Part Three: Reading Comprehension
I. Fill in the blanks, using the proper forms of the words below.
( respect, watch, wander off, nest, worthwhile, discover, forest, where, argue, observe, work out, sleep, behave, entertainment, understand )
A PROTECTION OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE
It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Our group are all going to visit the chimps in the 1 . Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people 2 how much they 3 like humans. 4 a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to a place 5 we left the chimp family 6 in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits while the animals in the group begin to wake up and move. Then we follow as the family begins to 7 into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that everybody will be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. But the evening makes it all 8 . The mother chimp and her babies play in the tree and, after they come into her arms, we see them go to sleep together in their 9 for the night.
Nobody before has fully understand chimp behaviour. Jane spent many years 10 and recording their daily activities. She did not study at a university but she was determined to work with animals in their own environment. When she arrived at Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one thing she 11 was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her 12 their social system
For forty years Jane Goodall has been helping the rest of the world understand and 13 the life of these animals. She has 14 for them to be left in the wild and not used for 15 or advertisements. She has set up special places where they can live safely. Her life is very busy but as she says:
“Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It’s terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, ‘Aren’t they lucky?’ And then think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget…”
She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor’s degree for studies, showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑
请根据以下人物介绍选择他们可能参加的活动:Edward Leonardo Norton, connoisseur of Chinese and Japanese antiques. He has a strong interest in classical Chinese literary works. He even starts going to evening classes to learn classical Chinese at Columbia University.
Daphne Sui-yuan Tan, former director of National Association of Photographers. After reading some history books on how the first group of Chinese immigrants survived in America of the 19th century, she has become keen on her own family history and that of others.
Sharon Collins, pop singer and amateur photographer. Her marriage with a serious music critic has drawn her to his world, so she is now crazy about classical music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert with her husband.
Michelle Higgins, eminent photographer and columnist for quite a few internationally-known travel magazines. Recently, she has shown great interest in photo exhibits which feature young artists with Islamic or Chinese background.
Caroline Hugo, famous writer and influential movie critic. Last year her fantasy story which involved the mysterious Forbidden City received critical acclaim. Now she is conceiving a romance that has Shanghai of the 1930s as the setting.
【2015·江苏】任务型阅读 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分)
请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意: 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。 每个空格只填一个单词。
People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.
In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health.
News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.
News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance — as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.
For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individual’s tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.
What news stories do you read? |
|
Division of news stories |
● People expect to get ● News stories are roughly divided into two classes. ● Some news will excite their readers instantly while others won’t. |
the two classes |
● News of immediate reward will seemingly take their readers to the very frightening scene without actual ● Readers will associate themselves closely with what happens in the news stories and |
● News of delayed reward will make readers suffer, or present a ● News of delayed reward will induce the reader to |
|
Unstable boundaries of the two classes |
● What readers expect from news stories are largely shaped by their ● Serious readers will both get excited over what happens in some news stories and ● Thus, the division, on the whole, |
【2015·北京卷】第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分。共 10 分) 根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.___They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. ___ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__ _ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep._ __
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____ _
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A.Having interesting things to think about also helps. |
B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves. |
C.Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. |
D.At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. |
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.
任务型读写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
Self-motivation is a great way for doing things better in life. Exercising not only helps you to stay fit, but also freshens up your body from within. Despite being aware of the benefits of exercise, people fail to put it in their lives, because their motivation is very limited.
An optimistic attitude will not only help you to try continuously, but also make sure you fight all possible difficulties easily. On the other hand, a pessimistic attitude will show you only the bad in what you want to do, stopping your will to try at the very beginning.
To be determined about something takes a lot of courage. It’s very easy to give up and everyone can do it. To continuously keep at it, putting in the same efforts all the time, takes courage. Be determined to lose weight. Tell yourself you have to do it.
If your role model has been in your mind, then you are very likely to follow him or her. So why not follow the path by which they have got an envious figure?
Always feel good about where you work out. This way you will be regular with your workout schedule, gradually noticing the positive effects it has on you. This makes sure that you think your surroundings positively in your mind and that your probability of visiting it increases.
Every time you lose a decided number of pounds, congratulate yourself, relax your muscles or shop for relaxation.
If you have a fast-paced lifestyle, you won’t even realize when time flies by. By exercising regularly, you’re adding more years to your life. A long life is the best motivation, isn’t it?
Apart from all these things, you must set a goal and encourage all your energy towards achieving it. Last but not least, it’s very important that you enjoy what you are doing, whether it’s working out at the gym, or practicing yoga at home.
Title: How to motivate yourself to |
|
introduction |
People can’t insist on exercising in their lives because they don’t have _ |
Tips |
●When you have an optimistic attitude, you can try continuously and have no difficulty ●To lose weight, you should put in the same efforts all the time and _ ●Choose a person who has got a perfect figure as your ●Feeling good about where you work out has some ●Once you have _ ●For a long term, exercising regularly ● _ |
conclusion |
Since exercise has so many _ |
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
By “luxury(奢侈品)”, we mean "a pleasant and often expensive thing that is not necessary". From a historical point of view, things which were a luxury when they first came into being all became necessities later.
Anything, no matter luxurious it is, will become a necessity, when it is widely used. This is true of many of the present luxuries, among which mobile phones, cars, computers and many other things
(include). It is known to all that the purpose of the development of science is
(make) things easy for the mankind, not for only
small number of people.
, the first thing to do after a new invention occurs is to spread it so as to benefit
many people as possible. In the course of the spread, the luxury becomes decreasingly luxurious until
the end it becomes a necessity. This is an objective law, and
can be an exception.
With the quick (develop) of science and technology, the process for many things to become a necessity from a luxury will be greatly shortened. Anything that can be imagined will be invented and in no time becomes a necessity
(access) to ordinary people.