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How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feeling
Architects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(经验的,实证的)basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2009, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room’s ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In addition to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant’s ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim(暗淡的)light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner, or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管)” architect David  Allison says; “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad,generalize use of them?” That is what we are all struggling with”
52. What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research?
A. Light     B. Ceilings.      C. Windows.     D. Furniture
53.The passage tells us that____________.
A.the shape of furniture may affect people’s feelings
B.lower ceilings may help improve students’ creativity
C.children in a dim classroom may improve their grades
D.students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed
54.The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean that_______.
A.the problem is not approached step by step
B.the researches so far have faults in themselves
C.the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect
D.research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns
55.Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?

CP :Central Point   P:point    SP:: Sub-point(次要点)  C:Conclusion

科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 较易
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The best way to cure sadness is not shopping, according to a recent study. The so-called shopping method has become common practice these days, but that can put your wallet under a lot of pressure. So if you are sad and feel like shopping, don’t!
According to the recent study, sadness leads to self-focus (自我为中心的) thinking. In other words, sad people are willing to spend more money on the same thing than calm people.
"It is the result of sadness and self-focus, and it turns out that sadness leads to an increase in self-focus," said Cynthia Cruder. "What we think is that sad and self-focused people are feeling pretty bad about themselves, and one way to deal with this is buying material goods."
In a perfect situation, when you know you are sad, you should avoid(避免) making decisions and spending money. Sounds simple? Sadly, it is not. Most people don’t even know they’re sad, the study shows, and they are not aware that their feelings influence their decisions.
What to do? The study showed that those who watched a tragedy(悲剧) were more likely to spend three times more money for a simple bottle of water than those who watched a comedy. The solution: well, for starters, don’t go shopping! If you can’t help it, it is probably better to see a doctor.
When you can’t help shopping after feeling sad, you’d better _______.

A.talk to your friends
B.go to the store directly
C.go to bed and rest
D.go to hospital and get checked out by a doctor

We can learn from the passage that________.

A.sad and self-focused people are poor
B.sad people make important decisions easily
C.tragedies may make people buy more expensive goods
D.sad people are less confident than calm people

What would be the best title for this passage?

A.The Loss of Money Caused by Sadness
B.Shopping is Not the Best Way to Cure Sadness
C.A Study About How to Stay in a Good Mood
D.How to Make Decisions When You Are Sad

A young father was visiting an old neighbor. They were standing in the old man's garden, and talking about children. The young man said, “How strict should parents be with their children?”
The old man pointed to a string(绳子)between a big strong tree and a thin young one. “Please untie(解开)that string,” he said. The young man untied it, and the young tree bent(弯)over to one side. “Now tie it again, please,” said the old man, “but first pull the string tight so that the young tree is straight again.”
The young man did so. Then the old man said, “There,it is the same with children. You must be strict with them, but sometimes you must untie the string to know how they are getting on. If they are not yet able to stand alone, you must tie the string tight again. But when you find that they are ready to stand alone, you can take the string away.”
The story is about _______ .

A.how to take care of young trees
B.how strict parents should be with their children
C.how the young father should get on with his old neighbor
D.how to tie and untie the string

When can the string be taken away?_______ .

A.When the old man has left
B.After you have untied it
C.When the young man has untied it next time
D.When the young tree grows strong enough

In the story the relation(关系) of the big strong tree to the thin one is like that of __.

A.the young father to the old neighbor
B.parents to their children
C.the old neighbor to the children of the young father
D.grown ups to their parents

Many people turn to doctors or self-help books, but they ignore a powerful thing that could help them fight illness: their friends.
Researchers are only now starting to pay attention to the importance of friendship in health. A 10-year Australian study found that old People with a large circle of friends. A large 2007 study showed an increase of nearly 60 percent in the risk (危险) for obesity (肥胖) among people whose friends gained weight. And last year, Harvard researchers reported that strong social ties could improve brain health as we age.
In general, the role of friendship in our lives isn’t well realized,” said Rebecca, a professor at the University of North Carolina. “Friendship has a bigger effect on our psychological (心理的) health than family relationships. ”
While many friendship studies are about the close relationships of women, some research shows that it can do good to men too. In a six-year study of 736 middle-aged men, having friendships reduces the risk of heart attack. Only smoking was as important a risk factor (因素) as having little social support.
Exactly why friendship has such a big effect isn’t entirely clear. While friends can send a sick person to the hospital or pick up medicine, the advantages go well beyond physical help. Friendship clearly has a big psychological effect. “People with stronger friendships feel like there is someone they can turn to,” said Karen, a doctor. “The message of these studies is that friends make your life better. ”
The three studies in paragraph2 show that .

A.old people need friends the most.
B.friends can help us lose weight.
C.social ties (关系) are connected to health
D.more friends make us healthier.

What do underlined sentences in paragraph3 mean?

A.Friendship is more important to women than to men.
B.What people need most is a friend’s care.
C.Friendship is more important than family relationship
D.The value of friendship hasn’t been fully understood.

The author mentioned smoking in the text to discuss .

A.the cause of heart attack.
B.the risk of having no friends.
C.smoking is bad for men.
D.friends’ influence on habits.

You probably know you should say "please" and "thank you" at restaurants. You probably know the rules of a library. You know you should respect and be nice to your classmates. But do you have music manners?
Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can't hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. No one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears. So even if you are alone when listening to your MP3 players, you shouldn't turn it up too high.
Take Them Off! You need to know when to turn your MP3 off and put it away. Libraries and schools don't allow MP3 players. There are other places, like museums, that don't have rules, but it would be rude to have your MP3 player on. Sometimes, it doesn't make sense(无意义)to listen on your MP3 player . Why would you listen to music at a play, a movie or a sporting event? You would miss what is going on and others would wonder why you even came.
Take One Out! Once in a while it's okay just to take out one earphone and not the other. Imagine you are listening on your MP3 player when someone asks you the way. It would not be rude to take out one earphone, tell him the way, and put back the earphone and continue listening. You can also do this when you order food at a fast-food restaurant or when you answer the telephone.
It's Your Choice! There are times when you need to decide what is best. For example, some people can listen to music on their MP3 players when reading books, while others think it is disturbing. In cases like this, you need to do what seems right for you.
The underlined word "volume" in Paragraph 2 probably means "_________."

A.the amount of a sound B.the length of a song
C.the type of music D.the color of an MP3 player

We should turn down the music when we are alone because loud music_________.

A.may annoy others B.can hurt our ears
C.is bad for MP3 players D.will make us tired

If we listen to our MP3 player at a play, _________.

A.the theatre won't allow it
B.the actors will get angry
C.others won't hear the play well
D.we may miss part of the play

The main idea of this passage is about _________.

A.music lovers B.music manners
C.music players D.MP3 earphones

Kenyon Scudder once told me a story about his friend, Michael. Michael happened to be on a train sitting next to a young man who seemed worried. Finally the young man told the friend that he was a convict (罪犯) returning home from a prison far away. What he did had brought shame (羞耻) on his family, and they had neither visited him nor written to him. He hoped, however, that this was only because they were too poor to travel and too busy to write.
When he was set free he had written to tell them he wanted to go home. To make matters easy for them, however, he had asked them to put up a signal (信号) for him when the train passed their little farm. If the family had forgiven (原谅) him, they were to put up a white ribbon (丝带) in the big apple tree near the railway. If they didn't want him back, they were to do nothing, and he would stay on the train, and go far away.
As the train neared his hometown his suspense became so great that he was afraid to look out of the window. He asked Michael to watch for the big apple tree. They changed seats. In a minute, Michael put his hand on the young convict’s shoulder. "There it is," he said, his eyes filled with sudden tears. "It’s all right. The whole tree is white with ribbons."
For which of the following reasons might the young man be worried?

A.His family might not allow him to go home.
B.His family would not remember him.
C.His family hadn’t written to him frequently.
D.His family hadn’t visited him for a long time.

According to the passage, the white ribbon in the big apple tree means ________.

A.pleasure B.forgiveness
C.happiness D.education

The word "suspense" underlined in the last paragraph can best be replaced by ________.

A.pain B.interest
C.worry D.happiness

Why did Michael cry at the end of the story?

A.The young man couldn’t live with his family.
B.There were many white ribbons on the apple tree.
C.He was moved by the young man.
D.The young man was very sad.

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