第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,共两节, 满分30分)
第一节: 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Perhaps the most famous theory, the study of body movement, was suggested by Professor Ray Birdwhistle.He believes that physical appearance is often culturally programmed.In other words, we learn our looks ---- we are not born with them.A baby has generally unformed face features.A baby, according to Birdwhistle, learns where to set the eyebrows by looking at those around ---- family and friends.This helps explain why the people of some areas of the United States look so much alike, New Englanders or Southerners have certain common face features that cannot be explained by genetics.The exact shape of the mouth is not set at birth, it is learned after.In fact, the final mouth shape is not formed until well after new teeth are set.For many, this can be well into grown-ups.A husband and wife together for a long time often come to look somewhat alike.We learn our looks from those around us.This is perhaps why in a single country there are areas where people smile more than those in other areas.In the United States, for example, the South is the part of the country where the people smile most frequently.In New England they smile less, and in the western part of New York State still less.Many Southerners find cities such as New York cold and unfriendly, partly because people on Madison Avenue smile less than people on Peachtree Street in Atlanta.People in largely populated areas also smile and greet each other in public less than do people in small towns.
56.Ray Birdwhistle believes physical appearance
A.has little to do with culture. B.has much to do with culture.
C.is ever changing. D.is different from place to place
57.According to the passage, the final mouth shape is formed .
A.before birth. B.as soon as one's teeth are newly set
C.sometime after new teeth are set. D.around 15 years old.
58.Ray Birdwhistle can tell what area of the United States a person is from by
A.how much he or she smiles. B.how he or she raises his or her eyebrows
C.what he or she likes best. D.the way he or she talks.
Your body, which has close relations with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own, so it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment(食物). The old saying “an apple a day keeps the doctor away.” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamins. Many people take extra vitamins in pill form(丸剂), believing that these will make them healthy. But a good diet is made up of nutritive food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn't need or use extra vitamins, so why they waste money on them?
In the modern Western world, many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illnesses caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening.The old saying referred to in the passage tells us that .
A.eating apples regularly does lots of good to our health. |
B.the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits |
C.apples can take the place of doctors |
D.an apple is a sure cure for illness |
In the second paragraph, the writer tries to let us know .
A.our bodies need food, or we can’t live |
B.often eating apples is a good habit |
C.taking extra vitamin pills is completely useless |
D.a good diet is of great importance for our health |
In the modern western countries .
A.people won't want to pay more attention to their eating. |
B.people throw everything into their stomachs without chewing. |
C.a lot of people’s illness are caused or made worse by bad eating habits |
D.people are only too busy to cook meals for themselves |
From the passage we can draw a conclusion that if we want to keep healthy, we should .
A.only eat an apple a day |
B.take as many vitamin pills as possible |
C.eat properly |
D.throw something into our stomachs slowly and carefully. |
I have nothing to say about whether or not "A Day Without Immigrants" had a positive or negative effect on the question of how the federal government should deal with the huge population of undocumented illegal immigrants in this country. I'll leave that question to others.
Regardless of how you feel about the event, one conclusion is obvious. Using the theme of" A Day Without" as a way to focus national attention on a particular subject is a great idea, and could serve as a method for increasing public awareness about other issues that affect daily life in America. Here are my top three examples:
"A Day Without Speeding." How hard could this be? If all drivers would strictly obey every posted speed limit on highways, downtown, on neighborhood streets, and in parking lots for one 24-hour cycle, the benefits would be huge.
"A Day Without Losing Your Temper." A higher degree of difficulty here, and I know that from personal experience. When something goes wrong at home or on the job, there may be brief satisfaction in yelling or kicking the furniture, but erupting with anger usually doesn't do anything to solve the problem, and in many cases it makes the situation more unpleasant.
"A Day Without Having All The Answers." I would like to get a break from hearing anyone speak the phrase, "Here's what you're doing wrong." Right now the US is jampacked with citizens who believe they can point out the cause of every single problem in existence and then solve it on the spot. I believe they need to be quiet sometimes and use their ears instead of their voices.
I wonder how would average Americans react to such a collective pause? Would it be a day of angry protests, or joyful celebrations?The first paragraph suggests .
A.the writer is against A Day Without Immigrants |
B.immigrants are not equally treated by the US federal government |
C.the writer cares little about the problems of the country. |
D.some people move to America without the permission of the US government |
"The event" in the second paragraph is related to .
A."A Day Without Immigrants" |
B."A Day Without Having All The Answers" |
C."A Day Without Speeding" |
D."A Day Without Losing Your Temper" |
According to the writer, losing one's temper is .
A.personal | B.satisfying | C.pointless | D.unpleasant |
The writer suggest a day without having all the answers because .
A.he thinks the American are too proud |
B.he doesn't think what he is doing is wrong |
C.he wants others to keep quiet |
D.the writer is so tired that he needs a break |
URBANA, ILL. (AP)--Mike dropped out of college to support his pregnant(怀孕的) girlfriend and now works as a manager of a trucking company, Lynn graduated with honors from Harvard University and was hired as a lawyer with a top law firm in a major city. What do these two people have in common? Ten years ago they were both high school valedictorians (致告别辞者).
A University of Illinois study follows the lives of 81 valedictorians and salutatorians (致词的学生代表) who graduated a decade ago from public and private high schools in the state.
Tales of Success and Failure
The study found tales of success and failure. The research on 46 women and 35 men found that some were doctors and scientists, one was a drug addict, another was a waitress with emotional problems.
"There is a popular idea about people who do well in school doing well in life," said Terry Denny, professor of education. Denny conducted the study with Karen Arnold, a former graduate student of Denny' s who is now a professor at Boston College. Denny and Arnold contacted the 81 students before graduation, and then followed up with interviews nearly every other year. They also sent them questionnaires in the mail.
Varied Careers
One-third of the students are lawyers, or have a doctorate. Nineteen are in business and 15 are engineers or computer scientists. Others include a farmer, a stock broker, and an aerobics instructor.
Arnold says many of the students have only average positions in the work world and that "most are not headed for greatness in their careers." Denny, however, says that it is too early to make such predictions. "Who expects someone to be on the Supreme Court at the age of 28 or to be the discoverer of an important scientific invention right after college?" he said. "These students are just getting started in life. They are just beginning to find out what life is all about."What can we conclude from Paragraph 1?
A.Mike got married before he went to college. |
B.Lynn was honored by a law firm in the city. |
C.Mike was not so lucky as Lynn after graduating from college. |
D.Mike and Lynn both graduated first in their high school class. |
According to the article Denny is probably older than Arnold because.
A.Denny was her professor |
B.Arnold did well at school. |
C.Denny interviewed some students |
D.Arnold helped Denny in the research |
What is probably the best title for the article?
A.Successful Careers for College Graduates |
B.Success in Education Predicts Success in Later Life |
C.High School Honors Not Always Key to Life Success |
D.A study on Successful Jobs and College Graduates |
Who probably wrote this article?
A.College graduates | B.Reporters |
C.Professors and researchers | D.Teachers |
The Winter Olympics proved no match for television's gold-medal winner, "American Idol". Fox's unbelievable successful contest crashed the Olympics in head-to-head competition on Tuesday night, 27 million viewers to 16.1 million, according to Nielsen Media Research.
The Olympics recovered a bit after "Idol" went off the air, but its overall audience of 18.6 million was the least-watched winter Olympics telecast since Nagano's closing ceremonies in 1998, Nielsen said.
Since its opening on Friday, the Turin games have been running well below the 2002 Salt Lake City games in viewership interest. Much of that was expected, but Tuesday's rating was the first alarming sign for NBC that increased TV competition has taken a toll.
"The competition from 'Idol' is heavier than the Olympics has ever seen," said NBC Sports spokeswoman Alana Russo.
It doesn't figure to get any easier, with "Idol" and ABC's "Lost" on the air Wednesday. CBS' "Survivor" and "CSI: Crime Scene Investigation" offer more competition on Thursday.
Even figure skating, the most popular winter Olympics sport for viewers, didn't help much on Tuesday. NBC filled about two-thirds of the hour during which it competed with "American Idol" with tape of the men's figure-skating competition.
Through five nights of Olympics coverage, NBC's average prime time rating is 12.7 ( a rating point represents 1,102, 000 households, or 1 percent of the nation's estimated 110.2 million TV homes). NBC said before the games started that it had promised its advertisers a rating of between 12 and 14. If it slips below that, NBC will have to make it up to advertisers with free commercial time.
" ‘American Idol' is clearly a phenomenon," said Randy Falco, president of the NBC Universal Television Group. "But we expected it and are tracking fight where we planned to be at this point." Between NBC and its networks, about 65 percent of the nation's television homes have tuned in at least some of the games.How many viewers watched the Winter Olympics on Tuesday night?
A.110.2 million | B.12.7 million |
C.27million | D.16.1million |
What did NBC do on Tuesday night to attract more viewers?
A.To ask the "idol" to go off the air. |
B.To play the tapes of men's figure skating. |
C.To add "Survivor" to its program. |
D.To do more advertising. |
If the rating slips below 12, NBC will .
A.do more advertising for nothing |
B.stop running normally |
C.never cover the Olympics |
D.pay extra money for advertisers |
What does the underlined word "taken a toll" mean?
A.paid off. | B.caused loss. | C.broken out. | D.picked up. |
It is always hard for a small fish to live in a big pond. Pluto's recent departure from the classical planet family clearly proves that size really matters.
Astronomers voted on August 24 to create the first scientific definition of the word planet, and Pluto obviously didn't make the cut. It turned out to be only a "dwarf planet" (矮行星). After weeks of heated debate, over 2,500 astronomers from 73 countries voted on the definition of a "planet" at a conference of the international Astronomical Union (IAU). According to the definition, a planet must have a clear neighborhood around its orbit. Pluto has widely been considered a planet since its discovery in 1930. Unfortunately, it has a special orbit which overlaps with Neptune's. It is all because, compared with Neptune, Pluto is very small. It is attracted by Neptune's gravity when the two planets get closer.
According to IAU, a "dwarf planet" should have an orbit around the Sun. It will not have a clear neighborhood around its orbit, and must not be a satellite. The new classification means that the science textbooks will have to be updated. The solar system is now made up of the eight "classical planets," together with a number of dwarf planets. The classical planets are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The debate over Pluto's status started in 1992. After an advanced telescope was sent into space, astronomers started find a belt of objects, which lies beyond Neptune. The belt contains nearly 1,000 objects, including Pluto. As they continued the exploration, scientists recently discovered at least 41 dwarf planets at the edges of the solar system. There are at least two objects of a similar size to Pluto.
It seems that even if the IAU had kept Pluto's status as a planet, the classical theory of nine planets in the solar system would have had to be changed, but the other way around. More dwarf, planets of a similar size to Pluto would join the family of planets. Scientists will probably find many more dwarf planets.According to the passage, Pluto is .
A.a planet which has a clear neighborhood around its orbit |
B.a satellite of Neptune which was discovered in 1930 |
C.the smallest planet in the solar system |
D.a planet which has an orbit around the sun |
The sentence "It is always hard for a small fish to live in a big pond" quoted in the beginning of the passage is used to .
A.tell us a small fish can hardly survive in the big pond |
B.tell us the size of an object really matters |
C.mean that a small planet can hardly exist in the solar system |
D.explain the disappearanee of Pluto in the solar system |
From the last paragraph we can infer that if IAU kept Pluto's status as a planet, the number of planets in the solar system would be.
A.eight | B.nine | C.less than nine | D.more than nine |
Which of the following statements is NOT true aceording to the passage?
A.According to definition of a "planet", if Pluto were bigger it would not have left the classic planet family. |
B.It's quite possible for dwarfs to lose if they compete with big men |
C.Pluto has a special orbit which overlap with Neptune's, because it is so small as to be attraeted by Neptune's gravity when the two planets get closer |
D.A "dwarf planet", which can not be a satellite without a clear neighborhood around its orbit, should have an orbit around the Sun. |