第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Students who say they never or hardly ever used dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.
The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.
The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables (音节), they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionary.
56. The writer tends to think that_____________.
A. choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English
B. dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English
C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly
D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing
57. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?
A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.
B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.
C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious defects (缺陷).
D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.
58 This passage mainly tells us____________.
A. that students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries
B. what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries
C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries
D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it
59. Which is not mentioned in this passage?
A. How to make good use of a dictionary.
B. When to use a dictionary.
C. How to improve spoken English.
D. How to practise reading fast.
“Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well.
“Have a nice day. Next!” this version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out of the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔调)with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Obviously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business.
The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.”
The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day!” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.
Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.How does the author understand Maxie’s word?
| A.Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. |
| B.Maxie really wishes the author a good day. |
| C.Maxie encourages the author to stay happy. |
| D.Maxie really worries about the author’s security. |
What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
| A.The salesgirl is rude. | B.The salesgirl is bored. |
| C.The salesgirl cares about me. | D.The salesgirl says the words as a routine. |
By saying “Have a nice day,” a stranger may______.
| A.try to be polite to you | B.express respects to you |
| C.give his blessing to you | D.share his pleasure with you. |
According to the last paragraph, people say “Have a good day” __________
| A.sincerely | B.as thanks | C.as a habit | D.encouragingly |
What is the best title of the passage?
| A.Have a Nice Day---- a Social Custom |
| B.Have a Nice Day----- a pleasant Gesture |
| C.Have a Nice Day----- a heart-warming Greeting |
| D.Have a Nice Day----- a polite ending of a Conversation |
We all remember seeing hitchhikers, standing by the side of the road, thumb, sticking out, waiting for a lift. But it is getting rare nowadays. What killed hitchhiking? Safety is often mentioned as a reason. Movies about murderous hitchhikers and real-life crime have put many drivers off picking up hitchhikers. That no single women picked me up on my journey to Manchester no doubt reflects the safety fear: a large, strangely dressed man is seen as dangerous.
But the reason may be more complex: hitchhiking happens where people don’t have cars and transport services are poor. Plenty of people still hitchhike in Poland and Romania. Perhaps the rising level of car ownership in the UK means the few people lift hitchhiking are usually considered strange. Why can’t they afford cars? Why can’t they take the coach or the train?
Three-quarters of the UK population have access to a car; many of the remainder will be quite old. The potential hitchhiking population is therefore small. Yet my trip proves it’s still possible to hitchhike. The people who picks me up were very interesting-lawyer, retired surgeon, tank commander, carpenter, man who live in an isolated farmhouse and a couple living up in the mountains. My conclusion is that only really interesting people are mad enough to pick up fat blokes in red, spotted scarves. Most just wanted to do someone a good turn; a few said they were so surprised to see a hitchhiker that they couldn’t help stopping.
The future of hitchhiking most likely lies with car-sharing organized over the Internet, via sites such as hitchhikers. org. But for now, you can still stick your thumb out (actually, I didn’t do much of that, preferring just to hold up my destination sign) and people—wonderful, caring, sharing, unafraid people—will stop.
In the UK, with its cheap coaches and reasonable rail service, I don’t think I’ll make a habit of it. But having enjoyed it so much, I’m ready now to do a big trip across Europe and beyond. In the 1970s a female friend of my wife’s hitchhiked to India. How wonderful it would be to have another go, though Afghanistan might be a challenge. I wish I’d got that tank commander’s mobile number.The author tried to hitchhike but was rejected by single women drivers because.
| A.they were not heading towards Manchester |
| B.they thought most hitchhikers were dangerous |
| C.hitchhiking had been banned and they didn’t want to break the law |
| D.he was a strong man in strange clothes who seemed dangerous |
Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?
| A.Movies have discouraged people from hitchhiking |
| B.Car ownership levels are lower in Romania than in the UK. |
| C.25% of UK people don’t have access to cars. |
| D.Increased car ownership has reduced the need for hitchhiking. |
The “fat blokes in red, spotted scarves” in Paragraph 3 most likely means.
| A.murderous hitchhikers | B.friendly and talkative hitchhikers |
| C.typical hitchhikers | D.strange hitchhikers like the author |
According to the author, future hitchhikers are more likely to.
| A.visit websites and find people to share cars with |
| B.stand by roads with their thumbs sticking out |
| C.stick out signs with their destinations written on |
| D.wait for some kind people to pick them up |
From the last paragraph, we know that the author.
| A.frequently hitchhikes in Britain |
| B.plans to hitchhike across Europe |
| C.thinks public transport is safer for travel |
| D.is going to contact the tank commander |
We each have a unique genetic (基因的,遗传的) make-up. Every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA. These are the instructions for producing a person. Genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of several billion combinations of DNA which come from the random mixing of your parents’ genes. Except for identical twins (同卵双胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. You are unique! You are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.
But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scientists are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 births---some are identical and others are non-identical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Non-identical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.
Some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like short-sightedness, are mostly genetic. But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. Non-identical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Identical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than non-identical twins.
Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are thrill-seekers and get into risk-taking and adventurous activities. They take up extreme sports like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.
We could ask, “Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing?” Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
| A.We cannot easily change our physical appearance. |
| B.How we turn out depends on our parents’ genes. |
| C.Everyone has a physical double somewhere in the world. |
| D.Both our genes and our experiences make us who we are. |
Why are scientists studying twins?
| A.To find out how many twins are born every year. |
| B.To discover what shapes us as individuals. |
| C.To compare differences between twins. |
| D.To study brother-and-sister relationships. |
According to the passage, __________.
| A.one in 70 twins are genetically identical |
| B.non-identical twins are usually not of the same sex |
| C.twins separated at birth behave exactly the same |
| D.identical twins are genetically the same |
Which of the following is most affected by experience according the passage?
| A.Eating habits. | B.Eye-sight. | C.Pain resistance. | D.Marriage patterns. |
What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
| A.Our love of sport. | B.Our attitude to risk-taking. |
| C.Our skill at bungee jumping. | D.Our ability to take drugs. |
A Swedish man was dug out alive after being snowed in his car on a forest track for two months with no food, police and local media reported on Saturday.
The 45-year-old from southern Sweden was found on Friday, February17, too weak to say more than a few words.
He was found not far from the city of Umea in the north of Sweden by snowmobilers who thought they had come across a ruined car until they dug their way to a window and saw movement inside.
The man, who was lying in the back seat in a sleeping bag, said he had been in the car since December 19.
“Just incredible that he’s alive considering that he had no food, but also since it’s been really cold for some time after Christmas.” a rescue team member told regional daily Vasterbottens- Kuriren, which broke the news.
Ebbe Nyberg, duty officer at the Umea police, said police saw no reason to doubt that the man had been stuck in the car for a very long time.
“We would not make up something like this. The rescue services were on site too and saw the same as us.” he told Vasterbottens-Kuriren.
Umea University Hospital, where the man is recovering after being rescued by police and a rescue team, said in a statement he was doing well considering the circumstances.
Doctors at the hospital said humans would normally be able to survive for about four weeks without food. Besides eating snow, the man probably survived by going into a dormant-like(休眠似的)state, physician Stefan Branth told Vasterbottens-Kuriren.
“A bit like a bear that hibernates. Humans can do that.” he said. “He probably had a body temperature of around 31 degrees which the body adjusted to. Due to the low temperature, not much energy was used up.”
“Why the man ended up under the snow in the forest remains unknown,” police said.Who found the Swedish man in the snow?
| A.Snowmobilers. | B.The police. | C.A rescue team. | D.Local people. |
“Police saw no reason to doubt that the man had been stuck in the car for a very long time.” implies that .
| A.police didn’t think it true | B.police were sure of the fact |
| C.police had some doubt on the fact | D.police had reasons to doubt the fact |
The reason why the man could survive was most probably that .
| A.he was only forty-five year old | B.he did not use any energy |
| C.he slept in the sleeping bag | D.he was in a dormant-like state |
Which is the correct order of the following events?
a.The Swedish man was stuck in the snow.
b.He was sent to Umea University Hospital.
c.He was found by snowmobilers.
d.He was recovering after treatment.
e.He stayed in his car for nearly two months.
f.He was dug out by people.
| A.e, a, c, d, f, b | B.a, e, c, f, b, d |
| C.a, f, c, e, b, d | D.e, c, f, a, d, b |
Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
| A.A Traffic Accident | B.A Long Sleep in Winter |
| C.An Incredible Survival | D.A Successful Rescue |
FOR many young people, having to attend school with a parent would be their worst nightmare. However, Senior 1 student Li Qinmei is happy taking her father with her as long as she can go to classes. He is disabled and unable to take care of himself.
The 16-year-old country girl in Zhucheng, Shandong Province has experienced one disaster after another in her short life. Li lost her mother at three. Four years later, her father became paralyzed after a tractor accident. At 12, her misfortune returned with the death of her grandma. Since then she has been forced to shoulder all the responsibility for her broken family.
Li learnt to cook and managed to live a life with an allowance of only 24 yuan per month. The most difficult thing she had to deal with was helping her father bathe, dress and use the toilet as he could hardly move.
"I felt embarrassed, and so did my dad. It was really hard at the beginning," she recalled.
During most of her junior school years, Li went to classes only once a month as her father was seriously ill at the time.
"I taught myself at home and asked teachers for help on my school days," she explained.
Li's hard work paid off this fall. She was admitted by Zhucheng No 1 High School, a local key school, based on her good performance in the entrance exams.
The school offered Li and her father a room on campus to live in so she could look after him during breaks.
Once in a while, Li felt sad when she saw her classmates going shopping or hanging out with friends.
"I envy them sometimes because they have both mum and dad to look after them. However, I soon feel relieved as I still have my dad with me," she said.
Li admitted that the difficulties in life had taught her to be strong.
"I believe I will go on and continue my studies at a good university," she said, in a confident tone.
Her teacher Mr. Wang has the same belief. Li made great progress in the recent monthly exams. "She works hard and is always eager to excel . It's not easy for her never to be late for school, but she has managed to make it work," Wang said.Li Qinmei has to shoulder the family because ________.
| A.her father was badly injured in a car accident |
| B.her mother passed away when she was 3 |
| C.her grandma died when she was 12 |
| D.misfortune in her life forced her to do so |
From the passage we can infer that _________.
| A.Li Qinmei doesn’t like others talking about her father |
| B.many young students hate going to school with their parents |
| C.Li Qinmei has made great progress in her study |
| D.Li Qinmei has lost three relatives and has to take care of her father |
What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “hanging out” in the passage?_________.
| A.playing outside | B.working hard | C.exchanging ideas | D.talking happily |
According to the passage, which statement is Not True? __________.
| A.Li Qinmei was admitted to a local key school because of his good scores in the exams |
| B.Li Qinmei is very embarrassed when she helps her father bathe |
| C.Li Qinmei often goes to attend her father after class |
| D.Li Qinmei is able to go to class on time though she has to attend her father |
What’s the best title of the story?________.
| A.Difficulties make strong | B.A touching story |
| C.A strong-minded girl-Li Qinmei | D.Li Qinmei’s successful study life |