If you are lost in the mountains, stay calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown. It will greatly increase your chances of survival(生存). Many people think that preparing necessary equipment and knowing how to use it are very important, but actually eighty percent of mountain survival is your reaction to fear.
Find a hiding place.
Unnecessary labor will make you sweat and make you cold. Find a hiding place around you before trying to start your own construction. If you are in a snow-covered area, you may be able to dig a cave in deep snow for protection from the wind. You should try to hide yourself in the middle of the mountain if possible. Stay out of the valleys ---cold air falls, and the valley floor can be the coldest area on the mountain.
Signal rescuers for help.
The best time to signal rescuers is during the day. Signal for help from the highest point possible--- it will be easier for rescuers to see you, and any sound you make will travel farther. If you take a box of matches and a space blanket (a special blanket for traveling), build three smoky fires and put your blanket --- gold side facing out--- on the ground.
Do not walk away.
It will make finding you more difficult, as search teams will be trying to follow your path and may miss you if you have gone off in a different direction. Searchers often end up finding a car with no one in it.
If you get frostbite(冻伤), do not rewarm the affected area until you’re out of danger.
You can walk on frostbitten feet, but once you warm the area and can feel the pain, you will not want to walk anywhere. Try to protect the frostbitten area and keep it dry until you are rescued.
1. When lost in the mountains, you can increase your chances of survival if you .
A. take a space blanket with you
B. do more physical labor
C. try to find a car immediately
D. walk as far as possible to find help
2. According to the passage, people most probably fail to survive if they _________.
A. do not take enough equipment
B. stay in the middle of the mountain
C. do not keep themselves warm
D. stay in a snow-covered area
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Don’t travel by yourself
B. Mountain traveling is dangerous
C. Don’t get frightened in danger.
D. Avoid going to unfamiliar place
It takes years of school to develop math skills, but learning about numbers starts earlier than you might think. Now according to a new study, at three months, babies have already started acquiring a concept (概念) of “how much”.
Previous research had suggested that very young babies can tell when the number of objects (物体) in a group has changed. But the babies in these studies were simply reacting generally to the fact that something had changed, they suspected.
Researchers of Harvard University studied 36 babies, all three months old. During the tests, each baby wore a hat with sensors (传感器). The babies watched a series of images on a computer screen. They showed the same object, such as a cartoon character. For a while, the number of the objects in the pictures didn’t change. Then the images began to display a different object, or a different number of one of the objects the babies had previously looked at. As soon as something changed, the babies’ brains responded with a specific pattern of electrical signals, which would be recorded by sensors.
By analyzing these signals, the researchers discovered that one part of the brain (near the top on the left side) responded when the object in the image changed. A different part of the brain (lower and on the right side) responded when the number of objects in the image changed. This was not the area of the brain that is involved in attention. That suggests that the babies’ brains are doing more than just reacting to a change in what they’re seeing – they actually seem to be able to tell number changes from other types of changes.
Numbers and amounts are important concepts in our lives. Even though babies are years away from adding, subtracting (减), multiplying, and dividing, their brains seem to be preparing for a time when they finally will.Why were hats with sensors used in the study?
| A．To record the images on the computer screen. |
| B．To remind babies of the changes of numbers. |
| C．To record the electrical activity of each baby’s brain. |
| D．To help babies concentrate on the computer screen. |
What does the underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to?
| A．Babies involved in the study. |
| B．Sensors worn by the babies. |
| C．Numbers marked on the objects. |
| D．Images shown on the computer screen. |
Which part of the brain is responsible for responding to the changes of numbers?
| A．The top. |
| B．The left side. |
| C．The lower and the right side. |
| D．The upper and the left side. |
The last paragraph mainly implies that .
| A．babies are in fact cleverer than they are thought |
| B．it is impossible to understand human brain completely |
| C．numbers play the most important part in people’s lives |
| D．the ability of babies remain a mystery to scientists |
The purpose of the study is to prove that .
| A．math skills should be developed as early as possible |
| B．numbers are easier for babies to judge than images |
| C．babies really do have some sense of numbers |
| D．babies can react differently to what they see |
Vincent Willem van Gogh (30 March, 1853---29 July, 1890) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist artist. He is considered one of the greatest artists with great influence on the greatest artists with great influence on the 20th-century art.
Van Gogh spent his early adult life working for a firm of art dealers. After a brief period as a teacher, he became a missionary (传教士) in a very poor mining region. He did not begin his career as an artist until 1880; however, during the last ten years of his life, he produced more than 2,000 pieces, including around 900 paintings and 1,100 drawing and sketches (素描). He worked only with somber colours until he met Impressionism and Neo-Impressionism in Paris. Van Gogh used their bright colours and style of painting in a uniquely recognizable style. Most of his best-known works were produced during his final two years, when he was suffering from serious mental illness.
In 1890, at the age of 37, van Gogh shot himself in the chest. He died two days later, with Theo, his brother and his best friend, at his side, who reported his last words as “The sadness will last forever”. It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.
Van Gogh’s mother threw away quite a number of his paintings. The only painting he sold during his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, was created in 1888. It is now on display in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, Russia. Several paintings by van Gogh rank among the most expensive paintings in the world. On March 30, 1987 van Gogh’s painting Irises was sold for a record of $53.9 million at Southby’s, New York. On May 15, 1990 his Portrait of Doctor Gachet was sold for $83.5 million at Christie’s, thus setting a new price record.When did van Gogh begin his career as an artist?
| A．At the age of 17. |
| B．At the age of 27. |
| C．In his early adult adult life. |
| D．In his early childhood. |
The underlined word “somber” in Para. 2 means .
| A．colourful | B．different | C．dark | D．bright |
What’s the right order of van Gogh’s life experience?
a. worked as a teacher
b. took up drawing
c. worked in an art firm
d. worked as a missionary
| A．c, a, b, d | B．c, a, d, b | C．b, c, a, d | D．b, a, c, d |
Which of the following can best describe van Gogh’s final two years?
| A．Sand and boring. | B．Normal and peaceful. |
| C．Happy but fruitless. | D．Painful but productive. |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Van Gogh didn’t become famous until he dies. |
| B．Van Gogh sold many paintings in his life. |
| C．Van Gogh had become famous as an artist when he was alive. |
| D．Irises was the most expensive among van Gogh’s paintings. |
There was a wonder-filled little girl who was hurt so badly that when she entered adult life, she thought she was so bad that others just couldn’t be nice to her.
But she had a lot of curiosity, which kept her going. She sought many wise people to help her understand why she was so bad that her mother hurt her and why she was unable to be better so that men wouldn’t hurt her.
She was on a journey that she thought was to help her be “better”. She carried a big bag with her everywhere she went. Inside it were all the hurts she had experienced. Because she was so eager to please those who offered their wisdom, she willingly agreed with what they said about forgiving. But she held that bag of hurts tightly.
After 50 years of carrying that bag around and showing it to all she met as if it were proof that she was a good person, she decided to open it up and just see what happened.
When she looked inside it was filled with bits of paper. At one time they had words on them, detailing the hurts. But time had faded (使褪色) the words and all that was left was some useless paper. She had been struggling to carry this bag that held nothing but the image of something that once was.
She saw the absurdity of carrying that bag around. It made her laugh. By letting go of the paper and having pity for those that hurt her, this little girl was able to become a woman with beautiful hair. The woman looked in the mirror and said, “I am lovable.”
Although it took many years, she was finally open to bringing love and respect into her life.When she grew up, the little girl wondered .
| A．where she should go |
| B．why she couldn’t be loved |
| C．how she could be a sweet girl |
| D．why she was hurt so deeply |
What advice did girl get from wise people?
| A．To please those who hurt her. |
| B．To keep carrying the bag of hurts. |
| C．To record the hurts she suffered. |
| D．To forgive those who hurt her. |
The woman laughed in the end because .
| A．she had beautiful hair |
| B．she became lovable |
| C．she realized her silliness |
| D．she became a wise woman |
According to the passage, which of the following can be used to describe the woman?
| A．Curious. | B．Kind-hearted. | C．Easy-going. | D．Devoted. |
What lesson can we learn from the story?
| A．You will walk fast without carrying a load. |
| B．You will get peace after forgiving others. |
| C．You will become young if you forget your hurts. |
| D．You will be loved after changing your image. |
阅读下面的短文，根据短文后的要求回答问题（注意问题后字数的要求）
Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules... planning your next move...acting as a team member...these are all "game" ideas that you will come across throughout your life.
Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such game s are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dreams that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such an talking turns and cooperating (合作).
Many children's games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination（协调）needed in hunting.
Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who carried it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.
Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.
Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it,______, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.what’s the main idea of the passage?(no more than 8 words)
complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 3 words)
fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words. (no more than 6 words)
according to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging? (no more than 12 words)
what is they referred to? (no more than 3 words)
Is this a car? Is it a smart phone? Is it a gaming machine?
Yes to all three. The Toyota Fun-Vii is a pleasure palace on wheels.
If Toyota has its way, paint jobs could become a thing
of the past, because it has introduced an amazing car that can
change its whole look in an instant.
The Vii in Fun-Vii, which stands for “Vehicle, Interactive,
Internet” It is a small three-seater car that looks like a smart phone, so it is called a smart phone on wheels．Inside and out, most aspects of the car can interact（互相作用） with the internet and be controlled by a smart phone．The magical car allows the owners to download pictures from their phones onto the outside, so that the look of the car could be changed instantly．The color inside could also be changed to reflect the owner's mood．Just as the company president Akio Toyoda said, "A car must appeal to our emotions．If it's not fun, it's not a car．"
Its outside and inside are not made of solid paint but touch screens that can display pictures and videos．A network update function downloads all the latest software to make sure the car is always up-to-date, and it can provide the latest entertainment as well as information about its surroundings to the driver．As you drive around, the thoughtful car allows you to communicate with your friends in the nearby cars．It also helps you find your way from one place to another． It's all because the car is networked with all the other cars on the road and drives itself． The smart car is a practical, family sized vehicle fuelled by hydrogen, and it is one of the futuristic concept cars under the theme of "fun to drive, again"．It heralds （预示） a not-too-distant future where people, cars and society are linked．Which of the following may not be a key word for the concept car?
| A．Fun． | B．Interactive． | C．High-speed． | D．Smart． |
According to the text, Toyota Fun-Vii is _____．
| A．a new concept car not powered by gas |
| B．an amazing car without any pollution |
| C．the latest software from network |
| D．a gaming machine with high speed |
The owners of the Fun-Vii can reflect their mood by _____．
| A．downloading images to change the outside |
| B．interacting with computers while driving |
| C．changing the color inside the car |
| D．changing the speed of the car |
What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
| A．The ways of driving the Fun-vii. |
| B．How can you find your way in the Fun-Vii． |
| C．The unusual look of the Fun-Vii． |
| D．The new functions of the Fun-Vii． |
We can infer from the text that the Fun-Vii _____．
| A．will finally replace all the present cars |
| B．will completely solve the problem of energy shortage |
| C．will make car paint industry face a difficult situation |
| D．will take the place of a smart phone |