D
Mike Ingrarn had been a guard the Ohio State football team in the late 1950s．I believe he may have been captain in his senior year．He is a tough - looking guy，a hero in Columbus，a brave fighter in a red—and—gray uniform．
One holiday season Jack and I had been at the F&R Lazarus department store downtown, and we saw，carrying a tall pile of boxes，someone who clearly was working in the Lazarus stockroom(仓库)．It was, Mike Ingram，post—Ohio state football player．
We stared—how could we help it? And Mike Ingram stopped in his track，looked right back at us，and said，with bite in his tone：“Yeah，it's me．”Meaning：Go ahead and stare if you must．
Couldn’t really blame him．There was nothing wrong with what he was doing——be was earning some money in the stockroom．But he was out in the world now, he wasn't where he had been when everything was bathed in sunlight；he was in Ohio Stadium，hearing the supporting shouts from 78，000 people who loved him and his teammates．He had moved past that trust of life’s roles，as everyone does．It was his misfortune to have，been famous very early；there must have been dozens and dozens of men in their twenties working in the Lazarus stockroom that holiday season，but Mike Ingram was the one sure to attract cnrious passers，because he was no longer who he was supposed to be．
68．When the writer met him in Lazarus，Mike was a ．
A．salesman B．manager C．1aborer D．customer
69．By saying“how could we help it?”the writer means that ．
A．he and his friend just can’t force themselves not to look at Mike
B．he wonders whether he and his friend can help Mike
C．he and his friend can’t stop looking at each other
D．he and his friend can do nothing to stop Mike carrying the boxes
70．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Mike used to be very popular when he played in the Ohio State football team．
B．Many other people would stare at Mike like the writer when they run into him．
C．Working as an ordinary worker，according to the writer，is Mike’s misfortune．
D．Some people accept what life gives them．
71．We can infer from the passage that when Mike was stared at，he looked .
A．nice B．worried C．shy D．unhappy
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerableto the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing." she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing."
（1）What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
| A． |
The various patterns at the ocean surface. |
| B． |
The cause of the changes in ocean colour. |
| C． |
The way light reflects off marine organisms. |
| D． |
The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton. |
（2）What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
| A． |
Sensitive |
| B． |
Beneficial |
| C． |
Significant |
| D． |
Unnoticeable |
（3）What can we learn from the passage?
| A． |
Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem. |
| B． |
Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes |
| C． |
Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate |
| D． |
Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener. |
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?
| A． |
To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes |
| B． |
To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain |
| C． |
To explain the effects of climate change on oceans |
| D． |
To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams (欺诈).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these "solutions" (解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches (数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller's, ricking you into "confirming" your address, mother's name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications-using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.
（1）How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls?
| A． |
Panicked |
| B． |
Confused |
| C． |
Embarrassed |
| D． |
Disappointed |
（2）taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can ________.
| A． |
aim at victims precisely |
| B． |
damage databases easily |
| C． |
start campaigns rapidly |
| D． |
spread information widely |
（3）What does the passage imply?
| A． |
Honesty is the best policy. |
| B． |
Technologies can be double-edited. |
| C． |
There are more solutions than problems. |
| D． |
Credibility holds the key to development. |
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
| A． |
Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted |
| B． |
Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls |
| C． |
Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous |
| D． |
How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur (创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth, instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
（1）How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
| A． |
She argued with him. |
| B． |
She tried to find a way out. |
| C． |
She paid no attention. |
| D． |
She chose to consult dentists. |
（2）What is special about CanCandy?
| A． |
It is beneficial to dental health. |
| B． |
It is free of sweeteners. |
| C． |
It is sweeter than other candies. |
| D． |
It is produced to a dentists' recipe. |
（3）What does Moore expect from her business?
| A． |
To earn more money. |
| B． |
To help others find smiles. |
| C． |
To make herself stand out. |
| D． |
To beat other candy companies. |
（4）What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
| A． |
Fame is a great thirst of the young. |
| B． |
A youth is to be regarded with respect. |
| C． |
Positive thinking and action result in success. |
| D． |
Success means getting personal desires satisfied. |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA).Whatever stage of life you're at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community (社区).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
|
Country |
Schedule |
|
|
4-week programmes |
7-week programmes |
|
|
Algeria |
5 Jul.- 1Aug. |
20Jun. -7Aug. |
|
Egypt |
24 Jul-20 Aug. |
19Jun.-6 Aug. |
|
Kenya |
20 Jul.-16Aug. |
18 Jun.-5 Aug. |
|
South Africa |
2Aug.-29 Aug. |
15 Jun.-2Aug. |
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website: www.glodeve.org
Email: humanresources@glodeve.org
（1）What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?
| A． |
To seek local partners |
| B． |
To take in young volunteers |
| C． |
To carry out programmes |
| D． |
To foster cultural awareness |
（2）The programme beginning in August will operate in ________.
| A． |
Egypt |
| B． |
Algeria |
| C． |
Kenya |
| D． |
South Afria |
（3）The shared goal of GDA's projects to ________.
| A． |
explore new cultures |
| B． |
protect the environment |
| C． |
gain corporate benefit |
| D． |
help communities in need |
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
The Cost of Thinking
Despite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.
The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals. It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals (哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm 2. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm 2. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. Unfortunately, that is not the case.
The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drain-consumption of energy-on the body. I's not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull (倾骨). It's even harder to provides energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3%of total body weight but it consumes 25% of the body's energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes (类人猿) require only 8%of rest-time energy. Early humans pad for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It's hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee (黑猩猩) can't win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.
Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, it's easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.
Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands backaches and painful necks.
We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creature. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.
|
The Cost of Thinking |
|
|
Introduction |
•Large brains for their bodies and the ability to walk upright are two ________ of human beings. |
|
The ________ of large human brains |
•The larger brains may not be better because of the cost. •The big brains make it harder for the body to move around and consume more energy. •The animal brain requires less ________when the body is at rest. •Large human brains consume more food, and weaken muscles. |
|
The ________ of walking upright |
•Walking upright makes it easy to find food or ________against enemies. •Freed hands can serve some ________ purpose and perform complex tasks. |
|
•Walking upright challenges the human bone structure, and ________ the size of brains. •Walking upright results in ________ sufferings. |
|
|
Conclusion |
•With a large brain, human beings ________ other beings in terms of intelligence. •Weak and marginal, human beings remained ________ of meat-eating animals. |