When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.
Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.
The underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _____ in this passage.
A. throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objective
B. to grow forth (向前) from the ground
C. to move or pass suddenly or swiftly
D. to injure or harm one's own interests
An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ___.
A. he cannot work at his best B. he is forced to do things
C. he feels his brain shut down D. he thinks of his work as too heavy
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. People tend to associate leadership with fear.
B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health.
C. Smart people are more functional in the work place.
D. Good relationship is the key to business success.
To positively influence employees, a leader should first of all ____.
A. develop his own personality B. provide better suggestions
C. give his employees a pay raise D. hide his own emotion of fear
Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to_____.
A. provide a variety of project for employees
B. help raise employees’ living standards
C. deal wisely with employees’ emotions
D. give employees’ specific instructions（指导）
There is no doubt that to study abroad gives you an excellent opportunity to learn things which are very helpful in your career building. Today, Canada has earned a good name in providing quality education and safe healthy environment for its students. That is why more than 130,000 international students enroll(注册) every year in famous Canadian universities. It is an ideal education destination and gives students a unique experience of education and its versatile (多样的) arts and culture. Canada spends a lot on education and is ranked the highest in G-8 countries.
To study in Canada is very cost effective. These universities are affordable compared to other universities in the world such as in the US, New Zealand and UK where cost of education and living is very high. According to a survey in 2006, “Canada offered the lowest tuition fees for foreign students compared to UK and Australia.”
The low rate of crimes and the peaceful safe environment of the country also attract lots of international students to Canadian universities. Canada has 92 universities and 175 community colleges and university degrees have three levels-Bachelor's, Master's and Doctoral.
A Bachelor's degree in Canada is for three or four years' full-time study depending upon the nature of the program you are doing. On the other hand, a Master's degree consists of two years of study. For a Doctoral program in Canadian university, you require a minimum of three to four or sometimes five years of research and study.
You can also find many diploma(学位证书) and certification (证明) programs in Canadian universities where the time is generally one year. Some of the Canadian universities are well-regarded worldwide and the degree and diploma obtained from these Canadian universities are recognized globally and promise bright future. After the completion of studies, a person could also find great job offers in Canada itself. International students require a work permit to work on campus.How long will you spend at least in total if you want to finish your Bachelor's, Master's and Doctoral degrees in Canada?
| A．7 years. | B．8 years. |
| C．9 years. | D．11 years. |
What advantages does Canada have to attract foreign students according to the passage?
①Quality education.②Safe environment.
③Versatile culture.④Bright job future.
⑤High scholarships.⑥Low tuition fees.
| A．①②③④⑥ | B．①②④⑤⑥ |
| C．①②③⑤⑥ | D．①③④⑤⑥ |
What's the author's attitude towards studying in Canada?
| A．Oppositive. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Supportive. | D．Not mentioned. |
What's the best title for the passage?
| A．Canadian culture |
| B．The life in Canada |
| C．Study in Canada — a unique Experience |
| D．Benefits of studying Abroad |
Born on April 4, 1928, Maya Angelou had a hard childhood. Her parents got divorced(离婚) when she was very young. She was a single mother and being a single mother was very hard on her.
It was finally in 1949 that she started to find her place in the world when she changed her name to show her Calypso dance performances at the night club where she worked. It was there that she won a scholarship and trained in African dance and modern dance. She formed a group and they traveled all over Europe with an opera production. As she traveled, she studied different languages and became excellent in several of them. During this time, she made her first album, Miss Calypso, and it was a success.
In the 1950s, she moved to New York and started to work more on her writing. She heard Dr Martin Luther King speak in 1960 and began organizing different benefits for Civil Rights(人权). In 1961, she began to play a large role in the Civil Rights Movement and is remembered for her work around the country.
She later moved to Ghana with her son and worked in the University of Ghana’s School of Music and Drama. It was there that she became close friends with Malcolm X. She returned to the US in 1964 to help Malcolm X with a new Civil Rights movement. Shortly after she returned to the US, Malcolm X and Dr King were both assassinated(暗杀). To deal with the deaths of her friends, she wrote her first book, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, which finally made her famous around the world. The 1970s were some of her most productive years as a writer, poet, as well as a singer.What’s the main idea of this passage?
| A．Maya Angelou: a life of hard work and success |
| B．Maya Angelou: a life of bad luck and sadness |
| C．The hard and terrible life of Maya Angelou |
| D．Some Unknown facts about Maya Angelou |
What finally made Maya Angelou well known around the world?
| A．Her friendship with Martin Luther King. |
| B．The books I know Why the Caged Bird Sings. |
| C．The books and poems she wrote in the 1970s. |
| D．Her unbelievable work as a Civil Rights protector. |
From the passage, we know that Maya Angelou was a .
| A．writer, salesgirl, teacher and dancer |
| B．singer, painter, dancer, poet and writer |
| C．writer, poet, singer, dancer and Civil Rights protector |
| D．singer, publisher, Civil Rights activist and writer |
Being green is everywhere these days, whether it is in the school, factory or anywhere on the Internet. This is because our planet is in danger, losing resources, polluting resources and destroying ecosystems(生态系统). Different species are dying because we can’t take care of our home. Now ask yourself why you don’t want a green healthier lifestyle and to save animals. Keep that in mind as you read on.
There are many ways to be green, first of all, everyone should recycle; it’s something easy and helps our planet in many ways. All you’d have to do is put recycling in recycling and garbage in garbage. Another popular thing is to try your best not to drive a car. Sometimes you can just walk, bike, or take a subway. This ensures that our air won’t be polluted, which in turn helps our lungs and everything else on our planet. Next thing is saving energy. We can do this by not using too much heat or air conditioning in summer or winter. It’s not preferable because it’s hard, but you can try and put your washing machine on cold whenever possible and try to keep electronics out of the rubbish. What’s more, remember to stop drinking from plastic bottles because plastic can only be used once and if used many times, it will become unhealthy. So you’d better use a glass or buy a reusable water bottle. The last and most important thing is, spread this news to the world and tell them what’s happening in our world. I’ve only listed a small part of the endless possibilities to save this world. The least you can do is do the simple ones.What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
| A．The importance of being green. |
| B．The question asked in this paragraph. |
| C．The present situation of the Earth. |
| D．The reader’s contribution to the Earth. |
How many ways to be green are mentioned in the passage?
| A．Two. | B．Three. |
| C．Four. | D．Five. |
According to the passage, the most important way to be green is to .
| A．call on others to protect our Earth |
| B．recycle what we have used |
| C．try our best to stop driving cars |
| D．save as much energy as possible |
The passage is intended to .
| A．tell us the importance of protecting our Earth |
| B．Help us to cut down the pollution on our Earth |
| C．teach us some knowledge about our health today |
| D．guide us to some ways of protecting our Earth |
In ninth grade, I thought Jennifer Fever, the dark-haired girl who sat behind me in classroom, was an alien(外星人). Our class organized an activity to raise money for the library, and in one month, Jennifer read 34 books. I couldn’t believe it. Surely, she was from some faraway planet where creature lived and they didn’t own television sets. How could a human being, a 13-year-old girl, read 34 books in one month?
I had read three books. And by “read”, I mean skimmed. I mean opened and placed them on my lap while watching cartoons.
Who had time to read? In addition to my favorite cartoons, I had a basketball that required playing, a baseball that required throwing, and a volleyball that required volleying. And it wasn’t as if my bike could ride itself.
Besides, reading was boring. And if I wanted to be bored, it would be much easier just to pay attention during Mr. Kearly’s social studies class.
After senior high school, my education had become very narrow: computer engineering, mathematics, physics, and not much else.
Years later, I realized something: I had not memory of ever reading a book for pleasure. But there was a world of knowledge outside science and engineering, and I was tired of being ignorant(无知的)of it, so I decided I would become a reader. I dived into book after book. In short, the bookworm within me had awakened.
Today, I carry a book(if not two or three) with me wherever I go. An hour-long waiting for the bus is not trouble; rather, it’s a chance to enjoy a few chapters of Malcolm Gladwell’s latest works. Sometimes, I wish my waiting was longer. From the first paragraph, we learn that Jennifer Fever .
| A．was an alien | B．couldn’t believe me |
| C．organized an activity | D．was my classmate |
What used to make the author bored?
| A．Watching cartoons. |
| B．Reading. |
| C．Playing basketball. |
| D．Riding her bike. |
Which of the following is TURE according to the passage?
| A．My education had become very narrow after high school. |
| B．A 13-year-old girl could also read 34 books in one year. |
| C．I skimmed my three books while reading in the library. |
| D．I was still tired of reading during my study in the university. |
We can infer from the passage that the author .
| A．enjoyed some faraway planet very much |
| B．felt surprised to study computer engineering |
| C．loved reading very much after growing up |
| D．became wise and rich after high school |
Feeling blue about the world? “Cheer up,” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”
Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he’s carefully weighed the evidence; optimistic, because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what he’s set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book, The Rational Optimist . He views mankind as grand enterprise that, on the whole, has done little but progress for 100,000 years. He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.
Here’s how he explains his views.
1）Shopping fuels invention
It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, better cars, and, of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us. This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.
2) Brilliant advances
One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.
3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change
Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well- meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?
| A．Weakness of human nature. |
| B．Concern about climate change. |
| C．Importance of practical thinking. |
| D．Optimism about human progress. |
How does Ridley look at shopping?
| A．It encourages the creation of things. |
| B．It results in shortage of goods. |
| C．It demands more fossil fuels. |
| D．It causes a poverty problem. |
The candle and lamp example is used to show that__________.
| A．oil lamps give off more light than candles |
| B．shortening working time brings about a happier life. |
| C．advanced technology helps to produce better candles. |
| D．increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods. |
What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
| A．Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost. |
| B．Overreaction to climate change may be dangerous. |
| C．People’s health is closely related to climate change. |
| D．Careless medical treatment may cause great pain. |
According to the passage, which of the following statements is True?
| A．Matt Ridley doesn’t think the world is a good place to live in. |
| B．Climate change won’t cause a child’s death. |
| C．Matt Ridley based his unique point of view on his long-term research. |
| D．People will have more freedom for the development of the world. |