Astronomy (天文学) is the oldest science known to man. Thousands of years ago man looked at the stars and wondered about heavens (天堂). But the six planets that he could see with his eyes alone limited man.
The Greeks studied astronomy over 2,000 years ago. They could see the size, color, and brightness of a star. They could see its place in the sky. They watched the stars move as the seasons changed. But the Greeks had no tools to help themselves study the heavens.
Each new tool added to the field of astronomy helped man reach out into space. Until there were telescopes (望远镜), man did not know much about the moon. He did not know that the planet called Saturn (土星) had rings around it. His sight was so limited that he could not see all the planets. In the early 1700s, people thought there were only six planets. Pluto (冥王星), the last of the nine planets to be discovered was seen until 1930.
Before the spectroscopes (分光镜), man didn’t know what kind of gas was in the sun or other stars, without radio telescopes (射电望远镜), we did not know that radio noise came from far in space.
Today, astronomy is a growing science. We have learned more in the past fifty years than in the whole history of astronomy.Thousands of years ago, man watched ____ with his eyes.
| A．the moon | B．the stars | C．the universe | D．all the planets |
When the Greeks watched the stars, they could ____ .
| A．know what the stars were made of | B．not see their places in the sky |
| C．help themselves study the heavens | D．watch the stars move as the seasons changed |
Until there were ____ , man knew very little about the moon.
| A．telescopes | B．spectroscopes | C．radio telescopes | D．spaceships |
People didn’t know about Pluto until ____ .
| A．the 1700s | B．2,000 years ago | C．1930 | D．thousands of years ago |
____ people began to do research on astronomy.
| A．50 years ago | B．90 years ago | C．In the early 1700s | D．Over 2,000 years ago |
A study involving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWesl that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, are particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts than any before.
University tuition fees (学费)are currently capped at £3,000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.
In the research, the teenagers were presented with die terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average £ 31.000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just £ 17,815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than £ 10.000. Average debts for graduates are £ 12，363.
Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said. "The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively."
Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather aged 15 from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?
| A．Students understand personal finances differently. |
| B．University tuition fees in England have been rising. |
| C．Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings. |
| D．The students' payback ability has become a major issue. |
The phrase "to raise the ceiling" in paragraph 2 probably means "______".
| A．to raise the student loans | B．to improve the school facilities |
| C．to increase the upper limit of the tuition | D．to lift the school building roofs |
According to Stephen Moir, students_______.
| A．are too young to be exposed to financial issues |
| B．should learn to manage their finances well |
| C．should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans |
| D．benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance |
What can we learn from the passage?
| A．Many British teenagers do not know money matters well |
| B．Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts. |
| C．Financial planning is a required course at college. |
| D．Young people should become responsible adults. |
Zoe Chambers was a successful PR (Public Relations) consultant and life was going well — she had a great job, a beautiful flat and a busy social life in London. Then one evening in June last year, she received a text message telling her she was out of work. The first two weeks were the most difficult to live through." she said. "After everything I'd done for the company, they dismissed me by text! I was so angry and I just didn't feel like looking for another job. I hated everything about the city and my life."
Then, Zoe received an invitation from an old school friend, Kathy, to come and stay. Kathy and her husband, Huw, had just bought a farm in north-west Wales. Zoe jumped at the chance to spend a weekend away from London, and now, ten months later, she is still on the farm.
"The moment I arrived at Kathy's farm, I loved it and I knew I wanted to stay." said Zoe. "Everything about my past life suddenly seemed meaningless."
Zoe has been working on the farm since October of last year and says she has no regrets. "It's a hard life, physically very tiring." she says. "In London I was stressed and often mentally exhausted. But this is a good, healthy tiredness. Here, all I need to put me in a good mood is a hot bath and one of Kathy's wonderful dinners."
Zoe says she has never felt bored on the farm. Every day brings a new experience. Kathy has been teaching her how to ride a horse and she has learnt to drive a tractor. Since Christmas, she has been helping with the lambing — watching a lamb being born is unbelievable, she says, "It's one of the most moving experiences I've ever had. I could never go back to city life now." When working as a PR consultant in London, Zoe thought she lived a______life.
| A．satisfying | B．tough | C．meaningless | D．boring |
The most important reason why Zoe went to visit Kathy's farm is that______.
| A．Zoe lost her job as a PR consultant | B．Kathy persuaded her to do so |
| C．Zoe got tired of the city life | D．Zoe loved Wales more than London |
How does Zoe feel about the country life according to the passage?
| A．Tiresome and troublesome. | B．Romantic and peaceful |
| C．Mentally exhausting but healthy | D．Physically tiring but rewarding. |
Which of the following is closest to the main idea of the passage?
| A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. | B．Where there is a will, there is a way. |
| C．A misfortune may turn out a blessing. | D．Kill two birds with one stone. |
ASK LASKAS
YOU’VE GOT QUESTIONS. SHE'S GOT ANSWERS
My children go to a primary school where they are not allowed to play football in the playground for fear that a child might be hurt. Besides, now the school says there must be no homework because the local secondary school can't keep up with the amount of homework given in the primary school. Can the school do this?Puzzled Dad
It can't if enough parents do something about it. It is not just schools. We live in a society which wishes to get rid of risk. However, schools should have a little common sense and courage. Children need risk if they arc to grow up self-sufficient and confident. They need homework, too, if they are to fulfill their academic potential. Complain, loudly.
I have a beautiful teenage daughter who spends an hour making up her face in front of the mirror every day. I tell her to go easy. She just gets mad or bursts into tears. How can I make her understand she's beautiful the way she is.Plain Mom
You can't. Your daughter is at the age when she's trying to look beautiful, trying on new masks. And if her friends all dress up as she does, you're in for an extra hard time. Support her and tell her she's beautiful — even if she looks ridiculous for now. Then invite her to join you for a day at a spa. Let her try various looks until she's comfortable in her own skin.Why are the children not allowed to play football in the playground?
| A．The school is afraid that children might be injured. |
| B．The school is not sensible and confident. |
| C．The children don't have enough time to do homework. |
| D．The children may fail to fulfill their academic potential. |
What disturbs Plain Mom is that her daughter______.
| A．becomes mad | B．cries a lot |
| C．spends much time before the mirror | D．is not beautiful enough |
The solution to Plain Mom's problem is to______.
| A．make her daughter look less ridiculous | B．let her daughter dress up like her friends |
| C．make her daughter go to a spa every week | D．let her daughter feel herself what beauty is |
What does the underlined word spa mean?
| A．a place where water with minerals in it | B．a place where people can relax |
| C．a beauty salon | D．a swimming pool |
Lillian Hanson, a college student, expects to graduate in about two years．What makes Mrs．Hanson different from her classmates is her age-----73 years．She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years．
When Lillian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the bank to borrow money for further education．The banker gave her no encouragement．He didn’t think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college．He thought she should be at home doing work in the house or around the farm．So Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college．Mrs．Hanson never forgot her dream of getting a higher education．When her children were grown, she tried again．
She finds that it is the hardest part of going back to school at her age to sit in class for long periods of time．Because she is not as quick as she used to be, Mrs．Hanson often gets up and walks around classes to keep from getting stiff（不灵活）．At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood up to give her a warm welcome when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her aims were．Mrs．Hanson couldn’t go to college immediately after she graduated from high school because ____
| A．she hadn’t got enough money |
| B．she was a country girl |
| C．the banker ordered her not to borrow any money |
| D．the banker thought she should raise a family of nine children |
The computer students welcomed Mrs．Hanson warmly because ______．
| A．she had got an excellent result in the exam |
| B．she was good at telling funny stories |
| C．they wanted to get her help in their studies |
| D．they were deeply moved by her spirit |
Mrs．Hanson is the sort of person who ________．
| A．cares for study very much |
| B．likes to borrow money from the bank |
| C．never misses a chance to talk |
| D．tries to save any money for her family |
In which order did Mrs．Hanson do the following things?
a．she began her studies at college．
b．She finished high school．
c．She got married and gave birth of nine children．
d．She had her 73 rd birthday．
e．She went to the bank to borrow money．
| A．a c b e d | B．b e c a d | C．b c e d a | D．e d a c b |
Many people will remember the flight of the space shuttle （航天飞机）Challenger , in June, 1993．The achievement of Sally Ride, America’s first woman astronaut to fly into space, made this flight especially memorable．Students from two high schools in Camden, New Jersey, however, are likely to remember Norma rather than Sally whenever they think about the flight．
Norma didn’t travel alone．She brought about 100 companions along with her．Norma was an ant, a queen ant who, with her subjects, made up the first ant colony （群体） to travel into space．The ants were part of a science experiment designed by the students to test the effects of weightlessness on insects．
The equipment designed by the students for their colony functioned perfectly throughout the long space trip．The young scientists and their teachers were very sad to find that their insect astronauts had all died at some point before the container was returned to the school and opened．The problem did not occur in space, but on the ground after Challenger had landed．The container remained in the desert for nearly a week before the ant colony was removed．The hot, dry desert air dried out the colony’s container and the ants died from lack of moisture （水分）．
The project was termed a success because it did provide useful information．Students will continue their efforts to find out exactly what went wrong．They will try to prevent the same difficulties from recurring （再发生） on future missions ．They don’t want to be discouraged either by the death of the ants or by the $10,000 shuttle fare they will have to pay to send the next colony of ants into space．The story is mainly about．
| A．Sally Ride’s first ride |
| B．space equipment for insects |
| C．a space experiment with ants |
| D．going to school in New Jersey |
The project wasn’t a failure because．
| A．some important things were learned |
| B．dead ants are better |
| C．everything went as expected |
| D．students wrote about it |
The ants died because．
| A．weightlessness harmed them |
| B．space caused too much pain |
| C．no one fed them in space |
| D．they dried out in the desert |
On the next space trip , ants．
| A．will be sent without people |
| B．should not be left in the desert too long |
| C．will have to pay double fare |
| D．will escape the trip completely |