第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题共35分)
第四部分写作 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Attention deficit (不足) hyperactivity (活动过度) disorder is known by the letters A. D. H. D. with A. D. H. D. might have trouble paying attention. They might not seem to listen and might forget things. They might not be able to stay seated or play quietly. They might talk too much and act and speak without thinking about the results of their behavior. These are among the signs named on the web site of America's Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Doctors usually identify the disorder in children. But experts say the behaviors often last into adulthood. Researchers have been looking for the cause or causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Now, a brain-imaging study offers more evidence that could lead to new ways to treat it. Researchers say they observed shortages in the brain's reward system in patients with A. D. H. D. The study found that levels of some proteins were lower than normal. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, says the lack of attention and self-control that mark A. D. H. D. could be caused by problem in the flow of dopamine (多巴胺) . She says people might have difficulty completing an activity if they cannot expect some kind of reward in return. Researchers studied the pathways on which dopamine travels in 53 adults with A. D. H. D. Doctor Volkow says the researchers then compared the pathways to those of 44 adults without the disorder. "There was a lower concentration of dopamine markers in the brain of individuals with A. D. H. D., specifically in the areas of the brain that are involved with reward and motivation. And the dopamine levels were directly linked to the severity, of the patient's inattention" she says.
The study used brain images taken at Brookhaven National Laboratory in New York State. Gene -Jack Wing is chairman of the Brookhaven medical department. He says the finding might also help explain why people with A. D. H. D. are mere likely to abuse drugs or overeat. He says they might be attempting to increase their dopamine levels to make up for the deficits in their reward system.
| Title |
The finding of (76)_____. |
| The (77) _____ of Children with A.D.H. D. |
They are lacking in, (78)_______. Perhaps they don’t seem to listen. Perhaps they are (79 )______. Perhaps they can’t sit for (80)______ or play quietly. They might talk too much and act and speak without ( 81 )______ the results of their behavior |
| The ( 82 ) _____of A. D. H. D. |
Patients with A. D. H. D are (83)______ of the brain's reward system. Levels of some proteins are lower than normal. Levels dopamine are (84)______ as well |
| Reasons of abusing Drugs |
They are trying to (85)______their dopamine |
At the beginning of the 20th century there was a big farm called Hollywood Ranch. It was near Los Angeles in California. A few years later Hollywood was one of the famous places in the world. From the 1910s to the 1950s Hollywood was the film center of the world. Every family knew the names of its film stars—Charlie Chaplin, Greta Garbo, Ingrid Bergman and hundreds more.
The reason why people went to Hollywood to make films was the sun. At first，people made films in New York on the east coast of the United States. But then they heard about Los Angeles where there are 350 days of sun every year. As they made all the films by sunlight，the west coast was a much better place to make films. Also near Hollywood you can find mountains，sea and desert. They did not have to travel far to make any kind of film.
When TV became popular, Hollywood started making films for television. Then in the 1970s they discovered people still went to the cinema to see big expensive films. After about thirty years they are still making films in Hollywood and people watch them all over the world. Hollywood used to be a __________.
| A．cinema |
| B．big farm |
| C．park |
| D．market |
In the 1910s Hollywood became a __________.
| A．famous theater |
| B．good place to have holidays |
| C．film center |
| D．home for stars |
Who was not mentioned as a film star in the passage?
| A．Charlie Chaplin. |
| B．Marilyn Monroe. |
| C．Ingrid Bergman. |
| D．Greta Garbo. |
People went to Hollywood to make films because __________.
| A．it was a beautiful place |
| B．you could find many film stars |
| C．there was a lot of sunlight |
| D．it was a famous place |
Which statement is true?
| A．The west coast was a better place to make films. |
| B．There are no mountains near Hollywood. |
| C．People no longer went to the cinema after television became popular. |
| D．Hollywood began to make films for television after the World War I. |
Some recent surveys show that the health conditions of many white collar employees and office workers are rather dangerous. Death cases among white collar employees and office workers are increasing year by year and these cases are generally believed to have been caused by overwork and spending little time taking rest or doing exercise.
If their offices are within the distance of half an hour's walk, some office workers now choose to go to work on foot. Ms. Deng, who works in a foreign enterprise in Beijing, has been walking to her office for more than six months now. “ I usually have a tight work schedule and can't find time to do exercise. So I choose to walk to work. ” As she said, if the office is not far from home, most women would like to go to work on foot. Walking is good for their health and can help them to keep good figures as well.
Apart from walking to office，one can also find time to do exercise when one is at work. The simplest way is to desert the lift. Mr. Wei, who works in the Passenger Service Department at Shenzhen Airlines, is one of such men who frequently climb stairs. “ I only use the lift whenever I'm with my colleagues or my boss. Otherwise, I would climb stairs instead of taking the lift. ”
In addition, some office workers try to find time to go to a gym at the end of a day. Ms. Sang works in a law firm in Shenzhen. She goes to the gym several times a week when she has the time. “ I go to the gym every weekend. During the weekdays，I will also go there whenever I have the time. ” Ms. Sang and her husband both have a gym membership card for a whole year. The cards cost them 3000 yuan. However, they think it's worth it. Why are death cases among white collar employees and office workers increasing year by year?
| A．Because they overwork for a long time. |
| B．Because they are too busy to have time for a rest. |
| C．Because they hardly have time to do exercise after work. |
| D．All of the above |
How many ways that office workers use to keep healthy are mentioned in the passage?
| A．3. |
| B．4. |
| C．5. |
| D．6. |
If a white collar employee lives one kilometer away from her office , she had better __________ to keep healthy.
| A．walk to her office |
| B．run and then take the stairs to her office |
| C．take a taxi to her office |
| D．ride a bike |
Which of the following sentences can be added between Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2?
| A．Then, what shall office workers do next to prevent death cases? |
| B．What will happen to office workers? |
| C．In order to keep themselves healthy, some office workers now take measures as follows ： |
| D．Walking on foot is the best way for office workers. |
The best title of the passage is __________.
| A．Health Is Very Important |
| B．Office Workers Try to Keep Healthy |
| C．How to Keep Healthy |
| D．Office Workers' Trouble |
British Newspapers
In Britain there are 11 national daily newspapers and most people read one of them every day. There are two kinds of newspapers. One is large in size and has many detailed articles about national and international events. These newspapers are called the serious papers or the quality papers. The other kind, called the tabloids , is smaller in size. They has more pictures and shorter articles, often about less important events or about the private lives of wellknown people. Although some people disapprove (反对)of the tabloids , more people buy them than buy the serious newspapers. The Sun, for example, which is a tabloid，is the biggest-selling newspaper in Britain. The tabloids are sometimes called the gutter press (低级趣味的报纸) And in 1997, some photograph reporters of the tabloids were said to be involved in (卷入)the tragic (悲剧的) death of Princess Diana in France and they were criticized as gossip (饶舌者)reporters by the public.
Most national newspapers in Britain express a political opinion and people choose the newspaper that they read according to their own political beliefs. Most of the newspapers are right-wing, which means they support the Conservative Party (保守党). These are The Daily Telegraph ( serious newspaper ) , The Daily Express，Daily Mail, Daily Star, The Sun and Today ( all tabloids) . Of the other serious newspapers, The Times，the oldest newspaper in Britain，did not formerly have one strong political view but it is now more right-wing. The Independent does not support any political party, and neither does The Financial Times, which concentrates on (集中)business and financial news. The Daily Mirror^ a tabloid) is the voice of the Labour Party. If a newspaper often publishes some articles long enough together with national and international events，we say it's a __________.
| A．financial paper |
| B．gutter press |
| C．tabloid |
| D．serious or quality paper |
The tabloids are __________ received than the serious papers.
| A．better |
| B．less |
| C．more poorly |
| D．worse |
In Britain, most national papers give their voices for __________.
| A．the Labor Party |
| B．the Conservative Party |
| C．neither of the two parties |
| D．both parties |
Some reporters of the tabloids were considered to be __________.
| A．devoted fellows |
| B．national heroes |
| C．radicals |
| D．gossip reporters |
The oldest paper for the Conservative Party in Britain is __________.
| A．The Sun |
| B．The Times |
| C．The Independent |
| D．not mentioned |
Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side. Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more worried about how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road.
“ Millions of animals die each year on the U. S. roads, ” the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots , an endangered wild cat, exist in the U. S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.
“Eco-passages" may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “ These ecopassages can be extremely useful，so that wildlife can avoid road accidents ,” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Protection Society.
But do animals actually use the eco-passages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an eco-passage that went under a highway. This showed that the lions used the passage.
Builders of eco-passages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders (火蜥蜴)and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.
The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal over-pass ！The writer uses the example of "ocelots" to show that __________.
| A．an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents |
| B．the driving conditions have improved greatly |
| C．the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work |
| D．wild animals have become more dangerous |
From the passage, we know an eco-passage is __________.
| A．an underground path for cars |
| B．a fence built for the safety of the area |
| C．a path for animals to cross the road |
| D．a bridge for animals to get over a river |
When the writer says that animals seem "to be catching on" , he means __________.
| A．animals begin to realize the danger on the road |
| B．animals begin to learn to use eco-passages |
| C．animals are crossing the road in groups |
| D．animals are becoming safer |
The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when they are traveling because __________.
| A．wild animals may cause danger |
| B．wild animals may jam the road |
| C．they may kill the animals |
| D．they may see wild animals on eco-passages |
This passage is written to __________.
| A．protect the endangered animals |
| B．call on drivers to be careful when they see animals on the road |
| C．introduce a new way to help protect wild animals |
| D．tell us the main reason for the killing of animals in the U. S. |
Scientists have learned a lot about the kinds of food people need. They say that there are several kinds of food that people should eat every day. They are :(1) green and yellow vegetables of all kinds. ( 2 ) citrus(柑橘)fruits and tomatoes； ( 3 ) potatoes and other fruits and vegetables；( 4 ) meat of all kinds, fish and eggs； (5) milk and foods made from milk ； ( 6 ) bread or cereal (谷类), rice is also in this kind of food ； ( 7 ) butter, or something like butter.
People in different countries and different places of the world eat different kinds of things. Foods are cooked and eaten in many different kinds of ways. People in different countries eat at different times of the day. In some places people eat once or twice a day ； in other countries people eat three or four times a day. Scientists say that none of the differences is really important. It doesn't matter whether foods are eaten raw(生的)or cooked, canned or frozen. It doesn't matter if a person eats dinner at 4 o'clock in the afternoon or at eleven o'clock at night. The important thing is what you eat every day.
There are two problems，then, in feeding the large number of people on earth. The first is to find some ways to feed the world's population so that no one is hungry. The second is to make sure that people everywhere have the right kinds of food to make them grow to be strong and healthy. According to the scientists, which of the following groups of food is the healthiest for your lunch?
| A．Chicken, apples, cereal and cabbages. |
| B．Potatoes, carrots, rice and bread. |
| C．Oranges，bananas，fish and tomatoes. |
| D．Beef, pork, fish and milk. |
It is important for people to eat __________.
| A．three times a day |
| B．dinner at twelve o'clock |
| C．cooked food all the day |
| D．something from each of the seven kinds of food every day |
People in different countries and different places of the world __________.
| A．have the right kinds of food to eat |
| B．cook their food in the same way |
| C．have their meals at the same time |
| D．eat food in different ways |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．People in some places don't have enough to eat. |
| B．There are too many people in the world. |
| C．One of the problems is that no one is hungry. |
| D．The scientists are trying to make people grow to be strong and healthy. |
If there is a Paragraph 4, what do you think is going to be talked about?
| A．When people eat their lunch. |
| B．What to do with the two problems. |
| C．How to cook food in different ways. |
| D．Why people eat different kinds of food. |