Most sharks are dangerous. The largest kind of sharks—the whale shark—has small teeth and is quite harmless to people. However, blue sharks, tiger sharks, white sharks and hammerheads are enemies of man.
Man-eaters are always a danger to swimmers in shark waters. Sometimes, though, men have used strange methods when they’re suddenly faced with a shark.
During world War Ⅱ, soldiers and sailors whose boats or planes were destroyed drifted(漂流) helplessly on the ocean in small rafts(筏子). While waiting to be saved, the men had to struggle to stay alive and were often attacked by sharks. In some cases, they had few weapons to protect themselves with. They found that just splashing(溅水) water seemed to help keep the sharks away.
One sailor was swimming for his life in the Atlantic Ocean after his boat had been blown up. He saw a shark swimming towards him. He hit the shark with his bare fist, and that drove it off.
Once, in Australia, a fisherman was fishing after sunset. He hooked a big fish and drew it towards the shore. His line broke when the fish was only a few yards from the shore. The fisherman waded(涉水) into the water to try to catch it with his hands. In the dim light, it looked like the kind of fish that could be dealt with without danger.
He put his arms around the fish and wrestled with it. Dragging it to the beach turned out to be harder than he had expected, but at last he pulled it in. When he turned a light on it, he was amazed. He had caught a shark. It was small for a shark, but it was the man-eating type and was about as long as a tall man.In a word, the best way to deal with sharks is to keep far away from them.
60. The shark that is least dangerous to man is the ________.
A. white shark B. whale shark C. tiger shark D. hammerhead shark
61. This story tells you that sharks are usually ________.
A. friendly B. small C. afraid of people D. dangerous
62. After the Australian fisherman found he had caught a shark, he was _________.
A. surprised B. frightened C. unhappy D. angry
63. This story tells you that the best way to handle sharks is to ________.
A. hit them with your fist B. keep far away from them
C. splash water D. wrestle with them
64. The passage mainly tells us something ________.
A. about fishing sharks B. about sharks
C. how to eat sharks D. that sharks are man’s enemies
How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers—Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we’re almost looking at the problem through a straw,” architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we’re all struggling with.”What does Joan Meyers—Levy focus on in her research?
| A．Light. | B．Ceilings. | C．Windows. | D．Furniture. |
The passage tells us that _____.
| A．the shape of furniture may affect people’s feelings |
| B．lower ceilings may help improve students’ creativity |
| C．children in a dim classroom may improve their grades |
| D．students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed |
The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that _____.
| A．the problem is not approached step by step |
| B．the researches so far have faults in themselves |
| C．the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect |
| D．research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns |
.Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要点） C: Conclusion
A
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What do we know about 1234 PENS?
| A．It has a history of over 30 years. |
| B．It has built up a large pen market. |
| C．It has its name printed on each pen. |
| D．It charges a low price for extra service. |
What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?
| A．The different types of the products. |
| B．The high quality of the products. |
| C．The quick service of 1234 PENS. |
| D．The trade shows of 1234 PENS. |
What is special about the pens produced in 1234 PENS?
| A．They are designed in 16 styles. |
| B．They come in 48 different colours. |
| C．Their material is less harmful to the earth. |
| D．Their price is much lower in the pen market. |
The main purpose of the passage is to _____.
| A．persuade people to order the products |
| B．explain the process of making logo pens |
| C．show people how to choose different pens |
| D．introduce the different services of 1234 PENS |
This brief book is aimed at high school students, but speaks to anyone learning at any stage of life．
Its formal, serious style closely matches its content, a school-masterly book on schooling．The author, W．H．Armstrong, starts with the basics: reading and writing．In his opinion, reading doesn’t just mean recognizing each word on the page; it means taking in the information, digesting it and incorporating it into oneself just as one digests a sandwich and makes it a part of himself．The goal is to bring the information back to life, not just to treat it as dead facts on paper from dead trees．Reading and writing cannot be completely separated from each other; in fact, the aim of reading is to express the information you have got from the text．I’ve seen it again and again：some-one who can’t express an idea after reading a text is just as ineffective as someone who hasn’t read it at all．
Only a third of the book remains after that discussion, which Armstrong devotes to specific tips for studying languages, math, science and history．He generally handles these topics thoroughly（透彻地） and equally, except for some weakness in the science and math sections and a bit too much passion（激情） regarding history to his students, that was a hundred times more than my history teachers ever got across．To my disappointment, in this part of the book he ignores the arts．As a matter of fact, they demand all the concentration and study that math and science do, though the study differs slightly in kind．Although it’s commonly believed that the arts can only be naturally acquired, actually, learning the arts is no more natural than learning French or mathematics．
My other comment is that the text aged．The first edition apparently dates to the 1960s—none of the references（参考文献）seem newer than the late 1950s．As a result, the discussion misses the entire computer age．
These are small points, though, and don’t affect the main discussion．I recommend it to any student and any teacher, including the self-taught student．According to Armstrong, the goal of reading is to ________．
| A．gain knowledge and expand one’s view |
| B．understand the meaning between the lines |
| C．express ideas based on what one has read |
| D．get information and keep it alive in memory |
The author of the passage insists that learning the arts _________．
| A．requires great efforts |
| B．demands real passion |
| C．is less natural than learning maths |
| D．is as natural as learning a language |
What is a shortcoming of Armstrong’s work according to the author?
| A．Some ideas are slightly contradictory． |
| B．There is too much discussion on studying science． |
| C．The style is too serious． |
| D．It lacks new information． |
This passage can be classified as________．
| A．an advertisement | B．a book review |
| C．a feature story | D．A news report |
Which of the following words can best describe the author’s attitude towards the book_____。
| A．positive | B．neutral |
| C．negative | D．objective |
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it．They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and even cancer．
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time．Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way．Some burst with anger, and scream and yell （大叫）．But others keep their anger inside．They can not or will not express it．This is called repressing anger．
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it．They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones．They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc．In general the person feels excited and ready to act．
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous．They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure．
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger．They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about．If it is, they say, "Do not express your anger while angry．Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably．"
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry．They said that laughter is much healthier than anger．"Damaging emotion" means that _____________．
| A．the emotion is harmless | B．the emotion is harmful |
| C．the feeling is very strong | D．the feeling is hard |
Which of the following statement is right?
| A．If you were angry, you would be cancered． |
| B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered． |
| C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered． |
| D．Anger may cause you to suffer from a cancer． |
Expressing anger violently ________ repressing it according to some scientists．
| A．is not as danger as | B．is more harmful than |
| C．is no better than | D．is much better than |
According to the author, you'd better __________
| A．never be angry |
| B．cool down your anger before you express it |
| C．laugh and laugh when you get angry |
| D．admit you are wrong when you are angry |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The types of anger． |
| B．How to release anger． |
| C．Causes of anger． |
| D．The damage to health caused by being angry． |
The easy way out isn't always easiest．I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal．I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread．Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as Doug left for work．As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything．As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl．Soon there was a sticky dough （面团） covered with ugly yellowish marks．Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face Doug laughing at my work．I went on preparing the rest of the meal and, when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice．He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed．Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise．The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing．Looking out, I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container．When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in our rubbish bin．Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see．I felt cold．But I stepped closer and looked harder．Without doubt it was my work．The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast （酵母） made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing．I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there．I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing--- Doug or me．The writer's purpose in writing this story is ________．
| A．to tell an interesting experience |
| B．to show the easiest way out of a difficulty |
| C．to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman |
| D．to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books |
Why did the woman's attempt at making the bread turn out to be unsuccessful?
| A．The canned orange had gone bad． |
| B．She didn't use the right kind of flour． |
| C．The cookbook was hard to understand． |
| D．She did not follow the directions closely． |
Why did the woman put the dough in the rubbish bin?
| A．She didn't see the use of keeping it |
| B．She meant to joke with her husband． |
| C．She didn't want her husband to see it． |
| D．She hoped it would soon dry in the sun． |
What made the dough in the bin look frightening?
| A．The rising and falling movement． |
| B．The strange-looking marks． |
| C．Its shape． |
| D．Its size． |
When Doug went out the third time, the woman looked out of the window because she was_____．
| A．surprised at his being interested in the bin |
| B．afraid that he would discover her secret |
| C．unhappy that he didn't enjoy the meal |
| D．curious to know what disturbed him |