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Eat, drink and be merry. That’s what Spring Festival is all about. But there are millions of people, too, who love to let happiness go up in smoke.
Offering cigarettes to guests is a traditional Chinese way of showing respect to them. A cup of tea and cigarettes are perhaps the most common way of welcoming a guest in China, especially during festive occasions.
No wonder, 40 percent of the people surveyed(调查) recently said they would smoke at least twice the usual number of cigarettes during the Spring Festival because of all those gatherings and parties. Only 20 percent of the respondents said they would refuse a cigarette when offered one. Why can’t the others do the same? Because they could be seen as being rude, said more than half in the respondents. 15 percent feared they could be taken as “someone who cannot get along well with others”.
The Think-tank Research Centre for Health Development and sohu. com survey shows 61 percent Chinese think offering a cigarette is useful for socialising, and 52 percent have offered cigarettes to others. The study surveyed 3,800 people, and 64 percent of them were men.
One-third of those surveyed were smokers, out of which 57 percent said they couldn’t give up smoking because of the offering-and-accepting culture. “People have accepted offering cigarettes as an effective way of making friends,” research centre director Wu Yiqun says.
China has more than 350 million smokers, catering to the tobacco market that is worth 500 billion yuan. “The survey shows we still have a lot of work to do,” Wu says. “It is time to let people know that offering a cigarette is a bad habit and it should be given up immediately.”
The passage is written with the purpose of ________.

A.telling us a custom about the Chinese Spring Festival
B.introducing a way to make friends with Chinese
C.stopping smoking during the Chinese Spring Festival
D.telling us that offering cigarettes is a bad habit

The third paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A. the fact that smokers are greatly increasing during the festival
B. the reason why refusing cigarettes is acceptable
C. the fact that many people have to smoke more cigarettes during the festival
D. it is rude to attend parties without smoking cigarettes
Which of the following may NOT be the reason that makes many people fail to refuse the offered cigarettes?

A.It’s impolite to refuse. B.Smoking is harmful for non-smokers.
C.They want to be friendly D.It’s a kind of social habit.

The writer mentions the 500 billion yuan tobacco market because ________.

A.the tobacco market is not developing smoothly
B.the writer thinks that smoking wastes a lot of money
C.smoking is helpful to the tobacco market
D.the tobacco market attracts too many smokers
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Robert Ballard was born in 1942. From an early age, he loved the sea. Ballard grew up in Southern California. He spent his free time at the beach near his home. He enjoyed fishing and swimming. He even learned to dive.
When Ballard wasn’t at the ocean, he loved reading about it. At age 10, he read 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo. Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up. His parents helped him follow his dream.
Ballard was a hardworking student. He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean. By the age of 28, he was an expert. In 1970, he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in Massachusetts. There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean. He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.
Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea animals. These animals lived far below the ocean’s surface, where scientists had believed no animals could live.
By the 1980s, Ballard’s interests changed. He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom. His first find, the well-known ship Titanic, made Ballard famous. He was not happy with just one big find, however. He looked for — and found — other well-known ships. One was the German battleship Bismarck. Another was the U.S. Yorktown, an aircraft carrier that sank during World War II.
Today Robert Ballard is still an underwater explorer. He also heads an organization that encourages students to learn about science. Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps. After all, the world’s huge oceans are mostly unknown. Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?
What was Ballard’s dream when he was young?

A.To be a science teacher.
B.To be an animal expert.
C.To be a famous writer.      
D.To be an underwater explorer.

When Ballard worked at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, he _____.

A.explored the undersea world by ship
B.thought of ideas to predict underwater volcanoes
C.found some unknown sea animals alone
D.set up an organization to teach students science

What can we learn from the text?

A.Ballard’s parents felt disappointed at his undersea adventures.
B.Ballard didn’t like fishing and swimming in his childhood.
C.Ballard was greatly influenced by 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.
D.Human beings have explored more than half of the sea.

Taking a picture of your tongue with a mobile phone could soon instantly tell you how healthy you are. Researchers believe the images can reveal important information about a patient’s health and even give them early warning of serious illness.
A team at the University of Missouri is developing a system that can analyze pictures using a 5,000-year-old Chinese principle, which is based on the flow and balance of positive and negative energies in the body, and uses the tongue as a key to learning about a person’s physical health, or “zheng” according to Chinese medicine.
“Within a year, our goal is to create an application for smart phones that will allow anyone to take a photo of their tongue and learn the status of their zheng,” said Dong Xu, chair of MU’s Computer Science Department in the College of Engineering and the co-author of the latest study.
The software analyzes images based on the tongue’s color and coating to distinguish between tongues showing signs of “hot” or “cold” zheng. Shades of red and yellow are associated with hot zheng, whereas a white coating on the tongue is a sign of cold zheng.
“Hot and cold zheng doesn’t refer directly to body temperature,” said Xu, “Rather, it refers to a series of symptoms associated with the state of the body as a whole.”
For the study, 263 gastritis(胃炎) patients and 48 healthy volunteers had their tongues analyzed. The gastritis patients were classified by whether they showed infection by a certain bacteria as well as the intensity of their gastritis symptoms. In addition, most of the gastritis patients had been previously classified with either hot or cold zheng. This allowed the researchers to test the accuracy of the software’s analysis.
“Our software is able to classify people based on their zheng status. And as we continue to work on the software we hope to improve its ability,” said another co-author Ye Duan, “Eventually everyone will be able to use this tool at home using webcams or smart phone applications, which will allow them to monitor their zheng and get an early warning about possible ailments.”
The software mentioned in the passage is based on ________.

A.the latest development of smart phones
B.a traditional Chinese medical principle
C.the changes in one’s flow and energy
D.symptoms related with the state of the body

According to Chinese medicine, zheng refers to ________.

A.one’s body temperature B.the physical health of a person
C.the possible disease of a person D.the color and coating of one’s tongue

The study led by Dong Xu proves _________.

A.the effect of the software
B.the software’s great prospect
C.the advancement of smart phones
D.the greatness of Chinese medicine

The underlined word “ailments” can be replaced by _________.

A.analysis B.effects C.illnesses D.applications

It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A.the software still needs improvement
B.the subjects in the study are all gastritis
C.the software has been in market for a year
D.the subjects in the study are classified by age

A board game is a game played on a pre-marked surface or “board” according to a set of rules. Board games have been played in most cultures and societies throughout history. Do you think of yourself as a bit of an expert at board gameslikechessorGo?
Maybe you’re not quite as good as you think. New research from the University of Manchester and Oxford suggests complex games like these are impossible to learn fully. They may even be too complex for the human mind to understand.
Researchers studied two-player games, to try and understand the strategies which people use to make decisions during the game. Some games with two players are simple, with only a small number of possible moves. Players can quickly work out the best strategy but that means the game soon becomes boring.
It gets more interesting when there are many possible moves. That’s why people are so fascinated by complex board games like chess or Go, or somecard games. But what the researchers found was that with difficult games, players find it hard to work out the best strategy and theiractionsbecomeless reasonable.
This research is part of the field calledgame theory: the study of human strategic decision-making. Much thinking on how people play complex games is based on something called “the balance point”, which is when players have a perfect knowledge of what they are going to do and of what theirrivals are going to do.
When you add more than two players then of course the game becomes even harder to understand. Trading on the stock market is an example of a complex multi-player game.
Which of the following games belongs to board games?

A.football B.badminton C.swimming D.Mahjong

It can be inferred in the passage that _______.

A.the simpler the board game is, the better it is
B.people dislike board games for the complex moves
C.players are easy to lose patience when in difficult games
D.it’s possible for people to understand complex games thoroughly

If players want to get to the balance point, they should ______.

A.ask other players to work out the best strategy
B.have a good knowledge of the games they are playing
C.figure out the next actions of themselves and their opponents
D.come to a quick decision about what to do next by themselves

In which section can we read this passage in a newspaper?

A.Culture B.Discovery C.Career D.Campus

The author intends to tell us ___________.

A.a new research about board games
B.the importance of playing board games
C.how the players win board games
D.how to learn board games fully

September is an exciting month in every college freshman’s life. For many, it’s the first time that they’ve left home to live in a new environment. But after the hustle and bustle of a few weeks, excitement gives way to a less enjoyable emotion— homesickness.
Homesickness manifests itself in many ways. You may miss mum’s cooking, your pets, or even your old bed. All this becomes a fond memory of the past. Homesickness can be a bitter feeling for many students, especially when faced with the challenges of settling into an unfamiliar environment.
But remember, you’re not alone. According to a recent BBC article, 70 percent of British college students experience homesickness. In this increasingly globalized world in which people migrate to faraway places for a relationship, education or work, homesickness is a feeling shared by many adults.
Homesickness can have similar symptoms to depression and in extreme cases it can develop into a panic attack. As for the term, homesickness or nostalgia wasn’t invented until the 17th century. It was considered a disorder by a Swiss physician, who attributed soldiers’ mental and physical discomfort to their longing to return home, “nostos” from Greek, and the accompanying pain, “algos”.
Studies in recent years, however, have shown that nostalgia may have some benefits to our mental health. After a decade of surveys and researches, Constantine Sedikides, a US social psychologist, found that nostalgia is what makes us human. He explains that nostalgia can resist loneliness, boredom and anxiety. Therefore, it’s necessary for college students to learn some ways to overcome the uncomfortable feeling.
From the first two paragraphs, we can infer that __________.

A.homesickness means a fond memory of the past
B.only a few students will experience homesickness
C.homesickness is an enjoyable emotion among freshmen
D.college freshmen usually suffer from homesickness after weeks

According to the passage, we can know that _________.

A.homesickness may cause mental diseases
B.homesickness is a feeling only shared by adults
C.homesickness won’t do any good to our health
D.homesickness is also called nostalgia in Switzerland

What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A.some benefits about homesickness
B.other problems in college freshmen’s life
C.how to make campus life more meaningful
D.some tips on how to cope with homesickness

The attitude of Sedikides towards homesickness is _________.

A.negative B.supportive C.skeptical D.critical

What is the best title for the passage?

A.Let’s embrace homesickness
B.How to fit into the college life
C.A harmful emotion—homesickness
D.The disadvantages of homesickness

Most students, when asked about their ideal graduation gift, would probably reply, “A car”, or “Money for a deposit on a house”. Cai Kaiyuan, 21, made a different choice. As a graduation gift to himself, he decided to work as a volunteer teacher in a remote village in Tibet.
Cai, a senior majoring in electrical engineering at Huan Railway Professional Technology College, originally planned to cycle from Sichuan to Tibet. During his journey, Cai’s idea for a different graduation gift to himself began to take shape. “I did not know beforehand what the journey would mean to me. I just want to gain a unique experience and have pleasure in appreciating the view there,” he said.
It turned out cycling on a plateau was extremely challenging. And it has kept changing his outlook on life. Cai’s fingers even became frostbitten while cycling up a 5008-meter-high mountain, where temperatures often dropped to 18 below zero. At night, the ice covered the road and he fell off his bike three times. The lack of oxygen made him feel dizzy and weak. “At the most serious moment, I felt that my life was on the line,” said Cai.
However, he also gained something unexpected. At Ya’an, a city in Sichuan, he met a group of tourists who are also university students. A girl called Wu Ling told him that she planned to work as a teacher in a primary school in Tibet after her journey. He was impressed by the idea as she looked slender and weak.
It was not until he reached a family-run hotel in Shigatse that Cai’s spirits began to rise. The hotel manager’s two daughters enjoyed talking with him. The kids asked about his experiences on his trip, and showed him the beautiful local lakes. “They told me that they always liked to talk to guests, as they wanted to improve their Mandarin,” he said, “Their parents and many locals can only speak Tibetan.”
Cai was touched by the girls’ story. Their situation is tough and the local people have little chance to learn Mandarin because the schools are short of teachers. “I want to do something to improve the situation for kids like them,” said Cai. His parents finally gave their agreement and his teachers also supported him.
According to the passage, Cai Kaiyuan’s graduation gift to himself is _________.

A.to have money for a deposit on a house
B.to travel by cycling from Sichuan to Tibet
C.to own a new car and marry a slender girl
D.to work as a volunteer teacher in Tibetan school

What words can be used to describe Cai’s journey to Tibet?

A.unique and pleasant B.challenging but rewarding
C.relaxing but unexpected D.freezing cold and boring

The underlined phrase “on the line” in the third paragraph means “ ____________”.

A.in a dilemma B.making a phone call
C.at risk D.very painful

The purpose of writing this passage is to ____________.

A.tell us about an unusual graduation gift
B.introduce a dangerous journey to us
C.give advice on how to travel to Tibet
D.encourage us to be a teacher in Tibet

Which of the followings is NOT the reason for Cai to make his decision?

A.He met Wu Ling and was impressed by her plan.
B.His parents and teachers persuaded him to go to Tibet.
C.He was moved by the kid’s desire to improve their Mandarin.
D.A lack of teachers makes the local people have little chance to learn.

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