第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
If you see a student napping (打瞌睡) in the library, don't roll your eyes. New research from the University of California, Berkeley, shows that an hour's nap can considerably improve and restore your brain power. Indeed, the findings suggest that a nap not only refreshes the mind, but can make you smarter.
"Sleep not only rights the wrong of extended wakefulness but it moves you beyond where you were before you took a nap." said Matthew Walker, an assistant professor of psychology at UC Berkeley and the lead investigator of UC Berkeley sleep studies.
The latest study suggests that the brain may need sleep to process short-term memories, creating "space" for new facts to be learned. In their experiment, 39 healthy adults were given a hard learning task in the morning~~with broadly similar results, before half of them were sent for their nap. When the tests were repeated, the nappers improved their scores by 10 percent on average after sleeping; the scores of those who didn't nap actually dropped by 10 percent.
The results support previous data from the same research team that staying up all night―a common practice at college during midterms and finals―decreases the ability to memorize new facts by nearly 40 percent, due to a shutdown of brain regions for lack of sleep, said Walker.
"Sleep is needed to clear the brain's short-term memory storage and make room for new information." said Walker. "It's as though the e-mail inbox in your brain is full and, until you sleep and clear out those e-mails, you're not going to receive any more mail."
However, Professor Derk Jan Dijk, the director of the Surrey Sleep Research Centre, said that there was no clear evidence that daytime napping offered a distinct advantage over sleeping soundly just once over 24 hours.
"The sleep-wake cycle is not as fixed as we might think―we have the capability to sleep in different ways, "said Professor Derk Jan Djjk.
"The size of these effects is much more difficult to judge―if I have to learn something, for example, it's easier to do this when I'm feeling awake and ready than when I'm sleepy." he added.
56.According to UC Berkeley's new findings, the benefit of a nap is that .
A.it helps to fix a napper's sleep-wake cycle
B.it makes hard learning tasks not difficult any more
C.it allows the brain to make room for new learning
D.it gives nappers chances to clear out their memory storage
57.Matthew Walker's study shows that___________.
A.learning ability in the morning is usually higher than that in the afternoon
B.extra working hours before an exam can make up for the lack of daily efforts
C.the size of the effects of napping depends on when it is taken
D.staying up late before an exam does not necessarily improve students' exam performance
58.The two research teams mentioned in the text may both agree that_____________ .
A.people's sleep-wake cycle decides the length of midday nap
B.sufficient sleep betters people's learning performance
C.scientific experiments are undependable as the results are often hard to judge
D.the differences in their findings result from different methods applied
59.What can we learn from this passage?
A.Rolling your eyes can stop you from napping.
B.Some people might move themselves when sleeping.
C.College students tend to study late into night before important exams.
D.Sleeping once over 24 hours is much better than daytime napping.
The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues (瘟疫) that flesh receives.
The most widespread fallacy (谬误) of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches (战壕) cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp (奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be dipped with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains- research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killer pills such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms.
36. The writer offered examples to support his argument.
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 3
37. Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?
A. The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.
B. Colds are not caused by cold.
C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.
D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.
38. Arctic explorers may catch colds when .
A. they are working in the isolated arctic regions
B. they are writing reports in terribly cold weather
C. they are free from work in the isolated arctic regions
D. they are coming into touch again with the outside world
39. Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit .
A. suffered a lot B. never caught colds
C. often caught colds D. became very strong
40. The passage mainly discusses .
A. the experiments on the common colds B. the fallacy about the common cold
C. the reason and the way people catch colds
D. the continued spread of common colds
Where to stay in Boswell? The following are some choices for you:
| First Hotel. 222 Edward Road. Tel. 414-6433. Number of Rooms: 120. Price: Single: $ 25; Doulbe $ 35; Special attractions: Airconditioned rooms, French restaurant, Night club, Swimming pool, Shops; Coffee shop and bar, Telephone, Radio and TV in each room, close to the city center. |
| Fairview Hotel. 129 North Road. Tel. 591-5620. Number of Rooms: 50. Price: Single:$ 12; Double: $ 18; Special Attractions: Close to the airport, Telephone in each room, Bar, Restaurant, Garage, Swimming-pool. |
| Orchard Hotel. 233 Edward Road. Tel.641-6641. Number of Rooms: 150. Price: Single: $ 15; Double: $ 20; Special Attractions: Facing First Hotel, European restaurant, Coffee shop, Dry-cleaning, Shops, TV, Night-club. |
| Osaka Hotel. 1264 Venning Road. Tel. 643-8206. Number of Rooms: 180. Price: Single: $ 30; Double: $ 50. Special Attractions: Air-Conditioned rooms, Japanese and Chinese restaurant, Shops, Swimming pool, Large garden. |
49. The number of the room in Osaka Hotel is :
A. 50 B. 120 C. 150 D. 180
50. If a Japanese traveller likes to eat in French restaurant, _______ is the right place for him to go to.
A. 233 Edward RoadB. 1264 Venning Road
C. 222 Edward Road D. 129 North Road
51. Which hotel faces the Orchard Hotel?
A. The First Hotel B. The Osaka Hotel
C. The Fairview HotelD. No Hotel
52. If you want to book a cheapest single room, which number will you call?
A. 414-6433 B. 591-5620 C. 641-6641 D. 643-8206
A gentleman put an advertisement in a newspaper for a boy to work in his office. Out of the nearly fifty men who came to apply, the man selected one and dismissed(解散) the others.
“I should like to know,” said a friend, “the reason you preferred that boy, who brough not a single letter—not a recommendation(介绍信）.”
“You are wrong,” said the gentleman. He had a great many. He wiped his feet at the door and closed the door after him, indicating that he was careful. He gave his seat immediately to the crippled (跛的) old man, showing that he was kind and thoughtful. He took off his cap when he came in and answered my questions immediately, showing that he was polite and gentlemanly.
“All the rest stepped over the book which I had purposely put on the floor. He picked it up and placed it on the table; and he waited quietly for his turn instead of pushing and crowding.
When I talked to him, I noticed his tidy clothing, his neatly brushed hair, and his clean fingernails(指甲). Can’t you see that these things are excellent recommendations? I consider them more significant(明显的) than letters.”
45. A gentleman put an advertisement in a newspaper _____
A. in order to hire an office boy
B. so as to dismiss the others
C. in order to select one among the fifty applicants
D. so as to select one and dismiss the others
46. The underlined word “indicatiing” probably means _______
A. drawing B. saying C. showing D. speaking
47. _______ was the very person the gentleman preferred.
A. He who had many letters
B. He who had no letters
C. He who wiped his feet
D. He who was careful,kind, polite and thoughtful
48. According to the passage, we know that the gentleman hired the boy by________
A. his good manners B. the relationships between them
C. by the feelings D. his letters
Soong Mei-ling was one of the most well-known Chinese women of the twentieth century.
Mei-ling was born in Hainan in 1898, the youngest daughter of Charlie Soong. At the age of 8, she was sent to the United States to go to school, where she did well. She graduated from Wellesley College in Massachusetts in 1917 with a degree in English Literature. Because of her education Mei-ling spoke excellent English.
After graduation Mei-ling returned to China and she met Chiang Kai-shek(蒋介石) in 1920. She married him in 1927 after his divorce. During the war against Japan, Mei-ling acted as her husband’s interpreter and translator. She worked hard to promote the Chinese cause during the war, especially in the United States. In 1943 she became the first Chinese national and only the second woman to speak before the US Congress(国会).
After the defeat(溃败) of her husband’s government in 1949, Mei-ling moved to Taiwan. She lived there until her husband’s death in 1975. She then emigrated to the USA and lived on her family’s estate(别墅) in Lattington, Long Island, near New York. She spent much of time painting.
Mei-ling died peacefully at her apartment in New York on October 23, 2003 at the age of 105.
41. Mei-ling was born in ______
A. 1920 B. 1927 C. 1917 D. 1898
42. After graduation Mei-ling_______
A. went back to China B. studied English Literature
C.. lived in Massachusetts D. spoke little English
43. During the war against Japan, Mei-ling________
A. was her husband’s interperter and translator
B. toured the United States
C. spent her time in Long Island
D. lived in Tai’wan
44. Soong Mei-ling ______
A. was the oldest Soong sister B. loved money
C. died in the USA D. married Dr Sun Yat-sen(孙中山)
Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world. There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature. But new techniques are helping scientists to predict how, when, and where big storms will happen. The more exact scientists’ warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.
Predictions are improving. “We’re gotten better over the years, especially the last few years,” says Phil Klotzbach, a scientist at an American university. How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction. “For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right, ” Klotzbach says.
First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates and rises into the air. As it rises, the vapor（水蒸气）cools and turns back into liquid. This process gives off heat. This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase. It drives the formation of a hurricane.
If wind speeds reach 40 miles per hour, the system is called a “tropical storm”, and it gets a name. At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane.
Hurricanes that hit the US start when a thunderstorm forms off the coast of Africa. Storms also develop over tropical waters in other parts of the world.
On average, 60 or 70 storms form off Africa every year. About 10 of them get names. There are usually about six hurricanes. Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or higher.
The hurricane season lasts from June to November. Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September, and October.
1. According to the passage, hurricanes usually ________.
A. form off the coast of Africa and America
B. travel at 40 miles per hour and get its name
C. cause sea winds to rise and blow over the sea
D. hit parts of the world in summer and autumn
2. The underlined word “evaporates” (in Paragraph 5) probably means “________”.
A. begins to move B. gets lost C. becomes hot D. changes into gas
3. Which of the following about the information of a hurricane is the correct order?
a. The ocean water evaporates and goes into the air.
b. Heat creates energy and causes winds to increase.
c. The vapor cools.
d. The ocean water is warm enough.
e. The vapor changes back into liquid.
f. This course gives out heat.
A. a, d, e, b, c, f B. a, b, c, f, d, e C. d, a, c, e, f, b D. d, a, b, c, e, f
4. According to the passage, the speed of the biggest two hurricanes reaches ______.
A.115 miles per hour B.110 miles per hour
C.75 miles per hour D.95 miles per hour