Besides calling 911, here is what to do in some life-threatening emergencies when no one is
around to help.
Lost in the wilderness
First, you’ve got to acknowledge you’re in trouble. Stay where you can be seen clearly and remember to rest. Keeping a sense of humor helps too—it reduces stress and helps creative thinking.
In a wide open area, make a colorful cross out of rocks to show your present position.
Choking
Aim to hit the top of the chair against your stomach, in the soft part below the bony upside-down V of the ribs（肋骨）. Make a sudden push against the chair. If you still can’t breathe after six tries, call 911, even if you can’t talk. Write the word choking somewhere nearby, and leave the line open until help arrives.
Severe bleeding
Use your hand or clean cotton, or paper towels, or a scarf, or any cloth you can find, and push down on the wound until the bleeding stops. But if you put a band around your leg tightly, you’re going to close the vessels（血管）to the entire leg. In this way, you could lose your foot.
Bear attack
If you surprise a bear, don’t run away. That invites an attack. Instead, stand up and back away slowly, without looking the bear in the eyes. If it does charge at you, stick out your chest, raise your arms, and spread your legs. Shout at the bear, to frighten it. If it’s going to attack, lie facedown, with your handsheld firmly behind your neck. Play dead until you’re sure the bear is gone.
60. When you see a colorful cross made of rocks in the wilderness, you know .
A. someone is bleeding B. someone is choking
C. someone is attacked by a bear D. someone is lost
61. If you are still choking after six tries, you should .
A. call 911 and leave the line open B. keep a sense of humor
C. use your hand our clean cotton D. lie down with your hands behind your neck
62. Don’t tie around your bleeding leg tightly, or you could .
A. stop bleeding B. reduce stress C. cause breathlessness D. lose our foot
63. The passage is mainly teaching us how to .
A. avoid a bear attack B. survive the emergencies
C. deal with a choke D. find our way
The Times(January 8，2008)一A climber was left hanging over a 500 ft cliff for more than seven hours in temperatures below zero as his companions looked on helplessly．
After setting out at dawn to make what they thought was straight forward ascent(垂直攀爬) in the Caimgorrns．one of the three friends suddenly slipped and then was 150 ft backwards into a gully(沟壑)．The only thing that stopped the climberfalling to his death wast he safety line fixed to his friends．
They stayed on an icy rock face at 2，500 ft．All they could see wash is head torch shining in the darkness and they had to shout down in turns to make sure that he was still alive．By the time .they were airlifted off the mountain just after midnight,the temperature had fallen to—20 ℃ and heavy snowstorms were setting in．Surprisingly,none ofthe three was seriously hurt．
The group had left their car at 8：30 am for the expedition which was expected to end with an 800 ft climb called Kiwi Gully in an area known as Hell’s Lure to the west of Lock Avon．Generally,there will be few problems for experienced climbers but it had become very harder after heavy snowfalls．Just before 4 pm the climbers reached a narrow part beneath a steep section of rock．Two of the party made it to the ice．Having got through the steepest section,he slipped when the ice suddenly gave way．He was left hanging and couldn’t climb back up because he had damaged his ankle and was in shock．
At 8 pm a team of ten rescue workers was dropped on a snowy place 300 ft above the climbers．One of the team was lowered to where the climbers were trapped．During a four-hour operation，they were saved．Thirty minutes later snowstorms enveloped the mountain．
56．The climber didn’t climb back up because．
A．the safety line was easy to break B．he was too frightened to climb
C．he was shocked by some animals D．his damaged ankle prevented him climbing
57．Which of the following about the rescue work is TRUE?
A．Ten people were sent to rescue the climbers at dawn．
B．The work lasted about four hours ．
C．It was the workers that lifted the climber up．
D．The three climbers were seriously hurt during the work
58.According to the passage, it was implied that the person hanging over a cliff was．
A．a climbing learner B．a clever climber
C. an experienced climber D．a climbing guide
59．What will be the best title for the passage?
A．Climber Saved After Hanging for 7 Hours
B．An Unforgettable Climbing Experience
C．Time is Life for Climbers
D．Climber Left Hanging over a Cliff
Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September, 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were 
both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in 
China’s Shanxi province in 1556. It killed almost one million people.
We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.
The Earth’s crust(地壳) is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves, they move with it.
Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.
Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many meters high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities, China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生) of earthquakes in the world.The passage is mainly about .
| A．scientists who study earthquakes | B．the way of measuring earthquakes |
| C．a usual natural disaster | D．what people should do in the earthquake |
The earthquake in Shanxi Province , which in NOT true?
| A．happened in 1556 | B．killed one million people |
| C．was the only earthquake in China | D．caused a lot of damage |
Earthquakes
| A．don’t cause much damage | B．are not serious |
| C．most possibly happen in Japan | D．happen all over the world |
According to the passage we know that tsunamis .
| A．can cause earthquakes |
| B．are caused by earthquakes |
| C．only happen on land |
| D．are a way of measuring earthquakes |
Lane waited on the bench nearest the bridge, as he had been instructed.
. The strong wind blew straight across the river, and he had to put his overcoat closer about him.
He went over his instructions in his mind. The spy would appear at four o’clock. He would talk to Lane for a while, after which he would get up, leaving his newspapers behind. The plans would be found inside.
A distant clock began to strike the hour. As if from nowhere, a man appeared and sat down beside Lane, placing his newspaper on the seat between them. He was thin and middle-aged, and seemed in need of a good meal. He didn’t look like a successful spy, Lane thought. His talk about the weather was uninteresting.
A few minutes later he got up and continued on his way. Lane picked up the paper which lay on the bench, as if he wanted to read the news. He was excited to see the plans, stuck on the center page. At that moment, however, there was a strong gust of wind which lifted the newspaper into the air, like a kite, and blew it into the river.Which of the following statement is TRUE?
| A．Sitting on the bench, Lane repeated his orders to himself |
| B．Lane would read about the plans in the newspaper. |
| C．The man Lane was expecting didn’t arrive on time |
| D．The man who suddenly appeared was not the one Lane was waiting for. |
The spy was going to give Lane some important .
| A．papers | B．information | C．instructions | D．advice |
Lane found the spy very .
| A．interesting | B．peculiar | C．ordinary | D．well-fed |
The spy left the newspaper .
| A．by the plan | B．by mistake | C．at Lane’s request | D．out of kindness |
.
| A．The Bargain Books Store | B．The 4-for-3 Books Store. |
| C．The Significant Seven. | D．The Textbook Store |
If you order two 9-dollar books, one 5-dollar book and one 3-dollar book in the 4-for-3 Books Store, then you can get free.
| A．none | B．the 3-dollar book |
| C．the 5-dollar book | D．the two 9-dollar books |
In the Significant Seven, you can find .
| A．your favorite books 40% off the list price |
| B．the reader’s favorite books 30% off the list price |
| C．the new titles chosen by the editors as the must-read books of the season everyday |
| D．the best-selling books chosen by editors on show every Monday |
The underlined word “categories” means “’.
| A．stores | B．shelves | C．types | D．sports |
It was starting to get dark and Bobby turned to walk home when suddenly his eyes caught the setting sun’s rays reflecting off something along the roadside. He reached down and discovered a shiny dime(一角钱). Never before has anyone felt so wealthy as B
obby felt at that moment.
As he held his new found treasure, a warmth spread throughout his entire body and he walked into the first store he saw.
His excitement quickly turned cold when the salesperson told him that he couldn’t buy anything with only a dime.
He saw a flower shop and went inside to wait in line. When the shop owner asked if he could help him, Bobby presented the dime and asked if he could buy one flower for his mother’s Christmas gift. The shop owner looked at Bobby and his ten cents offering. Then he said to him, “You just wait here and I’ll see what I can do for you.”
The sound of the door closed as the last customer left. All alone in the shop, Bobby began to feel cold and afraid. Suddenly the shop owner came out. There, before Bobby’s eyes, lay twelve long stem, red roses, with leaves of green and tiny white flowers all tied together with a big silver bow. Bobby’s heart sank as the owner picked them up and placed them gently into a long white box. “That will be ten cents, young man.” The shop owner said reaching out his hand for the dime.
Sensing the boy’s reluctance(勉强), the shop owner added, “I just happened to have some roses on sale for ten cents a dozen. Would you like them?”
When the man placed the long box into his hands, he knew it was true. Walking out of the door that the owner was holding, Bobby heard the shopkeeper say, “Merry Christmas, son.” Bobby feel that he was rich?
| A．Because he found a purse with many dollars |
B．Becau se he found some money on the way home. |
| C．Because he was given a bunch of flowers |
| D．Because he found some hidden treasure. |
What can we infer from the third paragraph?
| A．Christmas gifts were always very expensive |
| B．The salesperson’s words greatly disappointed Bobby. |
| C．Bobby was tired of trying one shop after another |
| D．The salesperson was trying to cheat Bobby. |
While waiting for the shop owner in the flower ship, Bobby .
| A．was full of excitement and joy |
| B．was very thankful to the shop owner |
| C．felt he had been cheated by the owner |
| D．was not sure whether the owner would accept his offering |