第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Most American children eat potatoes every day, but they don't know which part of potato is most nourishing(有营养的).Take a sharp knife and cut a very thin slice(薄片) from it and hold it to the light, you will see that the potato has skin, an outside rim(边缘) and the inner part. The outside rim which is right under the skin is most nutritious(有营养).But this part is often thrown away with the skin. Even the skin itself is better for food than the inside. When eating a cooked potato, if you choose the inside and leave the outside, you are wasting the best part of it. If you can’t eat the whole potato, it is better to eat the outside rim and leave the inner part.
61. A potato has _____.
A. one part only B. two parts C. three parts D. four parts
62. The best part of the potato is the _____.
A. middle B. skin C. outside rim D. inside
63. In fact, the skin is _____.
A. no good at all B. better than the inside part
C. better than the outside rim D. as good as the outside rim
64. What does this lesson tell about potatoes? It tells us _________.
A. how to cook them B. how to cut potatoes
C. what is a potato made up of D. how to eat them
Different exercise types have different purposes and different benefits. One type of exercise may not accomplish all goals of being physically fit: a healthy heart, strong muscles and bones, and safety from injury. As a result, it is important to do enough types of exercise to have all the physical benefits. Here is a quick check sheet.
Aerobic Exercise: To have a strong and healthy heart, you need to do aerobic exercise. This means that you need to exercise yourself enough so that your heart rate, while exercising, is 65 percent to 85 percent of your maximum heart rate. If you don’t get your heart rate up within this level—you just aren’t working hard enough. Whatever you do, your heart rate needs to be 65 percent to 85 percent of your MHR for 20 to 30 minutes, at least 3 times a week. Typical types include:
* Running
* Walking (at least 4 to 4.5 mph)
* Swimming
* Bikingk3s5u
* Elliptical Training
* Yoga
Strength Training: To keep your muscles and bones strong, you need to do strength training. This comes in a variety of forms. Whatever you do, however, you need to train your muscles enough so that they are really tired by the end of each session. To see real benefits, make sure you are strength training 2 to 3 times a week for about 30 to 40 minutes. Typical types of strength training include:
* Weight Training
* Yoga
* Resistance Training
* Plyometrics
Flexibility Training: To keep your body flexible, reducing risk of injuries and pain in your joints and muscles, you need to do flexibility training. You should always aim to stretch every muscle after any exercise routine. Typical types of flexibility training include:
* Stretching
* Yoga
* Pilates
So next time you think that yoga 5 times a week will be enough, think about what it is really doing. Is it getting your heart rate up? Are you making up your strength? Are you keeping your muscles flexible? If your purpose is to _______, you can choose swimming as your exercise form.
A.keep muscles and bones strong |
B.build a strong and healthy heart |
C.keep body flexible |
D.reduce risk of injuries and pain in joints and muscles |
After reading this passage, we know that ________.
A.Yoga is really better for people than running |
B.The three kinds of training have links with one another |
C.Flexibility training helps you build up your muscles |
D.The more exercise you do, the better |
Which of the following is closest in meaning to “session” in Paragraph 3?
A.meeting | B.gathering | C.term | D.period |
The paragraph following this article may discuss_______.
A.how to build up our strength |
B.how to choose an exercise type |
C.how to find a good workout dealing with two or three of these goals |
D.how to be more flexible |
I decided to have dinner in the hotel, for I arrived late one night on a business trip. As I was finishing my meal, an elderly couple came in to dine. They were holding hands and had lovely smiles on their faces. They satthree tables from me. I was amazed at the love they showed for each other. It seemed to strike home all the more, because it was shortly afterending a 20-year marriage and I still had pain in my heart.
My waiter was also their waiter. As I paid my bill, I inquired as to what their bill was. He informed me, and I gave him $40 to pay their bill. He asked if I knew them and I told him "No, I just wanted to repay them for the love that they were showing to each other," and then I departed.
The next day I entered the restaurant to dine before my departure. After Ihad been seated, the waiter who served me the night before told me that the strangest thing happened after I left the restaurant.
When the elderly couple went to pay for their meal, they were informed that it had been paid. When they inquired who had done this, thehostess told them they had no idea who I was, just retelling what I said.
The couple were amazed. They looked around, asked for the bill of two young couples who were seated together, paid their bill and departed, saying "Love begets(产生) Love" to the amazement of the hostess and waiter.
I smiled and said "That's nice," and proceeded to order my meal.
About 45 minutes later, I finished my meal and was about to head out, but my waiter was nowhere to be found. I waited andwaited and finally walked over to the hostess stand and explained that Ineeded to pay for my meal and hurry to the airport. She smiled and explained that I would not have to pay for my meal, because both the waiter and she felt compelled to pay my bill due to the joy that was brought to the faces of the elderly couple and the amazement ofthe young couples.
When I told her that they didn't have to do that, she said with a smile "Love begets Love."The writer’s purpose of writing the passage is to.
A.suggest love never dies |
B.share an interesting experience |
C.encourage us to help people in need |
D.prove a show of love really makes a difference |
Why did the elderly couple pay the bill of the two young couples?
A.Because they were always ready to help poor people. |
B.Because they were happy to pass the love they gained. |
C.Because they invited the young people to the meal. |
D.Because they didn’t want to take the advantage of the writer’s generosity. |
What can be inferred from the story?
A.The love between the elderly couple deeply touched the writer who was single. |
B.The young couples paid the bill of other customers in the restaurant. |
C.The waiter left on purpose and made the writer stay alone to test him. |
D.The writer did all this to prove his belief in love. |
Which of the following proverbs can best explain the theme of the story?
A.A good beginning makes a good ending. |
B.Where there is love, there is life. |
C.Love me, love my dog. |
D.As a man sows, so shall he reap (收获). |
Monkeys , face to face
DISCOVER magazine once reported on a curious event in the woods : a group of monkeys applied mud (泥) to their faces in order to keep away insects , but when they were done they seemed to have lost their ability to recognize each other ---two monkeys that were supposed to be friends even started fighting.
“Faces are really important to how monkeys and apes (猿)can tell one another apart,” explained Michael Alfaro, a biologist at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), to the New York -based International Science Times . This is quite different from many other animals , which depend heavily on smells.
Since faces play such a crucial part in the social lives of monkeys , could this explain why certain monkey species have such colorful faces while others have simpler, plainer ones ?
To test this theory , a group of researchers from UCLA studied 139 monkey species , mainly from Asia and Africa, and analyzed hundreds of headshot (头像)photos of those monkeys from their databases.
It was found that species that live in larger groups have faces with more complex color patterns than those that live in smaller groups. According to Live Science, researchers believe that this is nature’s way of making it easier for monkeys to recognize each other since those living in larger groups have to distinguish between a greater number of faces.
This is actually not that hard to understand . Just imagine if there were 10 people standing in front of you, all wearing white clothes. It would be much more difficult to tell them apart than if they wore clothes with colorful patterns. However, if there were only two people that you had to identify, a lack of color wouldn’t be much of a problem.
Apart from the need to recognize group members , researchers found that geography and environment also affect monkeys’ facial colors. Species that live closer to the equator in thick, humid (潮湿的)forests were found to have darker faces than those who live in dry areas further away from the equator. This is because darker faces help camouflage (伪装)the monkeys in the woods so that they go unnoticed by predators (捕食者). We can learn from the article that monkeys mainly recognize each other by their __.
A.Smells | B.Facial appearances | C.body shapes | D.Voices |
Which of the following statements about monkeys’face patterns is TURE according to the article ?
A.Larger monkeys have more complex face color patterns. |
B.Monkeys with colorful face patterns usually take higher social positions within groups. |
C.Monkeys living in smaller groups usually have simpler, plainer face patterns. |
D.Colorful face patterns keep monkeys safe from predators. |
What is article mainly about?
A.The social lives of monkeys. |
B.How monkeys tell each other apart. |
C.A comparison between the face patterns of monkeys and those of human beings. |
D.The different factors that determine monkeys’ face patterns. |
The US will seek to expand its own oil production in an attempt to reduce dependence on imported oil and bring down fuel prices , President Obama says . New contracts for exploration will be signed in non-protected areas of Alaska and in the Gulf of Mexico.
In his weekly speech , the President insisted the US could reduce its need for imported oil and improve safety. Using his speech to tell Americans that he understood their concerns about rising prices, President Obama focused particularly on the price of fuel, which has risen in recent months.
US consumers have historically enjoyed cheap fuel , but have seen prices rise in recent months even though US oil production in 2010 reached its highest level for seven years.
Although the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 was serious, Mr Obama said the Gulf remained a key part of the country’s future energy supply.
The President’s proposals (议案)come after Republicans (共和党人) introduced a series of proposals that would expand and speed up oil and gas production.
The White House has criticized the Republican proposals for safety reasons , but Mr Obama was clear in his speech that he felt safety and environmental standards could be maintained even though production might rise.
“ I believe that we should continue to expand oil production in America —even as we increase safety and environmental standards ,”he said.
“As a nation, we should be investing in the clean, renewable sources of energy that are the solution to high gas prices.”
Mr Obama has previously called for a step-change in energy policy, saying the US must move towards getting 80%of its electricity from clean energy sources by 2035.Which of the following is NOT included in Mr Obama’s speech?
A.The dependence on imported oil. |
B.Improving safety standards |
C.The reason for the rising oil prices . |
D.Expanding oil production. |
Mr Obama thinks the Republican proposals are ______.
A.Not safe enough | B.Not environmentally friendly |
C.Practical | D.Clear |
What can we learn from the text ?
A.The US has got most of its electricity from clean energy. |
B.US oil production is too small to keep the present low fuel prices. |
C.The US produced the most oil in 2010 in its history. |
D.The Gulf is still important in energy supply in spite of the oil spill in 2010. |
Which of the following can serve as the title?
A.Obama: US will seek oil in Alaska and Gulf of Mexico. |
B.Obama: US will import less oil to improve safety and environmental standards . |
C.Obama: the time of high fuel prices will be gone. |
D.Obama: clean, renewable sources of energy are the solution to high gas prices |
According to an English newspaper, scientists could begin cloning human embryos in Britain in 2001. It is understood that the government has already agreed to use Frankenstein’s technology, believing the benefits are more important than ethical (伦理的)concerns .Researchers think it will be possible to grow brain tissue to cure the diseases that are likely to get worse as time passes like Alzheimer’s , and produce “spare part” organs like hearts and kidneys for transplant (移植).
Ministers are aware that the change in the law will be as controversial as the law which legalized abortion (堕胎)more than 30 years ago. Some politicians reacted angrily , arguing that the government had already made up its mind without discussion. Church leaders and anti-abortion campaigners have long expressed their horror at the plans, arguing that even the earliest embryos are forms of human life.They believe that getting an embryo from cells is morally unacceptable . And it will also cause arguments about how far scientists should interfere with nature and lead to accusations that they are “playing God”.
The cloning of human embryos to provide spare parts is regarded by most experts to be the most important step forward in the 21st century medicine. Scientists say treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s will be the first application of cloning. The ability to clone embryos was first achieved by scientists in Scotland in the late 1990s and now the ability to grow stem cells into tissues and organs is being developed by American researchers. Combining the two technologies will mean an end to long waits for organs from donors and problems caused by rejection (排异反应) of transplanted tissues by the body.
Ian Wilmut, the man who cloned Dolly the sheep, has warned that British experts will go to America, where such work is legal, if the government does not permit it. The government has decided to allow scientists to clone human embryos because they think that ____.
A.Frankenstein’s technology is advanced |
B.Its advantages are more important than its disadvantages |
C.Diseases like Alzheimer’s are a serious problem in their country |
D.They can make a lot of money from it |
The underlined word “they”in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A.Ministers | B.Scientists |
C.Church leaders | D.Anti-abortion campaigners |
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Most experts think that the cloning of human embryos is beneficial. |
B.Politicians were in favour of the government’s decision. |
C.It is legal for scientists to clone embryos in America now. |
D.American researchers are developing the ability to grow stem cells into tissues and organs. |
What’s the best title for this passage ?
A.Science of cloning. |
B.Cloning and abortion |
C.Cloning human embryos |
D.the argument between politicians and scientists |