People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short , he has solved the problem.What is the best title for this passage?
| A．Six Stages for Repairing Sam’s Bicycle | B．Possible Ways to Problem-solving |
| C．Necessities of Problem Analysis | D．Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem |
In analyzing a problem we should do all the followingexcept .
| A．recognize and define the problem | B．look for information to make the problem clearer |
| C．have suggestions for a possible solution | |
| D．find a solution by trial or mistake |
By referring to Sam’s broken bicycle, the author intends to _________.
| A．illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle |
| B．discuss the problems of his bicycle |
| C．tell us how to solve a problem |
| D．show us how to analyze a problem |
Which of the following is NOT true?
| A．People do not analyze the problem they meet. |
| B．People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. |
| C．People may learn from their past experience. |
| D．People can not solve some problems they meet. |
As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short” means _________.
| A．in the long run | B．in detail | C．in a word | D．in the end |
A farmer had a cow. He took very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill, he was very worried. He telephoned the vet.
“What’s the problem?” The vet asked him when he arrived.
“My cow’s ill,” the farmer said. “I don’t know what's the matter with her. She’s lying down and won’t eat. She’s making a strange noise.”
The vet looked over the cow. "She’s certainly ill," he said, "and she needs to take some very strong medicine."
He took a bottle out of his box, put two pills into his hand and said, "Give her these. The pills should make her better."
“How should I give them to her?” the farmer asked.
The vet gave him a tube (管子)and said, "Put this tube in her mouth, then put the pills in the tube and blow. That’ll make it."
The next day the vet came to the farm again. The farmer was sitting outside his house and looked more worried.
“How’s your cow?” the vet asked.
“No change,” the farmer said, “and I’m feeling very strange myself.”
“Oh?” the vet said, "Why?"
“I did what you said,” the farmer answered. “I put the tube in the cow’s mouth and then put two pills down it.”
“And?” the vet asked.
“The cow blew first,” the farmer said.In the story, the vet must be _________.
| A．the farmer's friend | B．a milk factory | C．a hospital for cows | D．a doctor for animals |
The farmer asked the vet for help when his cow _______
| A．couldn't lie down | B．didn't eat the pills | C．couldn't make any noise | D．was ill |
What medicine did the vet give the farmer?
| A．Bottle of pills. | B．A long tube. | C．Two pills. | D．A small box. |
The vet taught the farmer how _________.
| A．to blow the tube | B．to make the cow take the pills |
| C．to take the medicine | D．to put the tube in his mouth |
Which of the following is true?
| A．The farmer ate the pills himself. |
| B．The cow got better after taking the medicine. |
| C．The vet came to help the farmer change the cow the next day. |
| D．The farmer waited for the vet outside his house the next day. |
Did you know that a turtle（乌龟）can lay 12 eggs in one minute? A large sea turtle lays around 150 eggs at a time. She lays all these eggs in just a few minutes.
Large sea turtles live in the warm seas of the world. Except for when they lay their eggs, they spend their whole lives in the water. When it is time to lay their eggs, the females(雌性) swim to land.
They usually return to the place where they themselves were born. How they find their way back there is unknown.
When they reach shore, the big, heavy turtles crawl slowly up to the high water mark. Using their flippers, they pull themselves along the sand. They must struggle like mountain climbers.
When they finally reach dry sand, they rest before beginning the difficult task of laying eggs.
The turtles lay the eggs in deep holes and cover them with warm sand. The sand protects the eggs from harm. Then the females leave them. After a few weeks, if you happened to be walking along the beach, you might see the sand begin to shake. You may see tiny black balls coming out of the sand. The tiny heads of baby turtles!Which sentence expresses the main idea?
| A．Sea turtles have interesting life habits. |
| B．Sea turtles swim to shore to lay their eggs. |
| C．Large sea turtles lay their eggs in special ways. |
| D．Sea turtles enjoy staying in the sand. |
The first sentence lets us know that this passage is about __________.
| A．turtles | B．oceans | C．time | D．speed |
Turtles bury their eggs to protect them from ____________.
| A．deep water | B．danger | C．heat | D．bad weather |
We can conclude from this passage that ___________.
| A．many turtles die while swimming to shore |
| B．female turtles protect their babies |
| C．once turtles land, they never return to the sea |
| D．the job of laying eggs takes great strength |
The writer compares turtles to climbers ___________.
| A．because they lay their eggs in mountain areas |
| B．to give you a picture of how hard they work |
| C．to tell you that they like to climb |
| D．to show that mountain climbers are as slow as turtles |
There are fifty states in the United States. The largest in population is California,the largest in area is Alaska. Alaska is the smallest in population and Rhode Island is the smallest in size. The oldest states are the ones along the Atlantic coast. The newest states are Alaska and Hawaii. Alaska is also the coldest state. California and Florida are the warmer. Henry and his family live in Seattle, a big city, on the Pacific coast. But Los Angeles and San Francisco, also on the Pacific coast, are larger than Seattle. Henry's cousin, Susan, lives in New York. It is the largest city in the United States. Thousands of people visit New York each year. The most important city in the United States is Washington D. C. It is the capital, but it is much smaller than New York. How many states are there in the U. S. A ?
| A．Five | B．Forty- Five. | C．Fifty | D．Fifteen. |
Which state is the largest in population?
| A．California. | B．Rhode-Island. | C．Alaska | D．Los Angeles. |
Which state is the smallest in population?
| A．Rhode Island. | B．Seattle. | C．San Francisco. | D．Alaska. |
Which of the following is true?
| A．The oldest states are the ones along the Pacific coast. |
| B．Washington is the most important and the largest city. |
| C．New York is the largest city in the United States. |
| D．Henry's cousin lives in the Seattle. |
Why is Washington D. C. the most important American city?
Because _________.
A. it is the largest cityB. it is the largest in population
C. it is the most beautiful cityD. it is the capital of the United States
Although English is not as 0old as Chinese it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating（创造）new words, and we should be able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham（火腿）? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They did not speak good English. But they ate good food. When some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef（牛肉）,they asked the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “We came from Hamburg.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round pieces of beef like what the men from Hamburger ate. Then he put them between two pieces of bread and started selling them. Today “hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting. Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too. The reason may be found in any large English dictionary. According to the writer, English ____.
| A．is as old as Chinese | B．is older than German |
| C．is not so old as Chinese | D．is very difficult to learn |
Hamburger is____.
| A．a kind of food | B．a round piece of beef |
| C．the name of a village | D．a city in Germany |
According to the story, _____.
| A．few Americans like hamburgers |
| B．hamburgers are made with beef |
| C．hamburgers are made with ham |
| D．Hamburgers were sold all over the world about a century ago. |
According to the writer, which of the following can be found in any large English dictionary?
| A．Where all the new words come from. |
| B．Where those Germans came from. |
| C．The reason why any word has a certain meaning. |
| D．The reason why English is spoken around the world. |
According to the story, the word “hamburgers” comes from_______.
| A．China because it has a long history. |
| B．England because Germans don’t speak good English. |
| C．The round pieces of beef those people from Hamburg brought to America. |
| D．English speakers because they always create new words. |
Tom was taken to the police station and put in a room with another thief, an older man.
The man looked at Tom and said, “Why have they brought you here, boy?” “I stole a small radio one day after lessons,” Tom said. The man laughed rudely at him, “you should steal something which is worth a lot if you want to be a thief. You ought to steal something really expensive, so that your name is put in the newspaper. Go and steal a lot of money from a bank next time!”
Tom thought for a few seconds and then said, “I can’t do that!” “Why can’t you?” said the older man. “Are you afraid?” “No,” said Tom, “I’m not afraid at all, but the banks are all closed at three o’clock, and my lessons don’t finish until four.” Tom was taken to the police station ________.
| A．by mistake | B．to see another thief | C．as a thief | D．on business |
Why did the older thief laugh rudely at Tom ?
| A．Because Tom lied to him |
| B．Because Tom was only a student. |
| C．Because he didn’t think a small radio was worth stealing |
| D．Because he thought Tom was too young to be a thief. |
From what Tom said, we can draw the conclusion(得出结论) that _________.
| A．He would go on stealing after he was set free. |
| B．He must have been taught while stealing |
| C．He wasn’t planning to steal from a bank |
| D．He would never be out of prison again |
Having heard what the older man said, Tom thought carefully about_______.
| A．his lessons |
| B．how to be a famous man |
| C．stealing something worth a lot |
| D．the plan to steal from a bank |
. Tom couldn’t steal from a bank because ______
| A．he was afraid of being put into prison |
| B．he wouldn’t have time to do that though he dared to |
| C．he wanted to be a good student |
| D．he did not believe in the older man |