All penguins (企鹅) swim in cold waters and so need a good layer of insulation (隔离), some species come ashore in hot places.Humboldt penguins,for example,nest in arid hot - 40°C, deserts on the west coast of South America, while others survive the lowest temperatures of any animals.Male Emperor penguins,as we know, spend the Antarctic winters incubating eggs in temperatures that can fall below -70°C. The insulation is provided in layers, under the skin is a thick layer of fat, then there is a layer of downy feathers that trap air, and finally another layer of waterproof feathers that keep the cold water away from the skin. With all this insulation penguins have no problem keeping warm at temperatures down to about -10°C - although they have special adaptations of the circulatory system to keep their feet from freezing and to prevent much heat loss through the feet that are on the ice. At lower temperatures penguins have to huddle (蜷缩) together to keep warm. In such huddles the penguins gradually move from the hot interior to the cold outside so that every penguin has his turn in the middle and on the outside.
In hot climates, penguins suffer greatly from overheating. They use several strategies to lose heat. They puff up their feathers so that air can circulate to their skin; they hold their flippers（脚蹼）out from their bodies and pump hot blood to them so that they can act as radiators; they open their mouths and breathe to lose heat from their hot breath; and those species that live in hot climates also have several bare patches of skin around the eyes and feet, they send blood to these bare patches when they are hot - you can recognize a hot penguin since it will have pink eye patches and pink patches on its feet.
77. Which of the following are the ways for penguins to keep warm?
a. staying together in good social order
b. several layers as radiators
c. a special circulatory system d. waterproof feathers
e. sending blood to bare patches
f. always staying in the middle
A. a, b, c B. a, c, d C. b, c, e D. c, d, f
78. The insulation consists of _______ layers.
A. two B. three C. four D. five
79. The underlined "puff up" in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A. breathe deeply B. blow up C. hold tight D. spread out
80. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how penguins stay warm in cold places B. that penguins are a clever animal
C. how penguins keep their temperature D. why penguins can live a safe life
Once there was a king. He had two old ministers. One was kind and the other was bad. The bad minister often said bad words about the kind minister before the king. The king was very angry.
One day the king said to the bad minister , “Write two words on two pieces of paper. Write ‘live’ on one piece and ‘die’ on the other . Then put them in a jar and tell him to choose. If he takes out the paper with ‘live’ on it , I will let him go. If he takes out the paper with ‘die’ on it ,I will kill him at once.”
The bad minister was quite happy. He got two pieces of paper ready. He wrote “die” on each piece of paper.
The kind old man came. He knew the bad minister wanted to kill him. He also knew the words on the two pieces both “die”, but he knew what to do. Later the king had to keep his word and let the old minister go. Do you k now what the kind man do about this at that time?The king was angry with .
| A．himself | B．the kind minister | C．the bad minister | D．the two ministers |
was told to write “live” and “die”.
| A．The king | B．The kind minister | C．The bad minister | D．The two ministers |
There is no “live” on both pieces of paper because .
| A．the kind minister didn’t want it. |
| B．the bad minister couldn’t write the word |
| C．the king told the bad minister not to write it |
| D．the bad minister hated the kind minister and wanted to kill him |
must be disappointed in the end .
| A．The king | B．The kind minister | C．The bad minister | D．All the other ministers |
To me, life without music would not be exciting. I realize that this is not true for everybody. Many people get along quite well without going to the concert, and listening to the record. But music plays an important part in everyone's life, whether he realizes it or not. Try to imagine, for example, what films or TV plays would be like without music. Would the feelings, the moving plot, and the greatest interests, be so exciting or dramatic? I'm not sure about it.
Now, we have been speaking of music in its more common meaning—the kind of music we hear in the concert hall. But if we look at some parts of music more closely, we discover them in our everyday life too—in the rhythm of the sea, the melody of a bird in the woods and so on. So music surely has meaning for everyone, in some way or other. And, of course, it has special meaning for those who have spent all their lives working on playing or writing music.
It is well said, “Through music a child enters into a world of beauty, expresses himself from his heart, feels the joy of doing things alone, learns to take care of others, develops his mind and makes his body strong.”What dose the writer say more about in the text?
| A．Life full of music. |
| B．Life without music. |
| C．The importance of music. |
| D．The development of music. |
What does the underlined word “melody” mean in the text?
| A．flying | B．looking |
| C．singing | D．living |
From the last paragraph, we learn that music________.
| A．is very important, especially for children |
| B．is very necessary for our everyday life |
| C．can make our life exciting and dramatic |
| D．can enter into another beautiful world |
Isthereanythingmoreimportantthanhealth?Idon’tthinkso.“Healthisthegreatestwealth.”wisepeoplesay.Youcan’tbegoodatyourstudiesorworkwellwhenyouareill.Ifyouhaveaheadache,toothache,backache,earacheorbadpaininthestomach,ifyoucomplainofabadcough,ifyourunahightemperatureandhaveabadcold,orifyousufferfromhighorlowbloodpressure,Ithinkyoushouldgotothedoctor. Thedoctorwillexamineyourthroat,feelyourpulse,testyourbloodpressure,takeyourtemperature,soundyourheartandlungs,testyoureyes,checkyourteethorhaveyourchestX-rayed.Afterthathewilladvisesometreatment,orsomemedicine.Theonlythingyouhavetodoistofollowhisadvice.Speakingaboutdoctor’sadvice,Ican’thelptellingyouafunnystory. Anoldgentlemancametoseethedoctor.Themanwasveryill.Hetoldthedoctorabouthisweakness,memorylossandseriousproblemswithhisheartandlungs.Thedoctorexaminedhimandsaidtherewasnomedicineforhis
disease. Hetoldhispatienttogotoaquietplaceforamonthandhaveagood
rest.Healsoadvisedhimtoeatalotofmeat,drinktwoglassesofredwine everydayandtakelongwalks.Inotherwords,thedoctoradvisedhimto
followtherule:“Eatatpleasure,drinkwithmeasureandenjoylifeasitis.”Thedoctoralsosaidthatifthemanwantedtobewellagain,heshouldn’tsmokemorethanonecigaretteaday.Amonthlaterthegentlemancameintothedoctor’soffice.Helookedcheerfulandhappy.Hethankedthedoctor
andsaidthathehadneverfeltahealthierman.“ Butyouknow,doctor,”hesaid,“it’snoteasytobeginsmokingatmyage.”Thewriterthinksthat_____.
| A．healthismoreimportantthanwealth |
| B．workisasimportantasstudies |
| C．medicineismoreimportantthanpleasure |
| D．nothingismoreimportantthanmoney |
Thedoctorusuallytellshispatientwhattodo______.
| A．withoutexaminingthepatient |
| B．afterhehasexaminedthepatient |
| C．ifthepatientdoesn’ttakemedicine |
| D．unlessthepatientfeelspain |
Fromthelastsentenceofthepassage,welearntheman_______beforethedoctortoldhimnottosmokemorethanonecigaretteaday.
| A．wasaheavysmoker | B．didn’tsmokesomuch |
| C．didn’tsmoke | D．begantolearntosmoke |
WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
| A．Thedoctorusuallytestshis/herbloodpressurewhenapersonisill. |
| B．Themantoldthedoctorhecouldn’trememberthings. |
| C．Themanthankedthedoctor. |
| D．Themandidn’tfollowthedoctor’sadvice. |
Dear Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul,
Most people don’t really know what pressures a typical teenager has to go through. Sure, our parents and grandparents were once teens, but things are so different now. It has never been to tougher (严格)to a teenager.
It had never been more important to be in the “right group” or to have the “right brand” of shoes. And those are the easy things to deal with. We also face problems with family, friends, relationships and school pressures.
When it gets to be too much, I turn to my friends. One friend I could not live without is Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul. Your books have been so inspiring to me and have helped me to deal with and understand the problems I go through.
For example, I went through a confusing time with my friends when we got to junior high. I had known these friends since kindergarten, and when we began junior high it seemed like some of them began to change. We started hanging out with different groups, and we slowly grew so far apart that it seemed as if we had never been friends. I felt confused and hurt.
Sometime during this period I read the story Friends Forever in Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul Ⅱ.I felt so much better after reading it. It was like a weight had been lifted from me when I realized that many friendships went through changes and that we weren’t the only friends to experience them.
People change, but that doesn’t mean we have to lose the friendships we once shared. My friends and I still spend time together when we can and care about each other a lot. That things are different doesn’t mean I have to forget about all the good times we had. I will always keep the memories in a safe place in my heart.
Sincerely,
PeterAccording to the author, parents and grandparents
| A．didn’t have to overcome difficulties when in their teens. |
| B．don’t fully understand the pressures of being a teenager now |
| C．can easily deal with things such as choosing friends and shoes. |
| D．don’t need to give help to teenagers with pressures and problems |
Why did the author feel confused and hurt when he got to junior high？
| A．Because he was afraid that he had lost his friends. |
| B．Because he and his friends weren’t in the same school. |
| C．Because he was too busy to be with his friends. |
| D．Because his friends refused to hang out with him. |
What does the underlined word “them” in Para．5 refer to？
| A．Friendships． | B．Changes． | C．Friends． | D．Pressures |
In the letter the author mainly tells us that
| A．people change but friendships always last. |
| B．changes sometimes cause hurt and confusion |
| C．people will go through many changes in life |
| D．friendships should be kept with skills |
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and even cancer.
Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Some burst with anger and scream and yell. But others keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones(荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. In general the person feels excited and ready to act.
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, "Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably."
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger."Damaging emotion" means that _____________.
| A．the emotion is harmless | B．the emotion is harmful |
| C．the feeling is very strong | D．the feeling is hard |
According to the author, you'd better __________
| A．never be angry |
| B．cool down your anger before you express it |
| C．laugh and laugh when you get angry |
| D．admit you are wrong when you are angry |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The types of anger. | B．How to release anger. |
| C．Causes of anger. | D．The damage to health caused by being angry. |