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It was the first snow of winter — an exciting day for every child but not for most teachers. Up until now, I had been able to dress myself for recess(课间休息), but today I would need some help. Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher, had been through first snow days many times in her long career, but I think she may still remember this one.
I managed to get into my wool snow pants. But I struggled with my jacket because it didn’t fit well. It was a hand-me-down from my brother, and it made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and matching scarf(围巾) were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots(靴子). In her calm, motherly voice she said, "By the end of winter, you will be able to put on your own boots.” I didn’t realize at the time that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence.
I handed her my boots and stuck out my foot. Like most children, I expected the adult to do all the work. After much wiggling and pushing, she managed to get first one into place and then, with a sigh, worked the second one on too.
I announced,“They’re on the wrong feet.” With the grace that only experience can bring,she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again. Then I said,“These aren’t my boots, you know.” As she pulled the offending boots from my feet, she still managed to look both helpful and interested. Once they were off, I said,“They are my brother’s boots. My mother makes me wear them, and I hate them!” Somehow, from long years of practice, she managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying(烦人的) little girl.She pushed and shoved, less gently this time, and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feet. With a great sigh of relief, seeing the end of her struggle with me, she asked, “Now, where are your gloves?’’
I looked into her eyes and said, “I didn’t want to lose them, so I put them into the toes of my boots.”
68. According to the passage, the little girl got         from her brother.
A. the wool snow pants and the jacket      B. the jacket and the boots
C. the jacket and the hat                         D. the boots and the gloves
69. Why does the author say Miss Finlayson would remember that first snow day?
A. Because the little girl played a trick on her.
B. Because it was the most exciting day of the winter.
C. Because the little girl was in her brother’s clothes.
D. Because the little girl wore a pretty scarf.
70. We can learn from the text that Miss Finlayson_________.
A. was losing confidence in the little girl    B. gradually lost patience with the little girl
C. because disappointed with the little girl   D. was getting bored with the little girl
71. It can be inferred(推断) that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first snow of winter,the teacher had to help her put on her boots __________.
A. once                 B. twice                C. three times                D. four times

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NEMS
NEWRI Environmental Master of Science
NEWRI: Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute
Be a leader in environmental science and engineering
through the NEMS programme
NEWRI Environmental Master of Science (NEMS) is a primary graduate education and research programme conducted by Nanyang Technological University’s (NTU’s)NEWRI, with summer attachment at Stanford University.It aims to train engineers and scientists to meet the increasing environmental challenges for Asia and the wider region.
NEWRI-Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute
NEWRI is enabling Singapore to be a global center of environmental science and technology in providing technological solutions to the world.It is committed to environmental and water technologies through its ecosystem of education, research and developmental activities.
NEWRI is trying its best to pull together NTU’s water and environment-related centers and institutes, gathering one another’s strengths for the benefit of industry and society.
Master of Science Applications
● Applications open now and close on 30 May 2013
for Singapore applicants.
● Graduates having relevant engineering or science
background, including final-year students, are
invited to apply.
● Applicants are required to have a certificate of GRE.
Further information and application materials are available at the Website:
http:// www.Cee.ntu.edu.sg/Graduate/NEMS
Highlights of Programme:
★ Students spend a full summer term at Stanford taking regular courses and continue with the rest of their academic programme at NTU.
★ It is a 12-month full-time course in environmental science & engineering.
★Students under NEMS will have opportunities to do research projects under NEWRI as well as to continue for the Doctor’s degree.
★ Graduating students receive the NTU degree and a certificate from Stanford for their summer attachment.
Scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses at both Stanford and NTU are available
Enquiry contact: Ms Christian Soh
Tel:(65) 6861 0507 Fax:(65) 68614606
Email: nems@ntu.edu.sg
Information on other graduate programmes available at:
www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp


If one wants to apply for the NEMS programme, it is essential for him to __________.

A.make contact with Ms Soh
B.have passed the GRE test
C.possess a university diploma
D.major in engineering or science

Students admitted to the NEMS Programme __________.

A.are required to obtain a Doctor’s degree
B.will first have regular courses at Stanford
C.needn’t be released from their regular jobs
D.can receive degrees of both NTU and Stanford

What’s the main purpose of the NEMS programme?

A.To offer scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses.
B.To strengthen the cooperation between NTU and Stanford.
C.To introduce Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute.
D.To train experts on environmental science and engineering.

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A.30 May 2012 is the deadline for NEMS application.
B.Applicants for NEMS should have relevant work experience.
C.Other centers and institutes for environmental and water technologies also exist in NTU
D.Singapore is the global center of environmental science and technology.

A study of more than five million books, both fiction and non-fiction, has found a marked decline in the use of emotional words over time.The researchers form the University of Bristol used Google Ngram Viewer, a facility for finding the frequency of terms in scanned books, to search for more than 600 particular words identified as representing anger, dislike, fear, joy, sadness and surprise.
They found that almost all of the categories showed a drop in these “mood words” over time.Only in the category of fear was there an increase in usage.
“It is a steady and continuous decrease,” said Dr Alberto Acerbi.He assumed that the result might be explained by a change in the position occupied by literature, in a crowded media landscape.“One thing could be that in parallel to books the 20th century saw the start of other media.Maybe these media — movies, radio, drama, had more emotional content than books.”
Although both joy and sadness followed the general downwards trend, the research, published in the journal PLOS One, found that they also exhibited another interesting behaviour:the ratio (比率) between the two varied greatly, apparently mirroring historical events.
During the Roaring Twenties the joy-to-sadness ratio reached a peak that would not occur again until before the recent financial crash.But the ratio plunged at the height of the Second World War.Nevertheless, the researchers held a reserved opinion about their claim that their result reflected wider social trends.In the paper, they even argue that the reverse could be true.
“It has been suggested, for example, that it was the suppression (压抑) of desire in ordinary Elizabethan English life that increased demand for writing ‘filled with romance and sex’… perhaps,” they conclude, “songs and books may not reflect the real population any more than catwalk models reflect the average body.”
The word "decline" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to_________.

A.increase B.rise C.decrease D.change

A study of more than five million books indicated a decrease in “mood words” over time except_______.

A.in the use of the words of historical events
B.in the category of fear
C.in the category of literature
D.in the category of joy

What’s the main idea of this passage?

A.A study of emotional words.
B.A study about vocabulary in literature.
C.Reasons for the use of emotional words decreases in literature.
D.A study on increase in the category of fear.

“Don't worry if you have problems!” It is easy to say until you are in the midst of a really big one.The only people who don't have troubles are gathered in little neighborhoods.Most communities have at least one.We call them cemeteries.If you're breathing, you have difficulties.It's the way of life.And believe it or not, most of your problems may actually be good for you! Let me explain.
Maybe you have heard the Great Barrier Reef, stretching some 1,800 miles from New Guinea to Australia.Tour guides regularly take visitors to view the reef.
On one tour, a traveler asked the guide an interesting question."I notice that the lagoon (泻湖) side of the reef looks pale and lifeless, while the ocean side is vibrant and colorful," the traveler observed.Why is this?
The guide gave an interesting answer, "The coral around the lagoon side is in still water, with no challenge for its survival.It dies early.The coral on the ocean side is constantly being tested by wind, waves and storms.It has to fight for its survival every day.As it is challenged and tested, it changes and adapts.It grows healthy.It grows strong.And it reproduces."
Then he added, “That's the way it is with every living organism.”
That's how it is with people.Challenged and tested, we come alive! Like coral pounded by the sea, we grow.Physical demands can cause us to grow stronger.Mental and emotional stress can produce tough-mindedness and resiliency.Spiritual testing can produce strength of character and faithfulness.So, you have problems? No problem! Just tell yourself, "There I grow again!"
Remember: A smooth sea never made a skilled mariner.
Who has no problems according to the passage?

A.The persons who are very famous.
B.The persons who have much money.
C.The persons who have been born.
D.The persons who are living in the cemeteries.

In the writer's opinion, ________.

A.problems bring us much trouble
B.problems have two sides, good or bad
C.we should try to stay away from any trouble
D.the fewer things we do, the less trouble we'll meet

The reason why lagoon side of the reef has no life is _______.

A.it hasn't got any sunlight
B.it has less energy than others
C.it never faces any challenge and tests
D.it has no work to do every day

After reading this passage, we should ________.

A.regard any problem as challenge
B.learn from the lagoon side
C.worry your problem
D.enter into cemeteries

At the beginning of the World Series of 1947, I experienced a completely new emotion, when the National Anthem was played.This time, I thought, it is being played for me, as much as for anyone else.This is organized major league baseball, and I am standing here with all the others; and everything that takes place includes me.
About a year later, I went to Atlanta, Georgia, to play in an exhibition game.On the field, for the first time in Atlanta, there were Negroes and whites.Other Negroes besides me.And I thought: What I have always believed has come to be.
And what is it that I have always believed? First, that imperfections are human.But that wherever human beings were given room to breathe and time to think, those imperfections would disappear, no matter how slowly.I do not believe that we have found or even approached perfection.That is not necessarily in the scheme of human events.Handicaps, stumbling blocks, prejudices — all of these are imperfect.Yet, they have to be dealt with because they are in the scheme of human events.
Whatever obstacles I found made me fight all the harder.But it would have been impossible for me to fight at all, except that I was sustained by the personal and deep-rooted belief that my fight had a chance.It had a chance because it took place in a free society.Not once was I forced to face and fight an immovable object.Not once was the situation so cast-iron rigid that I had no chance at all.Free minds and human hearts were at work all around me; and so there was the probability of improvement.I look at my children now, and know that I must still prepare them to meet obstacles and prejudices.
But I can tell them, too, that they will never face some of these prejudices because other people have gone before them.And to myself I can say that, because progress is unalterable, many of today's dogmas (教条)will have vanished by the time they grow into adults.I can say to my children: There is a chance for you.No guarantee, but a chance.And this chance has come to be, because there is nothing static with free people.There is no Middle Ages logic so strong that it can stop the human tide from flowing forward.I do not believe that every person, in every walk of life, can succeed in spite of any handicap.That would be perfection.But I do believe — and with every fiber in me — that what I was able to attain came to be because we put behind us (no matter how slowly) the dogmas of the past: to discover the truth of today; and perhaps find the greatness of tomorrow.
I believe in the human race.I believe in the warm heart.I believe in man's honesty.I believe in the goodness of a free society.And I believe that the society can remain good only as long as we are willing to fight for it — and to fight against whatever imperfections may exist.My fight was against the barriers that kept Negroes out of baseball.This was the area where I found imperfection, and where I was best able to fight.And I fought because I knew it was not doomed to be a losing fight.It couldn't be a losing fight-not when it took place in a free society.And in the largest sense, I believe that what I did was done for me — that it was my faith in God that sustained me in my fight.And that what was done for me must and will be done for others.
Why did the author say he had experienced a completely new emotion?

A.Because he won game.
B.Because he was an American.
C.Because he could compete in the game and won the game.
D.Because the National Game was played for him.

From the passage, we know that the author is ___________.

A.an African. B.a Chinese
C.a white man D.a black man

The author firmly believed that____________.

A.humans are imperfect if they all unite together to overcome the difficulties.
B.humans needn’t approach perfect even if they can.
C.humans should face the obstacles and fight for it bravely.
D.humans are becoming kind and honest if they have freedom.

We can infer from the passage that_________.

A.the fight between Negroes and Whites never ends
B.the civil war broke out because the Negroes fought for their freedom
C.In the past Negroes were kept out of baseball.
D.the fight ended up with a game.

The underlined word ‘vanished’ most probably means __________

A.disappear B.increase
C.appear D.happen

The best title of this passage may be_________.

A.Nothing matters except fighting
B.Success lies in hard work
C.freedom is everything
D.Free Minds and Hearts makes a difference

The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts(文科) in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition(命题),although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM(science, technology, engineering, maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.
The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also states firmly that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels.Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become creative leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.
Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run.Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.
Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers.The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible.The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.
What does the latest congressional report suggest?

A.STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.
B.Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.
C.The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.
D.The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.

What kind of job applicants do employers look for?

A.Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.
B.Those who are good at solving practical problems.
C.Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.
D.Those who have received an all-round education.

What advice does the author give to college students?

A.Seize opportunities to explore their potential.
B.Try to take a variety of practical courses.
C.Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.
D.catch as many chances as possible to change their jobs.

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