I am a writer. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke(唤起) an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.
Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California, I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks. Like others, I have described it to people as “broken” English. But feel embarrassed to say that. It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”, as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed, as if it lacked a certain wholeness. I’ve heard other terms used, “limited English,” for example. But they seem just as bad, as if everything is limited, including people’s perceptions(认识)of the limited English speaker.
I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say. That is ,because she expressed them imperfectly her thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of evidence to support me: the fact that people in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.
I started writing fiction in 1985. And for reasons I won’t get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal(内在的) language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure: I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show; her intention, her feelings, the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts. By saying “Language is the tool of my trade”, the author means that ______.
| A.she uses English in foreign trade |
| B.she is fascinated by languages |
| C.she works as a translator |
| D.she is a writer by profession |
The author used to think of her mother’s English as ______.
| A.impolite | B.amusing |
| C.imperfect | D.practical |
Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?
| A.Americans do not understand broken English. |
| B.The author’s mother was not respected sometimes. |
| C.The author’ mother had positive influence on her. |
| D.Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts. |
The author gradually realizes her mother’s English is _____.
| A.well structured | B.in the old style |
| C.easy to translate | D.rich in meaning |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A.The changes of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English. |
| B.The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother. |
| C.The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English. |
| D.The author’s experiences of using broken English. |
The amount of carbon taken in by growing plants increased from 1982 through 1999 as
temperatures rose and the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased. But a new study
in Friday ’ s edition of the journal Science found a drought - related decline in such plant growth
from 2000 to 2009,even though temperatures continued to climb.
As drought caused by warming reduces the land ’ s ability to take in carbon,the result could
be more carbon dioxide left in the atmosphere,and thus more warming,Zhao Maosheng from the
University of
Montana explained in a telephone interview.
“This is a pretty serious warning that warmer temperatures are not going to endlessly improve
plant growth ’” co - author Steven Running,also from the University of Montana ’ said in a
statement. “ We see this as a bit of a surprise,and potentially significant on a policy level because
previous interpretations suggested global warming might actually help plant growth around the
world, “ he said.
Instead, he and Zhao found a small but measurable decline of about 1%,compared to a6%
increase in the past decade.
Their study,based on the data collected by NASA satellites,found that north areas continued
to increase plant growth,thanks to warmer temperatures and a longer growing season.
Someone commented, "This past decade’ s net decline in earthly productivity suggests that a
complex relationship between temperature, rainfall, cloudiness, and carbon dioxide, probably in
combination with other factors such as nutrients(营养)and land management,will determine
future patterns and trends in productivity.,,From the first paragraph, we can learnin
the recent decade or so.
| A.the emission(排放)of carbon hasn’ t been reduced |
| B.draught has been causing loss of soil and water |
| C.carbon dioxide levels have been rising |
| D.the rise of temperature doesn' t promote the plant growth |
Zhao Maosheng really worried that.
E.more and more land will be abandoned
F.the climate becomes warmer and warmer
G.the emission of carbon dioxide increases
H.draught further reduces the number of the plantsSteven Running made his statement to.
I.confirm Zhao' s views on the influence of temperature rise
J.urge the government to take necessary measures
K.warn the people to strengthen the plant protection
L.support Zhao* s views on lhe plant productionWe can infer from the passage that.
| A.global warming will determine the future productivity |
| B.various factors play a key role jointly on future productivity |
| C.earthly productivity actually increased in the past decade |
| D.temperature rise has had no effect on future producticity patterns |
The Japanese economy is at a standstill,Japan ’ s government has said, as concerns about the
strong yen(曰元)continue to grow. The recovery in the economy was “pausing",the CabinetOffice said in a monthly statement.
It is the most negative that the government has been about the economy in nearly two years.The rising yen and a slowdown in global demand for Japanese exports were blamed for the setback.
In recent months, the government has insisted that the economy is “picking up". But it saidit now expected the economy to Femain weak for some time, with “weakening" exports a chiefconcern. It said shipments to Asia in particular were becoming weaker, further hitting exportersthat are already suffering from the strong yen.
The yen remains near a 15 - year high against the US dollar, despite the financial interfer-ence (干预)in the currency markets last month for the first time in six years.
Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan(菅直人)has also passed a $ 63 billion stimulus(剌激)package in an effort to protect exporters who have seen the poor exchange rate eat into their prof-its. At the close of markets in Tokyo,the yen was trading at 81.44 yen to the dollar, just off thehigh of 81.27 yen.
"If the economy turns out as expected, we may end up describing the current situation as asoft patch,” one of die government officials said ’ “ But if it comes under further downwardpressure,
it could end up slipping into recession(衰退).”The Japanese government think the current bad economy situation is partly due to.
| A.the decline of the strong yen | B.the unsatisfactory exports |
| C.the government' s mistaken policy | D.the decline in the quality of goods |
In recent months, the government has a(n) attitude towards the economy situation.
| A.shocking | B.negative | C.optimistic | D.aggressive |
From the passage we know the government has taken measures mainly to.
| A.protect the foreign markets | B.protect profits of its hitting exporters |
| C.monitor the yen exchange rate | D.stimulate domestic demands |
The passage could probably be found in.
| A.government white paper | B.a science fiction |
| C.a travel journal | D.a newspaper report |


If you intend to apply for admission to this college, you need to .
| A.complete your high school studies |
| B.go through the online application procedure |
| C.attend the exams held by the college |
| D.I), visit the college admission advisers |
Once admitted, most of the students can get.
| A.student loans | B.part - time jobs |
| C.different scholarships | D.free financial support |
The strength of their school learning environment mainly lies in.
| A.innovation and teamwork | B.application and school - based |
| C.cooperation and competition | D.task - based and school - based |
The advertisement is designed for.
| A.US applicants only | B.singaporean students only |
| C.international students | D.All potential applicants |
It is commonly believed among many Chinese that Westerners who take “Yes’,and “No” by their facial expressions are more straightforward than Chinese. Normally Westerners don * t have to adopt Chinese ways like sweeping the floor or constantly checking the clock to indicate to a guest that it’ s time to leave. They don’ t have to hesitate in saying “No” when they are not able to, or don’ t want to, offer help to a friend in need. There is no embarrass
ment attached to this behavior. But it is too simple to conclude that Westerners are more direct speakers than the Chinese.
There are many occasions when the way Westerners express themselves makes Chinese look more straightforward and honest. When I was a fresh international student,the director of our program once asked students in an e-mail what we thought about a young professor. I simply said ’ “She seems to know a lot but doesn* t know how to teach. ” And the director replied with “Thank you for being honest. ”
Only years later when I better understood the new culture,I realized why I had gone too far. If that question were asked now,the reply would have three paragraphs devoted to the qualities of the professor before the last line came out — ” There are some gaps i
n her teaching method. ” Still tough, but at least it wouldn't be considered rude.
Indeed, the reserved social norms and the deeply - rooted “face issue" make honest speaking risky in China ; Americans have their own ways of being polite. This results partly from political correctness. It also results from several generations of people who have been told they have done well even when they have failed. It may not be unfair to suggest that many Americans are oversensitive and obsessed with a perfect self image.
So,the next time you hear about indirect Chinese,it would be worth challenging the source and pointing out that the cultural comparisons are much more complex. But maybe you should do it in a roundabout way,to be polite.The passage mainly aims to •
| A. tell us something about culture distinctions |
| B. remind us of the conflicts between cultures |
| C. ask us to take positive attitudes to Chinese cultures |
| D. keep us informed of the various communications |
According to the passage, the young professor lacked .
| A. confidence in her job | |
| B. teaching experience | |
| C. interaction with her students m |
D.responsibility for her students |
The underlined words “obsessed with" (para.4) probably means .
| A.satisfied with | B.proud of | C.addicted to | D.stuck in |
It can be inferred from the passage that .
| A. the writer has a good knowledge of American culture |
| B. Americans are much more straightforward than Chinese |
| C. the new professor was very angry with the writer' s comments |
| D. different culture backgrounds make cultures comparison complicated |
A little old couple walked slowly into McDonald ’ s on one cold winter evening. It seemed that
they didn' t come to the right place with the young families and young couples eating that night.
The little old man walked right up to the cash register, placed his order with no hesitation and then paid f
or their meal. The couple took a table near the back wall and started taking food off the tray. There was one hamburger, one order of French fries and one drink. The little old man unwrapped the plain hamburger and carefully cut it in half. He placed one half in front of his wife. Then he carefully counted out the French fries, divided them in two piles and neatly placed one pile in front of his wife. He took a sip at the drink and then set the cup down between them.
As the man began to eat his few bites of hamburger, the crowd began to get restless. You could tell what they were thinking, “That poor old couple. All they can afford is one meal for the two of them. ”
As the man began to eat his French fries, one young man stood and came over to the old couple ’ s table. He politely offered to buy another meal for the old couple to eat. The old man replied that they were just fine. They were used to sharing everything.
As the little old man finished eating and was wiping his face neatly with a napkin,the young man could stand it no longer. Again he came over to their table and offered to buy some food.
After being politely refused again,he finally asked a question of the little old lady," Ma ’ am, why aren' t you eating? You said that you share everything. What is it that you are waiting for?"
She answered, "The teeth.,’ According to the 1st paragraph, the old couple .
| A. enjoyed the scene outside the McDonald' s |
| B. didn, t look suitable for the surroundings |
| C. loved being with young families and couples |
| D. liked the food in McDonald' s |
The little old man cut the plain hamburger in half because .
| A. he couldn' t finish eating it with one bite |
| B. he was very careful with his food |
| C. he ordered more than he could consume |
| D. he wanted to share it with his wife |
The young man who offered to buy the old couple food was .
| A.impolite | B.stubborn | C.sympathetic | D.doubtful |
From the old lady' s answer, we know that .
| A.she was not interested in the food | B.the couple suffered a terrible toothache |
| C.the couple did share everything | D.she gave an irrelevant answer |