Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine. Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot.
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.
The study appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
64. How many organizations are involved in the two studies?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six.
65. Why do running shoes increase the risk of injuries to runners?
A. They create more stress.
B. They’re too big and heavy.
C. They can affect the way the runners run.
D. Their heels can soften landings.
66. What can we learn from the text?。
A. Most running shoes are designed improperly.
B. The design of high heels is better than that of running shoes.
C. No one will run with running shoes in the future.
D. Both of the studies are done in America.
67. How did the researchers do the two studies?
A. By practising. B. By comparing.
C. By questioning. D. By reasoning.
Dear Students,
I am delighted to be your guest.
I would like to tell you about myself. I have been a news reporter
for the past fifteen years. I chose this job so I could travel the world, but the job has taught me many unforgettable lessons. The work is sometimes difficult. I have seen famines, wars, earthquakes, poverty and death. But I have also seen courage, hope and happiness.
In India, I visited a city where there were many homeless children. Some were as young as four years old. They lived in the streets and survived by begging or stealing. But then a wonderful lady called Rosa opened a home for them. Within one year, she was looking after two hundred children. She clothed them, fed them, and taught them. She gave them hope.
Another time, I was in Turkey after a terrible earthquake, in one place. I found an old lady whose house was in ruins, her son was missing and rescuer workers said there was no chance that he was still alive. But the old lady did not give up hope. For four days, she moved heavy stones one at a time by herself. She did not stop until she found her son. He was alive.
Here in China, I met a young boy with a serious condition. He had undergone twenty operations and spent nearly his whole life in hospital. I thought he would be sad, but when I met him, his smile was so warm and welcoming.
In life, we need role models that we can admire and learn from. When my life is difficult, I try to remember the courage and goodness of these three people.
60. The underlined word “ famine ” in Paragraph 2 means __________.
A. pleasure B. joy C. luck D. extreme lack of food
61. What can we learn about Rosa ?
A. She’s a rich lady and she likes to help the homeless children.
B. She’s a kind-hearted woman and she provides houses for the homeless children.
C. She’s a great mother and she looks after the homeless children.
D. She’s a good teacher and she teaches the homeless children.
62. The speaker is giving a speech to students in __________.
A. China B. Canada C. Turkey D. India
63. For what does the speaker admire the Turkish woman and the Chinese boy?
A. Their bravery. B. Their strong mind.
C. Their age. D. Their luck.
Do you have any of these bad habits ? Check yourself by answering “yes”or“no” to these questions.
a)Do you move your lips when reading silently ?
b)Do you point to words with your fingers as you read ?
c)Do you move your head from side to side as you read ?
d)Do you read one word at a time ?
If your answer “yes” to any of these questions , start at once to break the habits. If you move your lips, hold your fingers over them, or hold a piece of paper between your lips while you are reading. Then when your lips move, you will know it and stop them. If you point to words, hold the two sides of your book, one side with your left hand, the other side with your right hand. Then you won’t have a free finger to use in pointing while reading. If you move your head, place your chin in one hand, and hold your head still.
If you read no more than one word at a time, you need to work in learning to take in more words at each glance as your eyes travel across the lines of words. Even if you read fairly fast now, you can learn to even faster. As you probably have been told, the secret of fast reading is to take in whole groups of words at each glance. Read in several groups and force your eyes along the lines of words as fast as you can make them go. Anyone who practices doing these two things will be able to read faster.
56. What do you think of those habits talked about in the text _________.
A. we should remember those habits
B. they should be got rid of
C. they are difficult to get rid of
D. they are good for our studies
57. You may hold your finger over your lips while reading so as to __________.
A. hold a piece of paper between your lips
B. keep yourself from talking to others
C. tell others to be silent
D. feel whether your lips move or not
58. When your eyes travel across the lines of words, you need to __________.
A. read the words out
B. look at every word carefully
C. read several words at a time
D. remember every word
59. If you can read fairly fast now, __________.
A. you don’t need to learn to read faster
B. you can go on reading like that
C. you can learn to read even faster
D. you can enjoy reading
Archaeologists believe they are on the turning point of throwing light on the life of William Shakespeare — by excavating （发掘） what may have been the playwright’s dust hole．
Experts have begun excavating the ruins of New Place, Shakespeare’s former home in Stratford-upon-Avon, which was destroyed 250 years ago．Although little remains of the property, the team, led by Birmingham Archaeology, believes it has identified a dust hole used by the 16th century poet．
Small pieces of pottery （陶瓷） and broken clay pipe have already been found from a muddy hole on the site, which they claim could yield some of the most significant discoveries about Shakespeare in decades．The dig focuses on three areas of the property, which Shakespeare bought in 1597 when he returned to his home town from London having achieved fame — including the so-called knot garden at the back of the building．
Dr Diana Owen, Director of the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust, which owns the site, said, “We do not know if the knot garden was an area used by Shakespeare — it may have been a yard simply used by his servants．But this could actually yield some fantastic results, especially if it was an area where rubbish was thrown or the dust hole was located．”
Kevin Colls, from Birmingham Archaeology, added, “Through documentary evidence we know Shakespeare lived at New Place but we have very little information regarding the layout （布局） of the house and gardens at this time．Through archaeological fieldwork, in particular the dig of structural remains and the recovery of artefacts, we hope to fill in the blanks．”
Until October, visitors will be able to watch archaeologists and volunteers at work as they excavate the remains of the house, which was knocked down in 1759．Experts hope to unearth evidence to support theories that Shakespeare wrote many of his most famous works at the property．
71．This excavation intends to ______．
A．know something about the playwright’s dust hole
B．search for some treasure in the dust hole
C．explore the life of William Shakespeare
D．find something that Shakespeare lost
72．New Place was destroyed in the ______ century．
A．15th B．16th C．17th D．18th
73．Small pieces of pottery and broken clay pipe on the site ______．
A．could show Shakespeare’s luxurious life
B．could lead to important discoveries about Shakespeare
C．could show us that Shakespeare lived at New Place
D．could prove when New Place was knocked down
74．The underlined phrase “the blanks” in Paragraph 5 refers to ______．
A．the ruins of New Place
B．the smallest pieces of broken pottery
C．three areas of the property
D．the layout of the house and gardens of New Place
75．What can we learn from the text?
A．Shakespeare used to live at New Place．
B．Shakespeare became famous after 1597．
C．Only his servants used the knot garden．
D．Dr Diana Owen owns Shakespeare’s property．
Women might have a higher position at work, but at home their careers tend to give way to their husband’s job, with women most likely to quit when both are working long hours, according to a U．S．study．
Researcher Youngjoo Cha, from Cornell University, found that working women with a husband who worked 50 hours or more a week found themselves still doing most of the housework and the care giving and were more likely to end up quitting their jobs．
An analysis of 8,484 professional workers and 17,648 nonprofessionals from dual-earner （双职工） families showed that if women had a husband who worked 60 hours or more per week it increased the woman’s possibility of quitting her paid job by 42 percent．Cha said the possibility of quitting increased to 51 percent for professional women whose husbands work 60 hours or more per week, and for professional mothers the possibility they would quit their jobs jumped 112 percent．
However, it did not significantly affect a man’s possibility of quitting his job if his wife worked 60 hours or more per week, according to the study published in the American Sociological Review in April．For professional men, both parents and non-parents, the effects of a wife working long hours were negligible, according to the study．
“As long work-hours introduce conflict bet
ween work and family into many dual-earner families, couples often solve conflict in ways that prioritize husbands’ careers,” Cha, who used data from the U．S．Census Bureau, said in a statement．“This effect is magnified （突出） among workers in professional and managing occupations, where the criter
ion of overwork and the culture of looking after children tend to be strongest．The findings suggest that the popularity of overwork may lead many dual-earner couples to return to a traditional family pattern — breadwinning men and homemaking women．”
66．According to the text, we know that ______．
A．men prefer work long hours B．women prefer to work outside
C．men’s careers are unimportant D．women are more likely to quit jobs
67．The underlined word “negligible” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ______．
A．unimportant B．limited C．different D．obvious
68．Which statement is true according to the text?
A．When there’s conflict between work and family, a husband will give up his work．
B．Women may still do most of the housework and care for babies or children．
C．Professional women are more likely to quit the job than professional mothers．
D．A man’s chance of quitting jobs was influenced if his wife works long hours．
69．We can infer from the last sentence that ______．
A．all the workers pay more attention to looking after children
B．overwork may have no influence on dual-earner couples
C．traditionally, men usually worked to support the family
D．most dual-earner couples will return to a traditional family pattern
70．In which column of China Daily can you find this passage?
A．Health B．Life C．Sport D．Entertainment
①It’s “laughably absurd” on one blog and a “magical revolution” on another．Bloggers are talking about the same device—the Apple iPad, which hit store shelves last week．
②Tech-heads hate the iPad because it has many functions—you can e-mail, browse the Web, read books—but it has no specialty．There are other devices on the market that do all its functions faster, cheaper and more efficiently．Get a Blackberry to scan e-mails or any old laptop to access the Internet．
③This first version of the iPad lacks many basic features．Tech-heads dislike the device not because of what it offers, but because of what it doesn’t offer．It doesn’t have Flash, and it doesn’t have a camera．It can’t access many of the world’s mobile applications, and it has a very restricted apple store．Based on purely technological grounds, the iPad is said to lack more than it gives．
④But if you are not a crazy tech-head, and you love the iPod and iPhone, “this device is for you,” said Steve Jobs, Apple’s CEO．The iPad will take online activities truly mobile．It will allow you to read the news in bed, check a recipe in a busy kitchen o
r view a large-scale Google map．
⑤Perhaps most important to the masses, it is a traditional computer without trouble．There are wireless, but it’s totally mobile．You press a button and it comes on in seconds．To add a program, you just download it from the Internet．Since almost everyone uses a computer in the office or at school, the need for the traditional desktop model at home is disappearing．Slate Magazine’s Farhad Manjoo calls the iPad the perfect alternative to the home computer system．
⑥But no matter how you feel about the iPad, as a tech-head or an everyman, there’s no arguing with its appeal．Love it or hate it, the iPad sold over 600,000 units on its opening weekend, surpassing the iPhone’s record sales in 2007．
61．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Loving and hating the iPad B．An exciting invention
C．A home computer substitute D．The iPad—a wise choice
62．According to the text, which of the following is Not true of the iPad?
A．It can access the Internet． B．It is wireless but portable．
C．It can play any online video． D．It can help you scan e-mail．
63．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?
64．Farhad Manjoo’s attitude towards
the iPad might be that of ______．
A．doubt B．unc
oncern C．sympathy D．support
65．Tech-heads dislike the iPad because of ______．
A．its after-sale services B．its high price
C．its function shortagesD．its slow speed