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Ⅲ. 阅读(共两节,满分40分)
第一节   阅渎理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It all began with a stop at a red light.
Philanthropy Kevin Salwen, a writer and entrepreneur in Atlanta, was driving his 14-year-old daughter, Hannah, back from a sleepover in 2006. While waiting at a traffic light, they saw a black Mercedes coupe on one side and a homeless man begging for food on the other.
“Dad, if that man had a less nice car, that man there could have a meal,” Hannah protested. The light changed and they drove on, but Hannah was too young to be reasonable. She pestered (纠缠) her parents about inequity, insisting that she wanted to do something.
“What do you want to do?” her mom responded. “Sell our house?”
Warning! Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager. Hannah seized upon the idea of selling the luxurious family home and donating half the money to charity, while using the other half to buy a more modest replacement home.
Eventually, that’s what the family did. The project — crazy, impetuous (鲁莽) and utterly inspiring — is written down in detail in a book by father and daughter scheduled to be published next month: “The Power of Half.” It’s a book that, frankly, I’d be nervous about leaving around where my own teenage kids might find it. An impressionable child reads this, and the next thing you know your whole family is out on the street.
At a time of enormous needs in Haiti and elsewhere, when so many Americans are trying to help Haitians by sending everything from text messages to shoes, the Salwens offer an example of a family that came together to make a difference — for themselves as much as the people they were trying to help. In a column a week ago, I described neurological(神经学的) evidence from brain scans that unselfishness lights up parts of the brain normally associated with more primary satisfaction such as food and sex. The Salwens’ experience confirms the selfish pleasures of selflessness.
Mr. Salwen and his wife, Joan, had always assumed that their kids would be better off in a bigger house. But after they downsized, there was much less space to retreat to, so the family members spent more time around each other. A smaller house unexpectedly turned out to be a more family-friendly house.
41. The best title of the passage should be__________.
A. The less , the better.             B. An unexpected satisfaction
C. Something we can live without    D. Somewhat crazy but inspiring
42. What does the word “inequity” most probably mean in the sentence?
A. unfairness     B. satisfaction      C. personal attitude    D. reasonable statement
43.The sentence “An impressionable child reads this, and the next thing you know your whole family is out on the street.” means _____.
A. When an unreasonable child reads the book, their house will disappear.
B. When an unreasonable child reads the book, he will ask his parents to sell their house.
C. When an unreasonable child reads this, the whole family will enjoy themselves in the street.
D. The child who likes to express himself will ask the whole family to enjoy the book outside.
44.Which of the following statements is true?
A. Mercedes coupe is only an ordinary car which is quite cheap.
B. Hannah asked her parents to do something charitable and they sold their house.
C. Unselfishness has nothing to do with people’s primary satisfaction.
D. Hannah’s parents felt regretted having sold the big house.
45.“Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager.” means__________.
A. Never give a quick answer to an idealistic teenager.
B. Don’t respond to a child’s demands firmly without consideration.
C. Give an answer if the child is reasonable.
D. Unless the child is realistic otherwise never give an answer immediately

科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 较易
知识点: 故事类阅读
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A MENTORING (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.
Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.
Alex Goldberg,the program’s founder,said:“We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.
“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.For example,we’ve secured internships (实习) with worldfamous firms such as Honda.
“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring,it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.”Kieran Hepburn,14,is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) International Youth Forum (论坛).
The event was held for young people from around the world,to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event.Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience.“Before we left I didn’t quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn’t stop,it was amazing,”he said,“We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”
The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues (问题) such as drug abuse,violence and unemployment.
Kieran said:“ It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”
The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury.For details visit www.younginspirations.com.
The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to ________.

A.train staff for worldfamous firms
B.offer job opportunities to young adults
C.provide youth with unique experiences
D.equip the unemployed with different skills

.According to Alex Goldberg,it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ________.

A.the lack of support from firms
B.the cultural differences
C.the effect of unemployment
D.the shortage of money

According to the passage,the forum focused on how youth can ________.

A.build up their confidence at school
B.find work experience opportunities
C.improve their social skills for the future
D.play an active role in the change of society

We can learn from the passage that ________.

A.the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing
B.Kieran has made great progress in many aspects
C.the youth have found a way to solve their problems
D.the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday

What would be the best title for the passage?

A.Alex Goldberg,Founder of Young Inspirations
B.Young People Find a World of Opportunity
C.Kieran,Banbury School Pupil to Paris
D.Debates Help Youth with Their Grades

No one knows for sure when advertising first started.It is possible that it grew out of the discovery that some people did certain kinds of work better than others did them.That led to the concept of specialization,which means that people would specialize,or focus,on doing one specific job.
Let’s take a man we’ll call Mr.Fielder,for example.He did everything connected with farming.He planted seeds,tended the fields,and harvested and sold his crops.At the same time,he did many other jobs on the farm.However,he didn’t make the bricks for his house,cut his trees into boards,make the plows(犁), or any of the other hundreds of things a farm needs.Instead,he got them from people who specialized in doing each of those things.
Suppose there was another man we shall call Mr.Plowright.Using what he knew about farming and working with iron,Mr.Plowright invented a plow that made farming easier.Mr.Plowright did not really like farming himself and wanted to specialize in making really good plows.Perhaps,he thought,other farmers will trade what they grow for one of my plows.
How did Mr.Plowright let people know what he was doing?Why,he advertised,of course.First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door.It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr.Plowright and his really good plows.
Many historians believe that the first outdoor signs were used about five thousand years ago.Even before most people could read,they understood such signs.Shopkeepers would carve into stone,clay,or wood symbols for the products they had for sale.
A medium,in advertising talk,is the way you communicate your message.You might say that the first medium used in advertising was signs with symbols.The second medium was audio,or sound,although that term is not used exactly in the way we use it today.Originally,just the human voice and maybe some kind of simple instrument,such as a bell,were used to get people’s attention.
A crier,in the historical sense,is not someone who weeps easily.It is someone,probably a man,with a voice loud enough to be heard over the other noises of a city.In ancient Egypt,shopkeepers might hire such a person to spread the news about their products.Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods.Perhaps the crier described the goods,explained where they came from,and praised their quality.His job was,in other words,not too different from a TV or radio commercial in today’s world.
What probably led to the start of advertising?

A.The discovery of iron.
B.The specialization of labor.
C.The appearance of new jobs.
D.The development of farming techniques.

To advertise his plows,Mr.Plowright________.

A.praised his plows in public
B.placed a sign outside the shop
C.hung an arrow pointing to the shop
D.showed his products to the customers

The writer makes up the two stories of Mr.Fielder and Mr.Plowright in order to________.

A.explain the origin of advertising
B.predict the future of advertising
C.expose problems in advertising
D.provide suggestions for advertising

In ancient Egypt,a crier was probably someone who ________.

A.owned a ship
B.had the loudest voice
C.ran a shop selling goods to farmers
D.functioned like today’s TV or radio commercial

The last two paragraphs are mainly about ________.

A.the history of advertising
B.the benefits of advertising
C.the early forms of advertising
D.the basic design of advertising

You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella.But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn’t think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.That’s why he created Lampbrella,a lamp post with its own rainsensing umbrella.
The designer says he come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.“Once,I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷)built into a street lamp,”he said.
The Lampbrella is a standardlooking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy.It has a builtin electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand.Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.
In addition to the rain sensor,there’s also a 360°motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
According to the designer,the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed,so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besides,it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground,it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.
While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production,Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department,and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.
For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?

A.To predict a heavy rain.
B.To check the weather forecast.
C.To protect people from the rain.
D.To remind people to take an umbrella.

What do we know from Belyaev’s words in Paragraph 2?

A.His creation was inspired by an experience.
B.It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg.
C.Street lamps are protected by canopies.
D.He enjoyed taking walks in the rain.

Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?

A.motor→canopy→sensors
B.sensors→motor→canopy
C.motor→sensors→canopy
D.canopy→motor→sensors

What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?

A.Its moving speed.
B.Its appearance.
C.Its installation.
D.Its safety.

What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A.The designer will open a company to promote his product.
B.The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.
C.The designer is confident that his creation is practical.
D.The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.

It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather.Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr.Johnson’s famous comment that“When two English meet,their first talk is of weather.”Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago,most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weatherspeak.
Bill Bryson,for example,concludes that,as the English weather is not at all exciting,the obsession with it can hardly be understood.He argues that“To an outsider,the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply,the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman,however,disagrees with Bryson,arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive.Bryson is wrong,he says,because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena.“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves,but in uncertainty.”According to him,the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weatherspeak among the English.Both commentators,somehow,are missing the point.The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all.English weatherspeak is a system of signs,which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other.Everyone knows conversations starting with weatherspeak are not requests for weather data.Rather,they are routine greetings,conversation starters or the blank “fillers”.In other words,English weatherspeak is a means of social bonding.
The author mentions Dr.Johnson’s comment to show that________.

A.most commentators agree with Dr.Johnson
B.Dr.Johnson is famous for his weather observation
C.the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D.English conversations usually start with the weather

What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?

A.A social trend.
B.An emotional state.
C.A historical concept.
D.An unknown phenomenon.

According to the passage,Jeremy Paxman believes that________.

A.Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B.there is nothing special about the English weather
C.the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D.English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty

What is the author’s main purpose of writing the passage?

A.To explain what English weatherspeak is about.
B.To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.
C.To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D.To convince people that the English weather is changeable.

Poet William Stafford once said that we are defined more by the detours (绕行路) in life than by the narrow road toward goals.I like this image.But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.
For years we made the long drive from our home in Seattle to my parents’ home in Boise in nine hours.We traveled the way most people do:the fastest,shortest,easiest road,especially when I was alone with four noisy,restless kids who hate confinement (限制) and have strong opinions about everything.
Road trips felt risky,so I would drive fast,stopping only when I had to.We would stick to the freeways and arrive tired.
But then Banner,our lamb was born.He was rejected by his mama days before our planned trip to Boise.I had two choices:leave Banner with my husband,or take him with me.My husband made the decision for me.
That is how I found myself on the road with four kids,a baby lamb and nothing but my everlasting optimism to see me through.We took the country roads out of necessity.We had to stop every hour,let Banner shake out his legs and feed him.The kids chased him and one another.They’d get back in the car breathless and energized,smelling fresh from the cold air.
We explored side roads,catching grasshoppers in waisthigh grass.Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother,or fish leaping out of the water,it was better than the best ride down the freeway.Here was life.And new horizons (见识).
We eventually arrived at my parents’ doorstep astonishingly fresh and full of stories.
I grew brave with the trip back home and creative with my disciplining technique.On an empty section of road,everyone started quarreling.I stopped the car,ordered all kids out and told them to meet me up ahead.I parked my car half a mile away and read my book in sweet silence.
Some road trips are by necessity fast and straight.But that trip with Banner opened our eyes to a world available to anyone adventurous enough to wander around and made me realize that a detour may uncover the best part of a journey-and the best part of yourself.
Why did the author use to take freeways to her parents’home?

A.It was less tiring.
B.It would be faster and safer.
C.Her kids would feel less confined.
D.She felt better with other drivers nearby.

The author stopped regularly on the country roads to________.

A.relax in the fresh air
B.take a deep breath
C.take care of the lamb
D.let the kids play with Banner

What does the author discover from the trip according to Paragraph 6?

A.Freeways are where beauty hides.
B.Getting close to nature adds to the joy of life.
C.Enjoying the beauty of nature benefits one’s health.
D.One should follow side roads to watch wild animals.

Why did the author ask the kids to get out of the car on their way back home?

A.To give herself some time to read.
B.To order some food for them.
C.To play a game with them.
D.To let them cool down.

What could be the best title for the passage?

A.Charm of the Detour
B.The Road to Bravery
C.Creativity out of Necessity
D.Road Trip and Country Life

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