People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years.The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals.They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain.No one knows why they were painted there.Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.
About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing.They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language.The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.
The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together.When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried.Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories.It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip.But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power.So they did not try to make their way of writing simple.The ordinary people could not understand it.
By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing.The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system.This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language.The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet.The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.
These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures.But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams.We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work.Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.
Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because ______.
A.the hunters wanted to see the pictures |
B.the painters were animal lovers |
C.the painters wanted to show imagination |
D.the pictures were thought to be helpful |
The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that _______.
A.the former was easy to write | B.there were fewer signs in the former |
C.the former was easy to pronounce | D.each sign stood for only one sound |
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet. |
B.The Egyptians liked to write comic-strip stories. |
C.The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian on![]() |
D.The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians. |
In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ___________.
A.should be made comprehensible | B.should be made interesting |
C.are of much use in our life | D.have disappeared from our life |
Decision-thinking is not unlike. It often matters not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. The mental process(过程) is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards, good thinkers.
The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes; there are what he called games of 'perfect information', games like chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks; they don't win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of 'imperfect information', like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.
One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business and life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors(因素), as best poker players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.
49.The subject discussed in this text is _________.
A.the process of reaching decisions
B.the difference between poker and chess.
C.the secret of making good business plans
D.the value of information in winning games
50.An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ___________.
A.rules B.luck C.time D.ideas
51.Which of the following can be used in place of "Quite the reverse"?
A.Quite right. B.True enough.
C.Most unlikely. D.Just the opposite.
52.In the writer's opinion, when making business decisions one should ___________ .
A.put perfect information before imperfect information
B.accept the existence of unknown factors
C.regard business as a game of chess
D.mix known and unknown factors
Excused from recycling(回收利用) because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)? You won't be for long. Miami's Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and recycle too .
In Shantzis' Hi-Rise Recycling System, a chute leads to a pie-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated. The system, which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use, enables glass, plastic, paper, metal, and other rubbish to go into separate boxes.
The system is controlled from a board next to the chute door. The board has a button for each class of recycling materials (as well as for unrecyclables). At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors' chute door and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute. The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables
Sorting(分类) recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment which otherwise has to do the sorting. Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive, so expensive that tons of recyclables remain wasted. Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective.
57.The purpose in writing this text is _________.
A.to encourage people to recycle their rubbish
B.to introduce a recycling system for high rises
C.to describe the use of computer technology in recycling
D.to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rises
58.When he says "You won't be for long" the writer means that _______.
A.you'll soon be living in a cleaner building
B.rubbish chutes will become out of date before long
C.you won't wait long for your turn to recycle rubbish
D.it won't be long before you'll have to recycle your rubbish
59.Before dropping rubbish into the chute you have to ___________
A.lock the other floors' chute doors
B.check if the container is full
C.press the correct button
D.break up the rubbish
60.The biggest advantage of this new system is that _________
A.it readuces the cost of recycling
B.it saves time and space
C.it saves money for people living in high rises
D.it makes better use of the existing recovery equipment
The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal. I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as Doug left for work. As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dong loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough(面团)covered with ugly yellowish marks. realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face Doug laughing at my work, I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing. Looking out, I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in out rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder. Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast (酵母)made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the 'living thing 'was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed(尴尬)by the whole thing ,Doug or me?
44.The writer's purpose in writing this story is ___________
A.to tell an interesting experience
B.to show the easiest way out of a difficulty
C.to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman
D.to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books
45.Why did the woman's attempt at making the bread turn out to be unsuccessful?
A.The canned orange had gone bad.
B.She didn't use the right kind of flour.
C.The cookbook was hard to understand.
D.She did not follow the directions closely.
46.Why did the woman put the dough in the rubbish bin?
A.She didn't see the use of keeping it
B.She meant to joke with her husband.
C.She didn't want her husband to see it .
D.She hoped it would soon dry in the sun.
47.What made the dough in the rubbish bin make the noise?
A.The rising and falling movement.
B.The strange-looking marks.
C.Its shape. D.Its size.
48.When Doug went out the third time, the woman looked out of the window because she was ______________.
A.surprised at his being interested in the bin
B.afraid that he would discover her secret
C.unhappy that he didn't enjoy the meal
D.curious to know what disturbed him
第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分50分)
第一节阅读短文(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
New York, 10 November 5:27pm, yesterday. Biggest power failure in the city's history.
*Thousands of people got stuck in lifts. Martin Saltzman spent three hours between the 21st and 22nd floors of the Empire State Building. "There were twelve of us. But no one panicked. We passed the time telling stories and playing word games. One man wanted to smoke but we didn't let him. Firemen finally got us out."
* "It was the best night we've ever had.," said Angela Carraro. who runs an ltalian restaurant on 42nd Street. "We had lots candles on the tables and the waiters were carrying candles on their trays. The place was full and all night, in fact, for after we had closed, we let the people stay on and spend the night here."
* The zoos had their problems like everyone else. Keepers worked through the night. They used blankets to keep flying squirrels and small monkeys warm. While zoos had problems keeping warm, supermarkets had problems keeping cool. "All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted," said the manger of a store in downtown Manhattan. "They were worth $50,0000."
* The big electric clock in the lobby(大厅) of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in downtown Manhattan started(滴答) again at 5:25 this morning. It was almost on time.
41.Throughout the period of darkness, Martin Saltzman and the eleven others were _________.
A.nervous B.excited C.calm D.frightened
42.In what way was the night of November 9 the best night for Angela Carraro ?
A.She had a taste of adventure.
B.Burning candles brightened the place.
C.Business was better than usual.
D.Many people stayed the night in her restaurant.
43.How long did the power failure last?
A.Nearly 12 hours. B.More than 12 hours.
C.Nearly 24 hours. D.More than 24 hours.
The wedding took place in a Birmingham hotel. The bride and her father arrived in a new black American sports car. Her father looked nervous and uncomfortable in front of the cameras. The bride wore a silk wedding dress. She smiled nervously at the waiting photographers and went to a room on the first floor where she met her future husband for the very first time.
Carla Germaine and Greg Cordell were the winners of a radio station's competition. The aim of the competition was to find two strangers prepared to marry without having met each other. Miss Germaine, 23, is a model. Mr. Cordell, 27, is a TV salesman. They were among the two hundred people who entered for a peculiar(古怪的) "experiment" organized by BMRB radio in Birmingham, England. Greg and Carla were among eight finalists who were interviewed live on radio. They took a lie detector (测谎仪)test and the station also spoke to their friends and family about their personalities. The competition judges included an astrologer (占卜家) who declared that they were suited .
The couple celebrated their wedding with a wedding breakfast and a party for 100 guests in the evening, but not everyone shared their joy. Miss Germaine's mother looked anxious throughout the wedding and Mr. Cordell's parents are reported to be less than delighted.
Organizations, including the marriage guidance service Relate, have criticized the marriage. As one expert put it, "we have enough problems getting young people to take marriage seriously without this. Marriage should always be about love. "
The couples are now on a Caribbean honeymoon followed by journalists. Their other prizes include a year's free use of a wonderful apartment in the centre of Birmingham, and a car. But will it last?
72. How did the couple's parents react to the wedding?
A. The bride's mother shared their joy.
B. The bride's father felt comfortable about the wedding.
C. The bridegroom's parents were quite delighted.
D. The bridegroom's parents were not that joyful.
73. Some experts believe that_______.
A. marriage without the couple's meeting each other first ends up in divorce.
B. young people nowadays are too careless about marriage
C. taking a lie detector test can not solve all the marriage problems
D. most young people take marriage seriously except this couple.
74. One of the prizes for the couple is.
A. to spend their honeymoon wherever they like.
B. to use an apartment free for some time.
C. to have a wedding dress free.D. to own an American sports car.
75. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Two Strangers and a Wedding. B. A Wedding Based on love.
C. A Short-lived Marriage. D. A Well-Matched Couple.