.
B.Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.
C.Providing free health care for sick older people.
D.Supplying lifelong learning programs to older people.

The author concludes in the last paragraph that________.

A.governments have spent lots of time in solving the ageing problem
B.population ageing is a hard problem,but it needs to be solved urgently
C.people are too busy to solve the population ageing problem
D.much time and effort will be lost in solving the ageing problem

University of Maryland student Ben Simon and his friends couldn’t stand to see good food thrown out on their campus.“We basically noticed that some of the extra food from the dining hall was going to waste at the end of the day.And we met with the dining services and asked them whether it would be okay if instead of throwing out the food we would donate it.And they were on board,” he said.
So 18 months ago,the students began what they call the Food Recovery Network.Each night,volunteers would show up at a campus dining hall to pick up leftovers and deliver them to area shelters and food banks.So far,they have donated more than 23 000 kilos of food that would otherwise have been thrown out.
Nationwide,$165 billion worth of food is wasted each year,according to the National Resources Defense Council.Spokesman Bob Keefe says that is about 40% of the country’s entire food production.“If we can reduce our waste in this country by 15%,we can feed 25 million hungry Americans.That is a huge benefit.That is what programs like this Food Recovery Network are doing,” he said.
Christian Life Center is one of the beneficiaries (受益者) of the students’ efforts.Ben Slye,the senior pastor (牧师),said,“It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time,their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.Each week we are able with this food probably to feed over hundred people.”
The University of Maryland’s Food Recovery Network now has 200 volunteers and the program has expanded to 18 schools across the country.“I want to grow 18 chapters to a thousand chapters within five years.And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America,we want to expand to restaurants and farms.” said Simon.
The volunteers are committed to making that happen.
The dining services in University of Maryland________.

A.threw out good food on the campus
B.supported the volunteers’ job
C.enjoyed the talk with the students
D.donated their leftovers to the poor

Volunteers from the Food Recovery Network________.

A.started the Food Recovery Network two years ago
B.delivered leftovers as well as money to shelters
C.helped to solve the hunger issues in America
D.donated leftovers to avoid food waste

Ben Slye’s attitude toward the volunteers’ effort was that of________.

A.unconcern   B.doubt
C.appreciation D.opposition

We can learn from the text that________.

A.over 40% of the country’s entire food is wasted each year
B.altogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays
C.Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms
D.every college has started the Food Recovery Network

What can be the best title for the text?

A.College Students Rescue Leftover Food
B.Battles Against the Problem of Hunger
C.How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses
D.Waste Problems in University of Maryland

The forces that make Japan one of the world’s most earthquakeprone (有地震倾向的) countries could become part of its longterm energy solution.
Water from deep below the ground at Japan’s tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.
Although Japanese hightech companies are leaders in geothermal (地热的) technology and export it,its use is limited in the nation.
“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy,” said Yoshiyasu Takefuji,a leading researcher of thermalelectric power production.
The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11,2011 caused a reaction against atomic power,which previously made up 30 percent of Japan’s energy needs,and increased interest in alternative energies,which accounted for only 8 percent.
Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy,following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.
For now,geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan,which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.
The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories.Another problem is that Japan’s potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.
“We can’t even dig 10 cm inside national parks.” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric,adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.
Researcher Hideaki Matsui said,“Producing electricity using hot springs is a decadeslong project.We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”
The Earth Policy Institute in Washington,US,believed Japan could produce 80 000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.
Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology,with a 70 percent market share.In 2010,Fuji Electric built the world’s largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.
What would be the best title for the text?

A.Alternative energies in Japan
B.World’s largest geothermal plant
C.Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology
D.Japan thinks of geothermal energy

What percentage of Japan’s energy needs is geothermal energy?

A.About 8%.  B.Below 1%.
C.Around 30%.  D.Over 80%.

According to Shigeto Yamada,the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs________.

A.a change of rules   B.financial support
C.local people’s help D.high technology

Geothermal energy is considered as a longterm program by________.

A.Yoshiyasu Takefuji  B.Hideaki Matsui
C.Shigeto Yamada  D.Yoko Ono

It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that________.

A.the world’s biggest geothermal plant was built by America
B.Japan will not export its geothermal technology
C.the potential of Japan’s geothermal energy is great
D.it is hard to find geothermal energy in Japan

A dentist’s office may not be everyone’s idea of a perfect holiday destination.But a growing number of Europeans are travelling abroad for medical treatment to save money,or maybe to combine a visit to the doctor with some sightseeing,creating a potential but fastgrowing market for traditional tour operators.
“It was simply cheaper for me to go to a dentist in Hungary,” said a 42yearold physical therapist from Berlin.He chose the clinic near Budapest from an Internet advertisement,attracted by hundreds of euros in savings compared with the same treatment in Germany.He was happy to find when he got there that the clinic was clean,the staff qualified and the work thorough.
People travel abroad for medical treatment for various reasons:it’s cheaper,they face a long wait at home,or the treatment they want is not available in their own country.The Britishbased Medical Tourist Company refers about 100 patients a year to hospitals in India for treatments.And Chief Executive Premhar Shah reports rapid growth in demand from customers in Africa,where it can be harder to find wellequipped medical facilities for complex surgeries.
Some patients who have immigrated may prefer to return to be close to their families when they undergo surgery.“People will want to take the opportunity to seek treatment in places where they have relatives who might be able to look after them.I’m seeing that especially with younger people from eastern Europe,” said a professor at the University of Oxford.
For some,there is the attraction of free treatment abroad.British lawmakers have called for tighter checks on patients arriving for treatment,out of concerns that foreign citizens are travelling to Britain to take advantage of the free service.
The global medical tourism market is believed to be worth $40 billion to $60 billion and growing at about 20 percent per year.
The 42yearold physical therapist was satisfied with________in Hungary.

A.the price instead of the service
B.the service instead of the price
C.both the price and the service
D.neither the price nor the service

How many reasons are mentioned to explain why people go abroad for medical treatment?

A.Four.       B.Five.
C.Six.  D.Seven.

According to the article,________for medical treatment.

A.more Africans want to travel abroad
B.more Europeans want to travel to Africa
C.more Britons want to travel to India
D.no one would come to Great Britain

Young people from eastern Europe return to their mother countries for surgery in order to________.

A.get cheaper medical service
B.be looked after by relatives
C.have better medical treatment
D.enjoy free medical treatment

What does the article mainly talk about?

A.Overseas sightseeing.  B.Hospital treatment.
C.Medical tourism.  D.Travelers’ health problems.

A euphemism (from the Greek words eu—well and pheme—speak) is a word or expression that is used when people want to find a polite or less direct way of talking about difficult or embarrassing topics like death or the bodily functions.Most people,for example,would find it very difficult to say in plain language that they have arranged for their sick old dog to be killed.They would soften the pain by saying:We had Ruby put down or We had Ruby put to sleep.Many people prefer to call someone plain than ugly,or cuddly rather than fat.
Euphemisms are an important part of every language,but it seems that English has an evergrowing number of them.The nonnative speaker not only has to make sense of the euphemisms he hears,he also has to learn which euphemisms are appropriate in any particular situation.He might be aware that his American friend needs to use the toilet when she asks where the bathroom (or restroom,or comfort station) is,but he is less likely to guess that his English friend has the same need when he says he has to see a man about a dog.He might have learned,for example,that in the family way is a euphemism for pregnant.If,however,he says to his boss,“Congratulations!I hear your wife is in the family way,” he would be using an expression that is too familiar for the circumstances.
Schools are full of euphemisms.At Frankfurt International School,for example,the special lessons given to students who are having difficulties in their school subjects are called Study Center (in the middle school) and Academic Workshop (in the high school).Teachers rightly do not want to upset students or parents by being too frank or straightforward,and usually choose a softer word or expression to convey the same message.
According to the passage,people use euphemisms in order to________.

A.make themselves understood
B.avoid embarrassment
C.to sound straightforward
D.attract attention

A person who is described as plain and cuddly is in fact________.

A.tall and handsome  B.pretty and slim
C.ugly but tall  D.ugly and fat

When an English lady says she has to see a man about a dog,she might want to________.

A.have her old dog killed  B.see an ugly friend
C.go to the toilet D.see a pregnant woman

The main purpose of Paragraph 2 is to________.

A.stress that euphemisms are an important part of every language
B.inform readers that English has an evergrowing number of euphemisms
C.suggest nonnative speakers use euphemisms as often as possible
D.warn English learners to be careful about the meaning and use of euphemisms

At Frankfurt International School,the students who receive lessons in Study Center________.

A.have poor grades in the subjects
B.do well in school
C.work hard at their lessons
D.prefer to learn more

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