第二部分 阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
Residents along Australia’s east coast awoke in the morning to an orange sky as winds swept millions of tons of red dust from the country’s inland and dumped it on Sydney.
Tanya Ferguson,living in Sydney,saw that the room was completely orange.She thought there was a bush fire.But when she went outside,the entire city was covered in a film of orange dust.
“It was like being in the outback(澳大利亚内陆),but it was right here in the city,”she said On that day,a big dust storm swept through Sydney.It covered the city in orange dust for about eight hours,making landmarks such as the Sydney Opera House and Harbor Bridge invisible.
The storm affected the transportation system.Flights were delayed.Roads were busy as drivers struggled in the difficult conditions.Children and the elderly were told to stay indoors until the dust had cleared.Later strong winds blew it out to the sea and up the coast.
No one was hurt in the storm,though health officials answered hundreds of calls from
people with breathing difficulties.Emergency services responded to hundreds of calls about
tree branches brought down by strong winds.
Dust storms are common in the Australian outback,where the land is arid(贫瘠的).But the storms rarely reach the coastal regions.
Officials said it was the worst dust storm of the past 70 years.Air pollution levels were
15,500 micrograms of pollutants per cubic meter.
“On a clear day the pollutants are around 10—20 micrograms per cubic meter,”said Chris
Eiser of the NSW department of the environment.
Experts said that dry conditions in the outback and strong winds caused the sandstorm.
“Ten very dry years over inland southern Australia and very strong winds have combined to produce the storm,”said Nigel Tapper,an environmental scientist at Monash University, Australia.
56.The article is about .
A.the causes of the major dust storm in Australian cities
B.different reactions to a dust storm in Australia
C.the damage caused by the big dust storm in Australia
D.the worst dust storm in Australia in the past 70 years
57.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The dust storm didn’t blow up to the coastal regions of Australia.
B.The level of air pollution was very high due to the dust storm.
C.People called the emergency service because they had got lost.
D.Children stayed indoors for the schooling had been cancelled.
58.From the passage we can see that .
A.Tanya Ferguson lives in the Australian outback at the moment
B.a bush fire may have brought the orange dust along the coast
C.this terrible sandstorm lasted about 24 hours after it hit the city
D.Sydney’s landmarks were out of sight when the storm happened
59.The tone of the article is .
A.worried B.sympathetic C.objective D.angry
Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be. Places of business that used to keep daytime “business hours” are now open late into the night. And on the Internet, the hour of the day and the day of the week have become irrelevant. A half century ago in the United States, most people experienced strong and precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time. Today the boundaries still exist, but they seem not clear. The law in almost all states used to require stores to close on Sunday; in most, it no longer does. It used to keep the schools open in all seasons except summer; in most, it still does. And whether the work week should strengthen its legal limits, or whether it should become more “flexible,” is often debated. How should we, as a society, organize our time? Should we go even further in relaxing the boundaries of time until we live in a world in which every minute is much like every other?
These are not easy questions even to ask. Part of the difficulty is that we rarely recognize the “law of time” even when we meet it face to face. We know as children that we have to attend school a certain number of hours, a certain number of days, a certain number of years — but unless we meet the truant officer (学监), we may well think that we should go to school due to social custom and parents’ demand rather than to the law. As adults we are familiar with “extra pay for overtime working,” but less familiar with the fact that what constitutes (构成) “overtime” is a matter of legal definition. When we turn the clock forward to start daylight-saving time, have we ever thought to ourselves: “Here is the law in action”? As we shall see, there is a lot of law that has great influence on how we organize and use time: compulsory education law, overtime law, and daylight-saving law — as well as law about Sunday closing, holidays, being late to work, time zones, and so on. Once we begin to look for it, we will have no trouble finding a law of time to examine and assess.
. By saying “Sunday is more like Monday than it used to be”, the writer means that .
A.work time is equal to rest time |
B.many people have a day off on Monday |
C.it is hard for people to decide when to rest |
D.the line between work time and rest time is unclear |
The author raises the questions in Paragraph 2 to introduce the fact that people ________ .
A.fail to make full use of their time | B.enjoy working overtime for extra pay |
C.are unaware of the law of time | D.welcome flexible working hours |
According to the passage, most children tend to believe that they go to school because they ______.
A.need to acquire knowledge | B.have to obey their parents![]() |
C.need to find companions | D.have to observe the law |
The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably refers to ___
_____ .
A.influence |
B.overtime |
C.a law of time |
D.being late to work |
What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Our life is governed by the law of time. | |
B.How to organize time is not worth debating.![]() |
C.New ways of using time change our society. |
D.Our time schedule is decided by social customs. |
Movies in the theater get their recognition at awards ceremonies, such as the Oscars. But how about movies for phones? They are getting their turn at MoFilm—the first mobile film festival.
The first MoFilm competition received 250 entries from more than 100 countries. Entries were restricted to films that were five minutes or less in length—ideal for viewing and sharing on mobile phones. An independent jury then selected a shortlist of five film-makers. The winner was chosen from the shortlist by an audience voting using their phones.
New Platforms
The awards highlight the increasing impact that mobile phones are making in the entertainment industry. Many grassroots filmmakers start out with short films. They are thwarted by the lack of opportunities to screen their work. Therefore, mobile phones are increasingly being seen as a new platform for these short works.
It is a good place for anyone who wants to express themselves and find a way to have that expression be seen by a wide audience. Just think about how many people have mobile phones in the world!
New Technology Advances
MoFilm is pioneering content for mobile and online services that is a world away from Hollywood. The majority of films made for mobiles are now short in length, taking into account the screen size. However this could be overcome as technology advances.
In the near future, longer films will likely be seen on the mobile phone. And there are mobile companies creating phones where users can watch movies at higher quality.
Wherever you see movies, one thing is certain: the quality of work, the simple ability at story telling, and the thing that inspires someone to tell a story can really come from anywhere At the first MoFilm, .
A.movies in the theater got their recognition |
B.more than 100 countries took part in the competition |
C.ideal films were five minutes or less in length |
D.the winner was chosen by experts' voting |
They are thwarted by the lack of opportunities to screen their work. The underlined word means “ ”.
A.disappointed | B.surprised | C.frightened | D.encouraged |
Nowadays the majority of films made for mobiles are short in length because of .
A.online services | B.the mobile phone | C.technology advances | D.the screen size |
What’s the best title for the passage?
A.Putting Movies on Mobiles |
B.Introduction of Latest Mobile Phones |
C.Mobile Phones’ Ceremonies |
D.Film Awards Broadcast on Mobile Phones |
Which statement is NOT true?
A.MoFilm is not a part of Hollywood. |
B.Mobile phones are considered to be a new platform for short films. |
C.MoFilm get their recognition through Oscars. |
D.Films made for mobiles will likely be cleaner. |
Like distance runners on a measured course, all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern.
In the first stage of our lives, we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality (活力,生气).
After we grow up, however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.
A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality, yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.
Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body. The lungs become less able to take in oxygen. Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength. The heart loses power and pumps less blood. Bones grow easier to break.
Finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. Often, it is only a minor accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time, it brings life to an end.
In 1932, a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats, simply by cutting back the calories in their diet. The reason for the effect was then unknown.
Today, at the University of California at Berkley, Dr. Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats. The result was achieved through a special protein limited diet, which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain. Seagle showed that within the brain, specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging. By changing that chemical balance, the clock of aging can be reset.
For the first time, the mystery of why we age is being seriously challenged. Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.
An average lifetime lasts 75 years, yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life. If we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years. What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A.Physical vitality. | B.Stress. | C.Aging. | D.Physical resistance. |
Which of the following is not a change of aging?
A.The lungs become unable to take in oxygen. |
B.People gradually lose their muscle strength. |
C.The heart loses power and pumps less blood. |
D.Bones tend to break more easily. |
The author believes the following except that ________.
A.human’s life pattern is predictable |
B.physical fitness can’t stop the force of aging |
C.human’s lifetime will last longer than 75 years |
D.all of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body |
How did Dr. Paul Seagle lengthen the lifetime of rats in his experiment?
A.By limiting the protein in their diet. | B.By cutting the calories in their diet. |
C.By resetting their clock of aging. | D.By keeping their physical fitness. |
What is probably the best title for the article?
A.Two Great Experiments | B.The Mystery of Human Life |
C.Ways to lengthen Human Life | D.The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging |
After battling hard times and danger for over nine months, British teenager Mike Perham made history last month as the youngest person to sail solo around the world.
The 17-year-old made the record after he cleared the Panama Canal and then sailed through the Caribbean and got home across the Atlantic.
Mike is only three months younger than Zac Sunderland, the 17-year-old American boy who had taken the crown as the youngest solo around-the-world sailor in July.
The two youngsters met in Cape Town in South Africa as they crossed the globe in different directions. Mike insisted they were not rivals(竞争对手). “No. It's two teenagers going out there, living their dream and having the adventure of a lifetime,” he said.
Mike may be young, but he is no stranger to sailing adventures. He picked up the hobby at the age of 6 when his father took him out in a small boat on a local lake. Father and son sailed separate boats across the Atlantic when Mike was 14, making him the youngest person to cross that ocean solo. That record gave him the taste for this even greater challenge.
On the recent journey, the scariest moment for Mike came when his sailboat was hit by storms in the southern Indian Ocean.
“We were picked up by what felt like a 60-foot wave and threw down on our side at 90 degrees,” he said.
“It felt like I was going right over. Stuff was flying around and I just thought ‘Oh no’.”
At other times, he had to dive into the Pacific and fix problems. He tied himself to the boat, jumped into the water and went to work with a knife in 30-second dives underneath the boat to cut a rope away.
Mike said he felt proud that he made his dream come true. “You've got to have confidence in yourself that you will make it,” he said.. What's the main idea of the passage?
A.A British teenager became the youngest person to sail solo around the world. |
B.How a British teenager developed his sailing hobby. |
C.A British teenager's brave experience. |
D.A British teenager's confidence. |
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Mike Perham crossed the Panama Canal. |
B.Mike and Zac took the crown as the youngest solo around-the-world sailor at the same age. |
C.The two youngsters crossed the globe in different directions. |
D.Mike was never frightened during the sailing. |
What does the underlined word “taste” in the fifth paragraph mean?
A.Flavor. | B.Preference. | C.Experience. | D.Ability. |
What can we infer from the passage?
A.Both Mike and Zac had adventured spirits. |
B.Mike is older than Zac. |
C.They both are brave but they have different goals. |
D.Mike took up the hobby of sailing adventures at 14. |
What did Mike believe in?
A.Having confidence in yourself will make you successful. |
B.Braveness is important in sailing. |
C.One should pick up a hobby as a child. |
D.Pride goes before a fall. |
Hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face. Living alone, every day he worked in his garden. In all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his. All sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flower’s place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell.
Hans had many friends, the most devoted being the Miller. So devoted was the rich Miller to Hans, that he’d never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits. The Miller used to talk about noble ideas, and Hans nodded and smiled, felling proud of having such a friend.
The neighbors thought it strange that the rich Miller never gave Hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep; but Hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship.
In spring, summer, and autumn Hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger. Though extremely lonely, the Miller never came to see him then.
“There’s no good in going to see Hans while the snow last.” The Miller said to his wife, “When people are in trouble they shouldn’t be bothered. So I’ll wait till the spring comes when he’s happy to give me flowers.”
“You’re certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “It’s quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship.”
“Couldn’t we ask Hans up here?” said their son. “I’ll give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits.”
“How silly you are!” cried the Miller; “I really don’t know what’s the use of sending you to school. If Hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybody’s nature. I am his best friend, and I’ll always watch over him, and see that he’s not led into any temptation. Besides, if Hans came here, he might ask me for some flour. Flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldn’t be confused. The words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. Everybody can see that” He looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea.
Spring coming, the Miller went down to see Hans. Again he talked about friendship. “Hans, friendship never forgets. I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life. See, how lovely your roses are!”
Hands said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter.
“I’ll give you many good things. I think being generous is the base of friendship.” said the Miller. “And now, as I’ll give you many good things, I’m sure you’d like to give me some flowers in return. Here’s the basket, and fill it quite full.”
Poor Hans was afraid to say anything, he ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the Miller’s basket, imagining the many good things promised by the Miller.
The next day he heard the Miller calling: “Hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?”
“I’m sorry, but I am really very busy today.”
“Well,” said the Miller, “considering that I’m going to give you my things, it’s rather unfriendly of you to refuse. Upon my word, you mustn’t mind my speaking quite plainly to you.”
Poor Hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted.
One evening Hans was sitting by fire when the Miller came.
“Hans,” cried the Miller, “My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and I’m going for the Doctor. But he lives so far away, and it’s such a bad windy night. It has just occurred to me that you can go instead of me. You know I’m going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return.”
“Certainly,” cried Hans. He struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the Miller’s house in time to save the boy. However, Hans got lost in the darkness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned.
At Hans’ funeral, the Miller said: “I was his best friend. I should walk at the head of the procession.” Every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief. .From the passage, we can learn that Hans ______.
A.was extremely wise and noble | B.was highly valued by the Miller |
C.admired the Miller very much | D.had a strong desire for fortune |
. “Flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as ______.
A.“Different words may mean quite different things.” |
B.“Interest is permanent while friendship is flexible.” |
C.“I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life.” |
D.“I think being generous is the base of friendship.” |
.Hans worked a lot for the Miller because he ______.
A.was convinced of the Miller’s noble talk | B.owed the Miller many valuable things |
C.was treated as a best friend by the Miller | D.intended to show off his unselfishness |
.From the Miller’s talk at home, we can see he was ______.
A.serious but kind | B.helpful and generous | C.caring but strict | D.selfish and cold-hearted |
. What’s the main cause of Hans’ tragedy?
A.True friendship between them | B.A lack of formal education |
C.A sudden change of weather | D.Blind devotion to a friend |
. The author described the Miller’s behavior in order to ______.
A.entertain the readers with an incredible joking tale |
B.show the friendship between Hans and the Miller |
C.warn the readers about the danger of a false friend |
D.persuade people to be as intelligent as the Miller |