“Clothes make the man” goes the old saying. Many people believe clothing choices say a lot about character as well as social status.
People adopt some kind of style in daily life, usually because they are trying to fit in with certain surroundings or show their connection to a particular group, says German image consultant Beatrix Isabel Lied. This means that people use clothing to send signals to those around them: The wearer of a black polo-neck sweater (套头圆领毛衣) might be an artist, an educated man or an architect. Outdoor and nature-loving types tend to choose weatherproof （防风雨的）jackets and durable shoes instead. Women usually spend more time on clothes than men.
“Clothing is not only an expression of taste, but also an expression of attitude,” says Lied.
According to style advisor Lisa Zimmermann from Berlin, there is nothing superficial (肤浅的) about judging people by the clothes they wear. “It's about the famous first 10 seconds, which is all it takes to make an impression,” she says.
Apart from material, Zimmermann believes people, whether consciously or unconsciously, choose a color, which they believe suits them and the situation.
Different colors can produce different effects. Black signals a sense of being something special, and it also stands for concentration. Blue, the color of the sky, stands for pragmatism (实用主义) and intellect (知识分子). “It is the color of power,” says Zimmermann. Red clothing gets the wearer noticed and can indicate an outgoing character. Yellow stands for cheerfulness and optimism, while pink is naturally the most romantic of colors.
Experts say it is important to be aware of the meanings of particular colors, which can vary a lot between different cultures.
What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?
Clothes can decide what a man’s job is.
Clothes can tell us whether a person is really a man.
Clothes can tell us about a man’s character and social position.
Clothes can help us choose our life style.
According to Lied, an artist might wear ____________.
A. a black polo-neck sweater B. weatherproof jackets
C. nature-loving types D. a red sweater
Lisa Zimmermann believes____________.
A. there is something wrong with judging people by what they wear
B. there is nothing wrong with judging people by what they wear
C. people usually choose what they believe suits them and the situation consciously
D. people usually choose what they believe suits them and the situation unconsciously
What color stands for concentration?
A. Black. B. Blue. C. Red D. Pink
Which sentence is true according to the passage?
In different cultures, colors mean the same.
In different cultures, colors mean different things.
In different cultures, different colors can produce the same effect.
In different cultures, different colors can produce different effects.
Every year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii, Italy. They see the sight that Pompeii is famous for—its stadium and theaters, its shops and restaurants. The tourists do not, however, see Pompeii’s people. No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2,ooo years.
Once Pompeii was a busy city of 22,000 people. It lay at the foot of Mt Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano. Mt Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt safe. But they were not. In August of the year 79 AD, Mt Vesuvius erupted. The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge black cloud rose into the air. Soon stones and hot ashes began to fall on Pompeii. When the eruption ended two days later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes. Almost all of its people were dead.
For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stones and ashes. Then in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii. Slowly, carefully, Ginseppe and his men dug. The city almost looked the same as it had looked in 79 AD. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium with 20,000 seats. Perhaps the most important of all, there were everyday objects, which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii. Many glasses and jars had some dark blue color in the bottom, so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine. They liked bread too; metal bread pans were in every bakery. In one bakery there were 81 round, flat loaves of bread—a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today. Tiny boxes filled with a dark, shiny powder tell us that women liked to wear eye-makeup.
Ginseppe has died, but his work continues. One-fourth has not been uncovered yet. Scientists are still digging, still making discoveries that draw the tourists to Pompeii. Why do large number of people come to Pompeii each year?
| A．To visit the volcano. | B．To shop and eat there. |
| C．To watch sports and plays. | D．To see how Pompeiians lived. |
Why did the city uncovered look almost the same as it had looked in 79 AD ?
| A．Because Ginseppe and his men dug it slowly and carefully. |
| B．Because the city was buried alive and remained untouched. |
| C．Because scientists successfully rebuilt the city with everyday objects. |
| D．Because nobody had lived in the city ever since the volcano erupted. |
What do we know about the Pompeiians who lived 2,000 years ago?
A. They lived more or less the same as Italians now do.
B. They liked women wearing all kinds of makeup.
C. They enjoyed a lazy life with drinking and eating.
D. They went back to Pompeii after the eruption in 79 AD.
As a youngster, there was nothing I liked better than Sunday afternoons at my grandfather’s farm in western Pennsylvania. Surrounded by miles of winding stone walls, the house and field provided endless hours of fun for a city kid like me. I was used to tidy living rooms that seemed to whisper, "Not to be touched!"
I can still remember one afternoon when I was eight years old. Since my first visit to the farm, I had wanted more than anything to be allowed to climb the stone walls surrounding the houses. My parents would never approve. The walls were old; some stones were missing, others loose and falling. Still, my idea to climb across those walls grew so strong that finally, one spring afternoon, I had all my courage to enter the living room, where the adults had gathered after Sunday dinner.
"I, uh-I want to climb the stone walls," I said. Everyone looked up. "Can I climb the stone walls? "Immediately voices of disagreement went up from the women in the room. "Heavens, no!" You'll hurt yourself!" I wasn't too disappointed; the response was just as I'd expected. But before I could leave the room, I was stopped by my grandfather's loud voice. "Now hold on just a minute," I heard him say. "Let the boy climb the stone walls. He has to learn to do things for himself."
Many years have passed since then, and today I host the television program Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood, seen by millions of children throughout America. There have been changes over the years, but one thing remains the same: my message to children at the end of almost every visit. "There's only one person in this whole world like you," the kids can count on hearing me say, "and people can like you exactly as you are.”When the writer was small, he lived.
| A．in the city | B．on the farm |
| C．with his grandparents | D．away from his parents |
The writer enjoyed his visits to the farm because.
| A．there were old stone walls. | B．it was an exciting place for him. |
| C．he liked his grandfather. | D．the living room there was clean |
The underlined word “approve” in paragraph 2 means.
| A．prove | B．suppose | C．allow | D．mind |
We can learn from the passage that the writer was.
| A．adventurous | B．funny | C．smart | D．talkative |
Here are six steps to better studying.
Pay attention in class
Do you have trouble paying attention in class? Are you sitting next to a loud person? Tell your teacher or parents about any problem that is preventing you from paying attention.
Take good notes
Write down facts that your teacher mentions or writes on the board. Try to use good handwriting so you can read your notes later. It’s a good idea to keep your notes organized by subject.
Plan ahead for tests and projects
Waiting until Thursday night to study for Friday’s test will make it hard to do your best. One of the best ways to make sure that doesn’t happen is to plan ahead. Write down your test dates. You can then plan how much to do after school each day, and how much time to spend on each topic.
Break it up
Ask for help
You can’t study effectively if you don’t understand the material. Be sure to ask your teacher for help. If you’re at home when the confusion occurs, your morn or dad might be able to help.
Sleep tight
So the test is tomorrow and you’ve followed your study plan—but suddenly you can’t remember anything! Don’t panic. Your brain needs time to digest all the information you’ve given it. Try to get a good night’s sleep and you’ll be surprised by what comes back to you in the morning.We know from the passage that a loud person is.
| A．a student who always answers questions loudly in class |
| B．someone who likes to talk with others in a loud voice |
| C．a student who likes speaking with others in class |
| D．a person who makes a lot of noise in public places |
According to the author, which of the following is an effective studying method?
| A．Don’t try to review everything you have learned in one go. |
| B．Try to review what you’ve learned in one go. |
| C．To read all your notes the night before the test. |
| D．Try to remember everything on the first try. |
If you don’t understand what you have learnt, you can.
| A．read your notes over and over again |
| B．turn to people around you for help |
| C．put aside the material for later review |
| D．ask your teacher to explain it the next day |
By saying “Sleep tight”, what does the author mean?
| A．Sleep again after waking up. | B．Sleep holding your breath deep. |
| C．Get a good night’s sleep. | D．Go to sleep early every night. |
The internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card(信用卡) fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal Website(非法网站). Websites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care Online shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.
The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computer hackers(黑客)have broken down security(安全) system, raising questions about the safety of card holder information.
Several months ago, 25,000 customers of a CD universe, an online music retailer(批发商), were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Website after the retailer refused to pay US $ 157,828 to get back the information.
Credit-card firms are now fighting against online fraud. Master-card is working on plans for Web only credit-card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping online. However , there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
Ask about your credit-card firm’s online rules: under British law, cardholders are responsible for the first US $ 78 of any fraudulent spending. And shop only at secure sites: send your credit-card information only if the Website offers advanced secure system.
If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The Website address may also start http://--the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone.
Keep your password safe: most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your password with care.The underlined word “fraud” in the first paragraph probably means ______.
| A．cheating | B．sale | C．payment | D．use |
According to this passage most people worry about shopping on the Internet because ______.
| A．a great number of stolen credit-cards are sold on the Internet every day |
| B．fraud on the Internet happens very often |
| C．many Websites break down every day |
| D．there are too many illegal Websites on the Internet |
Thieves usually get the information of the credit-card ______.
| A．because many customers lost their cards |
| B．by paying money for people working in the information companies |
| C．because of the carelessness of the customers |
| D．by stealing the information from Websites |
If the passwords of your credit-cards are not probably kept, _____.
| A．the bank and the shop will suffer great losses |
| B．you will not be able to get back your information |
| C．you might suffer great losses |
| D．the bank will answer for your loss |
What’s the best title of the passage?
| A．How to Beat Online Credit-card Thieves |
| B．How to Shop on the Internet |
| C．Never Use Credit-card Without an Advanced Computer |
| D．Why Thieves Steal Credit-card Information |
I had an experience some years ago, which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to hold two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “ full of years”, as the Bible would say. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence(吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.
At the first home, the son of the deceased(已故的)woman said to me, “ If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “ If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today.. that long airplane ride, the sudden change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”
You see that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out bad, they believe that the opposite course—keeping Mother at home, putting off the operation—would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?
There are seem to be two elements involved in our willingness to feel guilty. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens that leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.
The second element is the view that we are the cause of what happens , especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believe that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood.
A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him , and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that childish view that our wishes cause things to happen.What is said about the two diseased elderly women?
| A．They lived out a natural life |
| B．They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride |
| C．They weren’t used to the change in weather. |
| D．They died due to lack of care by family members. |
The author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because ______.
| A．he wanted to comfort the two families |
| B．he was an official from the community |
| C．he had great pity for the deceased |
| D．he was minister of the local church |
People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because _____.
| A．they couldn’t find a better way to express their sorrow |
| B．they believe that they were responsible |
| C．they had neglected the natural course of events |
| D．they didn’t know things often turn in the opposite direction |
According to the passage, the underlined part in paragraph 4 probably means that_____.
| A．everything in the world is predetermined |
| B．the world can be interpreted in different ways |
| C．there is an explanation for everything in the world |
| D．we have to be sensible in order to understand the world |
What’s the idea of the passage?
| A．Life and death is an unsolved mystery. |
| B．Every story should have a happy ending. |
| C．Never feel guilty all the time because not every disaster is our fault. |
| D．In general, the survivors will feel guilty about the people who passed away. |