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Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
It’s very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck all at once. Or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.
Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. “That’s pretty much settled at this point.” Says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together.
As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs-birds and crocodiles – for possible models, Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.
There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered. Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement.
1. Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by ______.
A. studying dinosaur fossils         B. examining modern animals
C. watching dinosaurs              D. using telescopes
2. What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno?
A. Half of the dinosaurs lived alone.     B. Most dinosaurs moved long distance.
C. Many dinosaurs settled in the north.   D. Some dinosaurs lived in big groups.
3. Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by ____.
A. watching many kinds living relatives    B. studying dinosaurs’ living relatives
C. watching birds flying                 D. working hard in labs 
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the paragraph?
A. Birds hardly pay attention to their young.
B. Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well.
C. Some dinosaurs took care of their young.
D. Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young.

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The sharing economy has grown in recent years to include everything from apartment' sharing to car sharing to community tool sharing. Since 2009, a new form of sharing economy has been emerging in neighborhoods throughout the US and around the world-Little Free Library. The libraries are boxes placed in neighborhoods from which residents can withdraw and deposit books. Little Free Libraries come in all shapes and sizes. Some libraries also have themes, focusing on books for children, adults, or tour guides.
In 2009. Tod Bol built the first Little Free Library as a gift to his mother, who was a devoted reader. When he saw the people of his community gathering around it, exchanging conversation as well as books, he knew he wanted to take his simple idea further. "I think Little Free Libraries open the door to conversations we want to have with each other," Bol said. .
Since then, his idea has become a movement, spreading from state to state and country to country. According to Little FreeLibrary.org, there are now 18,000 0f the little structures around the world, located in each of the 50 US states and 70 countries in Europe, Africa and Asia.
The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries. But an Atlantic article says the little, structures serve as a cure for a world of e-reader downloads . The little wooden boxes are refreshingly physical and human. For many people, the sense of discovery is Little Free Libraries' main appeal. "A girl walking home from school might pick up a graphic novel that gets her excited about reading; a man on his way to the bus stop might find a volume of poetry that changes his outlook on life," says the Atlantic article. "Every book is a potential source of inspiration "
How do Little Free Libraries get their books?

A.Citizens shared them. B.Tod Bol donated them.
C.US government provided them. D.The communities bought them.

Why did Tod Bol want to build more Little Free Libraries?

A.He wanted to promote his idea worldwide.
B.He was inspired by the sharing economy.
C.They can offer neighbors more chances to talk.
D.They are a gift to please his mother.

What does the author of the Atlantic article believe?

A.The Internet has helped to spread Little Free Libraries.
B.Little Free Libraries are physical and human.
C.E-reader downloads are undoubtedly beneficial.
D.Little Free Libraries are more popular than e-reader downloads.

Little Free Libraries attract readers most in that ______.

A.they connect strangers together
B.they are located all over the world
C.they are in various shapes and sizes
D.they may give readers a sense of discovery

Upon entering college, Yang Yi was uncertain about a lot of things. However, the 19-year-old international economics and trade student was certain about one thing: She wanted to participate in animal welfare efforts.
“I'm .always a nature and animal lover," she said. She joined the environmental protection association at her school. Now being president of a group of 25, she leads its efforts to help stray(流浪)cats and dogs by raising money to buy them food and collecting old clothes to make them homes.
However, sometimes the association raises doubts. Some students have questioned whether helping stray animals breaks the laws of nature. "We tried to resolve the controversy," Yang said. “For wild animals, the best way to protect them is to preserve their environment and their natural habitat, and to let them live their own way. However, for animals that depend heavily on humans, such as dogs and cats, the proper way to treat them is to respect them and take care of them." Besides, if not accommodated properly, stray animals can bring threats to public health, as they are the main cause of rabies(狂犬病)in cities. "Now, many young people in China have agreed upon the need to strike a balance between humans and nature. The only problem is how," said Yang. Yang and her fellow volunteers are cautious about what they do to help. For instance, sometimes people feed stray cats human food such as chocolate. But Yang and her friends point that such food can be dangerous to stray cats.
Yang also cooperates with Non-Governmental Organizations to spread animal protection knowledge. One of their recent exhibits was about animals in the entertainment industry. "We are still figuring out the best way to protect animals, but simple deeds such as saying no to animal performances can prevent wildlife from being captured and tamed. Step by step, we'll eventually reach our goal," she said.
Why did Yang Yi join the environmental protection association?

A.She majored in a relevant field.
B.She wanted to protect nature and animals.
C.She was uncertain about her life.
D.She intended to know about animal welfare.

What do the group members do for stray animals?

A.They shelter them with old clothes.
B.They feed human food to them.
C.They train them for entertainment.
D.They donate money to the association.

In paragraph 3,Yang believes that

A.all animals should live naturally
B.young people have known how to balance human and nature
C.stray animals are bound to spread rabies
D.chocolate is not a proper food for stray cats

What does Yang Yi think of her work?

A.Enjoyable. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Awful.

According to researchers, money can buy happiness, but only if you spend it on someone else.
Spending as little as $5 a day on someone else could significantly bring you happiness, the team at the University of British Columbia and Harvard Business School found.
Their experiments on more than 630 Americans showed they were measurably(适度地) happier when they spent money on others---even if they thought spending the money on themselves would make them happier.
"We wanted to test our theory that how people spend their money is at least as important as how much money they earn," said Elizabeth Dunn, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia.
They asked their 600 volunteers first to rate their general happiness, report their annual income and detail their monthly spending including bills, gifts for themselves, gifts for others and donations to charity(慈善机构).
"Regardless of how much income each person made, those who spent money on others reported greater happiness, while those who spent more on themselves did not," Dunn said in a statement.
Dunn's team also surveyed(调查)16 employees at a company in Boston before and after they received an annual profit-sharing bonus(奖金) of between $3,000 and $8,000.
"Employees who devoted more of their bonus to pro-social(有益社会的) spending experienced greater happiness after receiving the bonus, and the manner in which they spent that bonus was a more important predictor(预示) of their happiness than the size of the bonus itself," they wrote in their report, published in the journal Science.
They gave their volunteers $5 or $20 and half got clear instructions on how to spend it.Those who spent the money on someone or something else reported feeling happier about it.
"These findings suggest that very minor alterations(改动) in spending allocations(分配) --- as little as $5 --- may be enough to produce real gains in happiness on a given day," Dunn said.
According to the passage,_____________.

A.the more money you spend on others, the happier you are
B.spending money on others can bring you happiness
C.Elizabeth Dunn is a psychologist from Harvest Business School
D.six hundred volunteers took part in the experiment

The 16 employees mentioned in the passage _________.

A.were given clear instructions on how to spend the bonus
B.had more happiness than the size of the bonus itself
C.experienced greater happiness after receiving their bonus
D.felt happier after they contributed much of the bonus to charities

Dunn’s statement suggested that ______________.

A.those who spent money on others felt happier no matter how much they earned
B.those who spent more money on themselves felt happier
C.people thought spending money could make themselves happier
D.the money spent was as important as the money earned

The best title of this passage is ___________.

A.Experiment on Money Spending
B.Devoting Your Money to Charities
C.Spending Money on Others Makes One Happier
D.Bonus and Pro-social Spending

At first glance, there is little in Horton to attract people. The other nearby towns have much more to offer: Bradfield has its river and historic buildings, while Newtown has shops and entertainment. The buildings of Horton look dirty and unloved. For shops, there is a small supermarket, a few bargain shops, a bakery which, strangely, does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sad-looking flowers. Even so, Horton has several advantages over its neighbouring towns.
Firstly, it has a country park. Four thousand years ago, this was an important fort. There are no historic remains here now, but there are wonderful views over the countryside. On sunny weekends you can often see kids out with their parents, kicking balls or flying kites.
There aren’t many job opportunities in Horton, and the roads to nearby cities aren’t really fast, but there are excellent rail links. You can be in London in an hour and a half, and other cities are less than an hour away. That means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families. Houses in Horton aren’t pretty, but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe, and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds. It has a library, three primary schools and a secondary school, St. Mark’s. It is friendly and offers a wide range of subjects and activities to children of all abilities and backgrounds. The town also has a swimming and a sports centre, and the community halls hold regular clubs and events for people of all ages.
What is the writer’s main purpose?

A.To explain what tourists can do in Horton.
B.To explain why Horton is a good place to live in.
C.To explain why Horton is not as pleasant as other towns.
D.To describe the history of Horton.

Which part of Horton does the writer find disappointing?

A.the shops B.country park
C.transport links D.the schools

Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Horton?

A.plenty of parks and playgrounds
B.historical buildings
C.the quiet and safe streets
D.functional and cheap houses

What advantages does Horton bring to workers?

A.There are plenty of jobs available in the town.
B.You can drive to nearby cities in a short time.
C.You can get to several cities quickly by train.
D.Working conditions are better here than in other towns.

After having worked in the University of Maryland for three years, I got a job offer from another university---Lynn University. I left my letter of offer on my present boss's desk, turned around, and closed the door quietly. I was expecting a call from my boss saying congratulations, which would show her approval of my leaving.
In the afternoon, my boss called me, saying, "Can we meet tomorrow? "That was a good signal. The next day, I met with my boss. She said, 'Nicholas, we want you. What do you want?" I said, "Boss, I deserve a significant pay raise this year due to my outstanding performance. I think I need a 10% pay raise next year as a condition for me to stay here." My boss said, "No problem.''
When I left her office, I called Lynn University and told them that I was going to get a 10% pay raise. They had to give me 10% more than their original pay offer in order for me to accept the job. The new boss told me that he was willing to give me more, but I would feel very bad working at this university with such a high pay. I would win a battle, but I would lose a war. He said, "The problem is that your colleague will earn less than you, so you will feel guilty(内疚)and uncomfortable. But, I can still give you 5% more than the original offer."
I delivered this massage to my present boss, and she told me that she would give me another 5% pay raise if I promised to refuse this new job offer. On top of that, she would strongly support my early promotion(晋升)from assistant professor to associate professor. According to the university policy, you must take at least 6 years to get promoted. That was my third year of employment at this university. After refusing the new job offer, I finally enjoyed both a pay raise and early promotion.
In paragraph 2, what does Nicholas mean by "That was a good signal"?

A.His boss would approve his leaving the University of Maryland.
B.He would leave his present job and work for Lynn University.
C.His boss would talk with him about a possible pay offer.
D.His friends would congratulate him on getting a new job offer.

Why did the new boss agree to another 5% raise when Nicholas asked for 10% the next day?

A.He did not have the right to make such a big pay offer.
B.he did not want Nicholas to earn more than he did.
C.Nicholas was not experienced enough to get such a raise.
D.Nicholas would not feel good for earning too much more than others.

How much pay raise did the author finally get as a result of refusing the new job offer?

A.5% B.10% C.15% D.20%

In the text, the author mainly tells his experience of________.

A.earning a pay raise
B.refusing a job offer
C.applying for a new position
D.making decisions in the workplace

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