When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was 36 to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary. 37 it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one. 38 , to be honest, I found it extremely 39 to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and 40
not fully understand the meanings. I was used to the 41 bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are 42 both in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt 43 to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I 44 that monolingual dictionaries are 45 in learning a foreign language.
As I found out, there is, 46 , often no perfect equivalence(对应)between two 47 in two languages. My aunt even goes so far as to 48 that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the 49 meaning of a word in English! 50 , she insisted that I read the definition(定义)of a word in a monolingual dictionary 51 I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. 52 , I have come to see what she meant.
Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses only a(n) 53 number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am 54 exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas. 55 this, I can express myself more easily in English.
A．worried B．sad C．surprised D．nervous
A．Because B．Although C．Unless D．If
A．But B．So C．Or D．Then
A．difficult B．interesting C．helpful D．practical
A．thus B．even C．still D．again
A．new B．familiar C．earlier D．ordinary
A．explained B．expressed C．described D．created
A．offered B．agreed C．decided D．happened
A．imagine B．recommend C．predict D．understand
A．natural B．better C．easier D．convenient
A．at least B．in fact C．at times D．in case
A．words B．names C．ideas D．characters
A．hope B．declare C．doubt D．tell
A．exact B．basic C．translated D．expected
A．Rather B．However C．Therefore D．Instead
A．when B．before C．until D．while
A．Largely B．Generally C．Gradually D．Probably
A．extra B．average C．total D．limited
A．repeatedl B．nearly C．immediately D．anxiously
A．According to B．In relation to C．In addition to D．Because of
完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
When she was seven, we found out that Jenny had a few problems. Several ___36___ and many speech classes later, we found out that besides hearing, she also had Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis（幼儿类风湿性关节炎）.
She could not put ___37___ on the heels of her feet, so she walked on tiptoe and when the pain became unbearable, I carried her.
All ___38___ grade school, and on into high school, Jenny suffered, yet never complained. She ___39___ a smile on her face, a song on her lips, and a(n) ___40___ and acceptance of others. I don’t remember her ever
___41___ self-pity. She ran when she could run. She played when she could play, and she danced when she could dance. And, when she could do ___42___ of these things, she took her medicine, and she waited until she ___43___.
Jenny never competed in a sport. She could not even take part in a gym class. Jenny continued to have one operation after another on her ___44___. Finally, her hearing improved to 60%, and she taught herself to ___45___ lips.
She was ___46___ popular and funny, attending every football game, and cheering the team on. She carried her pillow everywhere she went, so that she could ___47___ the pain, when she sat down. Then came her senior year. She would be considered for scholarships; however, school activities, especially ___48___, could often mean the ___49___ between receiving an award and losing out.
So Jenny came to a decision. She ___50___ the high school football coach to let her participate. She got her best friend to sign up with her. Finally the coach ___51___, saying, “If you miss one game, you are out!” So, Jenny became a member o the Garrett High School Football Team.
She carried bottles of water to her teammates. She did much preparation work for the team. She worked so actively that it ___52___ to be one of the best year for the Garrett High School Football Team, in its 25-year history.
When asked why he thought the team was winning all their games, even in the ___53___ of injury, one team member explained, “Well, when you’ve been knocked down, and you can’t seem to move, you ___54___ and see Jenny Lewis. It makes anything the rest of us may suffer seem pretty ___55___.”
36. A. trials B. examinations C. experiments D. treatments
37. A. control B. power C. strength D. pressure
38. A. through B. across C. over D. above
39. A. expressed B. wore C. took D. made
40. A. love B. admiration C. envy D. desire
41. A. speaking B. talking C. sharing D. voicing
42. A. nothing B. all C. none D. some
43. A. would B. could C. should D. might
44. A. ears B. legs C. arms D. mouth
45. A. see B. learn C. read D. hear
46. A. never B. totally C. occasionally D. seldom
47. A. struggle B. lose C. stop D. ease
48. A. grades B. relationships C. sports D. communication
49. A. importance B. difference C. chance D. choice
50. A. begged B. demanded C. required D. managed
51. A. gave out B. gave in C. held up D. held on
52. A. turned over B. turned out C. turned up D. turned in
53. A. sight B. fear C. risk D. face
54. A. looked down B. looked in C. looked up D. looked out
55. A. different B. worth C. difficult D. unimportant
完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and you are 36 . You have an important dinner engagement that evening so you 37 to take an hour nap. Instead of setting your alarm you ask a friend who is visiting to wake you in an hour. He 38.
Two hours later, your friend wakes you. You ask, “Why didn’t you wake me after one hour?” He 39 that he thought you asked him to wake you in two hours and that is what he said. You then have to run around and get ready 40 , muttering to yourself about how you 41 have set the alarm rather than asking your friend to wake you. Had you done that, you would not have been so 42 to get ready.
Your conclusion is correct. Your 43 of what happened looked at the system you used. Your friend’s 44 to wake you resulted from a miscommunication. 45 he didn’t hear you correctly or you misspoke.
46 at the situation from the point of view of being personally responsible is always better than blaming yourself or another. So how do you best be “responsible” in this situation? The answer is 47 in systems thinking.
Dr. W. Edward Deming is the American statistician who is credited with 48 the quality practices to Japan. 49 his arrival in that country in 1950, the label “made in Japan” was synonymous with inferior(劣等的) quality. Now the same “made in Japan” label is synonymous(等同) with 50 quality.
So what did Dr. Deming teach the Japanese that made such a 51 to the quality of their products? The answer is quite simple, yet profound. 52 on years of statistical analysis, Deming was able to validate(证明) that 94 % of all failures are not because people don’t want to do a good job. The fact is that 53 people want to do a good job.
What, then, is the 54 if it’s not the people?
It’s the system. The system failed in 94% of the 55 , not the people.
36. A. relaxed B. puzzled C. concerned D. tired
37. A. try B. decide C. promise D. expect
38. A. agrees B. admits C. accepts D. adopts
39. A. wonders B. doubts C. replies D. requests
40. A. carelessly B. quickly C. angrily D. suddenly
41. A. should B. could C. might D. would
42. A. slow B. rushed C. uncertain D. satisfied
43. A. understanding B. presentation C. description D. analysis
44. A. forgetfulness B. unwillingness C. failure D. fault
45. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Whether
46. A. Glaring B. Staring C. Glancing D. Looking
47. A. left B. found C. received D. completed
48. A. bringing B. turning C. fetching D. leading
49. A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since
50. A. different B. poor C. best D. high
51. A. difference B. destruction C. decoration D. distinction
52. A. Based B. Relied C. Focused D. Counted
53. A. few B. fewer C. more D. most
54. A. reason B. cause C. effect D. result
55. A. incidents B. accidents C. cases D. actions
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry going into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is 36I became an animal collector in the first37.The answer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say 38was not the conventional “mamma” or “daddy”, 39 the word “zoo”, which I would 40over and over again with a shrill41until someone, in order to 42 me up, would take me to the zoo.When I 43a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great 44of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time 45 the countryside in search of fresh samples to 46 my collection of pets. 47 I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student48 , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches, 49were not easy to keep at home.When I left, I 50had enough money of my own to be able to 51 my first trip and I have been going 52ever since then .Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of 53 ,it is certainly a job which will appeal 54 all those who love animals and 55.
36. A.how B.where C.when D.whether
37.A.region B.field C.place D.case
38.A.clearly B.quickly C.feelingly D.proudly
39. A.except B.but C.except for D.but for
40. A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat
41. A.sound B.noise C.voice D.tone
42. A.close B.shut C.stop D.comfort
43. A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.is growing
44. A.many B.amount C.number D.supply
45. A.examining B.expanding C.exploiting D.exploring
46. A.devote B.receive C.add D.multiply
47. A.Later B.Thus C.Still D. Yet
48. A.agent B. assistant C.member D.keeper
49. A.who B.that C.as D.which
50. A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully
51. A finance B.provide C.allow D. pay
52. A.normally B.regularly C.usually D.often
53. A.expectations B.sorrows C.excitement D.disappointments
54. A.for B.with C.to D.from
55. A.voyage B.travel C.journey D.trip
第三节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Friendship has great power, and it can inspire the people in trouble as well as in easy circumstances.
Recently, one of my best friends, whom I've 21just about everything with since the first day of kindergarten, spent the weekend with me. Since I 22 to a new town several years ago, we've both always looked forward to 23 times a year when we can see each other.
Over the weekend, we 24 hours and hours, staying up late 25 the night, talking about the people she was hanging around with. She started telling me stories about her new boyfriend, about how he 26 with drugs and was into other self-destructive[自毁] 27 . I was blown away! She told me how she had been 28 to her parents about where she was going and even sneaking out to see this guy because they didn't want her around him. No matter 29hard I tried to tell her that she deserved better, she didn't believe me. Her self-respect seemed to have disappeared.
I tried to convince her that she was ruining her future and heading for big 30 . I felt like I was getting 31 . I just couldn't believe that she really thought it was acceptable to hang with a bunch of losers, especially her boyfriend.
By the time she left, I was really worried about her and 32 by the experience. It had been so 33 , I had come close to telling her several times during the weekend that maybe we had just grown too far apart to continue our friendship - but I didn't. I put the 34 of friendship to the 35 test. We'd been friends for far too long. I had to hope that she 36 me enough to know that I was trying to save her from hurting herself. I wanted to believe that our friendship could conquer anything.
A few days 37 , she called to say that she had thought long and hard about our 38 , and then she told me that she had 39 with her boyfriend. I just listened on the other end of the phone with tears of joy running down my face. It was one of the 40 rewarding moments in my life. Never had I been so proud of a friend.
21. A. divided B. shared C. experienced D. enjoyed
22. A. got B. traveled C. moved D. arrived
23. A. the few B. the little C. few D. little
24. A. took B. spared C. offered D. spent
25. A. into B. in C. for D. at
26. A. supplied B. experimented C. tried D. provided
27. A. action B. movements C. behavior D. activities
28. A. explaining B. speaking C. calling D. lying
29. A. what B. why C. how D. however
30. A. trouble B. worry C. difficulty D. task
31. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere
32. A. burned down B. turned down C. turned out D. worn out
33. A. discouraging B. encouraging C. exciting D. inspiring
34. A. strength B. force C. power D. energy
35. A. last B. final C. late D. recent
36. A. treated B. regarded C. honored D. valued
37. A. later B. after C. ago D. before
38. A. information B. dialogue C. conversation D. communication
39. A. broken out B. broken up C. broken away D. broken off
40. A. luckily B. correctly C. naturally D. truly
完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A certain good woman one day said something that hurt her best friend of many years. She __36__ immediately and would have done anything to have taken the words back. What she said __37__ her friend so much that this good woman was hurt herself for the pain she caused. In a(an) __38_ to undo what she had done, she went to an older, wiser woman in the village to ask for 39 .
Listening to her, the older woman __40__ the younger woman’s great pain and knew she must help her. She __41__ knew she could never ease her pain, __42__ she could teach. She knew the result would depend only on the __43__ of the younger woman. She said, “Tonight, take your best feather __44__ and put a single feather on the doorstep of each __45__ in town before the sun rises.”
The young woman __46__ home to prepare for her words, even if the feather pillow were very dear to her. All _47__ long, she worked alone in the cold. __48__ the sky was getting light and she placed the last feather on the steps of the last house. Just as the sun rose, she _49__ to the older woman.
“Now,” said the wiser woman, “Go back and refill your pillow with the __50__ you have put on the steps. Then everything will be as it was before.”
“You know that is __51__ ! The wind blew away each feather as fast as I put them on the doorsteps!”The young woman was very __52 _ .
“That is true, ” said the older woman. “Never __53_ . Each of your words is like a feather in the wind. _54_ spoken , no effort can ever return them to your mouth. __55__ your words well and guard them most of all in the presence of those you love.”
36. A . called B. apologized C. regretted D. wrote
37. A. hurt B. missed C . impressed D. gave
38. A. effect B. effort C. letter D. offer
39. A. view B. money C. comfort D. advice
40. A. sensed B. reminded C. noticed D. reduced
41. A. hardly B. still C. also D. yet
42. A. so B. and C. for D. but
43. A. patience B. attitude C. character D. words
44. A. coat B. cap C. quilt D. pillow
45. A. stair B. house C. gate D. street
46. A. hurried B. drove C. rode D. walked
47. A. day B. morning C. night D. afternoon
48.A. Again B. Finally C. Suddenly D. lately
49. A. referred B. turned C. returned D. devoted
50. A. sand B. money C. step D. feather
51. A.useless B . impossibe C. unnecessary D. boring
52. A .surprised B. right C. puzzled D. angry
53. A. admit B. mind C. remember D. forget
54. A. Once B. Though C. Unless D. As
55. A. Speak B. Choose C . Say D. Guide