We know the kiss as a form of expressing love. But long before it became , it was customary in many countries to use it as an expression of respect. Some native Africans kiss the ground over which a chief has walked. Kissing the hand and foot has been a mark of respect from the earliest times.
The early Romans kissed the mouth or eyes as a form of noble greeting. One Roman emperor allowed his important nobles to kiss his lips, but the less important ones had to kiss his hands, and the least important ones were only allowed to kiss his feet!
Most likely the kiss as a form of affection can date back to ancient times when a mother would touch her child gently, just as a mother does today. It only remained for society to accept this as a custom for expressing affection between arms.
The first society where the kiss became accepted in marriage was in France. From France the kiss spread rapidly all over Europe. As marriage customs developed, the kiss became a part of the wedding ceremony. Today we regard it as an expression of love and tenderness. But there are still many places in the world where the kiss is part of formal ceremonies and is intended to show respect.
46. According to the passage, kiss was earlier used as _________.
A. a custom B. an expression of love
C. an expression of respect D. an expression of power
47. How did the early Romans show their greeting?
A. They would kiss the lips. B. They kissed other’s hands.
C. Feet would be kissed to show their greeting. D. They would kiss mouth or eyes.
48. What does the underlined word “affection” mean?
A. respect B. love
C. honor D. worry
49. According to the text, which of the following is not using a kiss?
A. courtship B. greeting
C. sorrow D. affection
50. This passage mainly tells us that _____.
A. Introduction on how to kiss.
B. The different meanings of kiss from the ancient times to present days.
C. How to kiss each other in different countries.
When Peng Liyuan stepped off the plane in Moscow, the whole world wanted to know who dressed the elegant first lady. The reporter released the secret—Ma Ke.
Peng Liyuan has been wearing Ma Ke’s designs for more than a decade, a fact that was only highlighted recently when she was on her first state visit accompanying her husband President Xi Jinping. The elegant and attractive Peng, formerly a popular singer, has been compared with the US’ first lady Michelle Obama and France’s Carla BruniSarkozy, since stepping off the airplane in Moscow on March 22. Suddenly, everyone was curious to know more about the first lady’s wardrobe.
Even so, Ma prefers a lowkey approach. “If you eat a tasty egg why would you want to see the hen?” she says of all the media attention.
Ma’s relationship with Peng began 10 years ago after a concert in Guangzhou when a reporter told Peng she knew the designer behind the label Exception de Mixmind. Peng asked for an introduction because she was a fan of Ma’s designs and had been wearing them for years.
The two naturally became friends. Ma says: “The painting reflects the painter, and clothes reflect both the designer and the wearer. Someone desires fame and wealth, or love and sympathy; what you have in your heart is reflected in the design. Those who don’t share my philosophy won’t buy my clothes. Peng is a caring person, devoted to charity and environmental protection, which is exactly what I’m doing now.”
However, regardless of the brand, Peng’s support of Chinese labels has surprised millions of Chinese who favor foreign fashion brands.
“Instead she presented a vision of Chinese fashion, desiring to bring Chinese designers to the world stage, ” says a western designer.
The first lady’s doublebreasted coat and her black leather handbag aren’t available at any of Exception’s shops, though Exception’s physical stores do have seen a rising number of visitors.The passage mainly discusses________.
A.the designer of the first lady Peng Liyuan’s dress, Ma Ke |
B.the friendship between Peng Liyuan and her designer |
C.Peng Liyuan’s clothes on her first state visit |
D.the reactions to Peng Liyuan’s first visit to Moscow |
In the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 Ma Ke mentioned “an egg and the hen” to show________.
A.it is hard to explain “Which came first,the egg or the hen?” |
B.paying such great attention to her was unnecessary |
C.the outcome was more important than the process |
D.her dissatisfaction with the media attention on her dress |
What can be inferred from the passage?
A.First ladies compete with each other whenever they are together. |
B.Peng’s suits can be bought in Ma Ke’s clothes stores. |
C.Ma Ke offered to design the first lady’s clothes through her friends. |
D.Peng had liked Ma’s designs long before she got to know her in the flesh. |
Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Peng wears the dress designed by a Chinese designer probably to support Chinese brands. |
B.Many citizens found Peng Liyuan’s choice quite unexpected. |
C.Black leather handbags like Peng’s are widely sold in bag stores in big cities. |
D.After Peng Liyuan’s visit to Moscow Ma Ke’s clothes became more popular. |
“Do you like doing things for people?” I asked a friend.
“Yes, most of the time,” she replied.
“Most of the time?”
“Well, I love to do things that are unexpected. I like to do little things most people wouldn't think about doing,” she said.
“But why did you say most of the time?”
“Well, sometimes after doing those little things people take advantage of you. I mean, they expect you to do it again. They ask you to do it. That’s when I don’t like it.”
It was odd that I had this conversation. This just happened to me. I love to do little things. I will pay for a meal card for the people in the office every time we have a meeting there. Not a big thing. It’s a little thing. $5.30 will pay for almost five lunches. Hey, big spender!
I also bought a bag of animal crackers for a friend at work. She was having a tough day and not very happy at all. I drove down to the Wal-Mart and picked up a huge bag for under $2.00. Her smile was worth it.
But one week she said, “Bob, we ran out of crackers. We love them so much.” I didn't want to do it. I smiled and she persisted. I finally admitted, “It’s different when I do it because I want to, but now you are trying to make me go to get them. It’s not the same.” But I bought it for her.
Unfortunately, a big fire in my family took away all the possessions we had. I didn’t know what to do and how to do it. What happened to me then surprised me most. I once had my bike repaired, but the repairman said “no charge” on hearing my sufferings. A stranger called James Kennedy read some pieces I’d written about our sufferings for Slate, the online magazine, and wanted to give us a new house across the lake from New Orleans. I refused but I felt moved. Another poet at the University of Florida also wanted to let his house to me free of charge while he was on holiday. My mates gave us more money for us to rebuild my home. When you do something kind for others, do you always get rewarded? Yes, but not in the way you might expect.What’s the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To tell the background of the story. |
B.To attract the attention of the readers. |
C.To get the readers to know main idea directly. |
D.To explain the reasons why he wrote the passage. |
What do we know about James Kennedy?
A.He was a writer of an online magazine. |
B.He was also a poet at the University of Florida. |
C.He offered the author a new house free of charge. |
D.He learned about the author’s sufferings online. |
What can we learn from the passage?
A.Misfortune of blessing on happiness. |
B.Never too late to learn. |
C.Helping others means helping yourself. |
D.Many hands make the work lighter. |
As Amy Hagadorn rounded the corner across the hall from her classroom, she crashed with a tall boy from the fifth grade running in the opposite direction.
“Watch it, Squirt,” the boy yelled, as he dodged around the little third grader. Then, with an unfriendly smile on his face, the boy took hold of his right leg and mimicked the way Amy limped(跛行)when she walked.
Amy closed her eyes for a moment. ―Ignore him, she told herself as she headed for her classroom.
But at the end of the day, Amy was still thinking about the tall boy’s mean teasing. It wasn’t as if he were the only one. Amy was tired of it. Sometimes, even in a classroom full of other students, the teasing about her speech or her limping made her feel all alone.
Back home at the dinner table that evening Amy was quiet. That’s why Patti Hagdorn was happy to havesome exciting news to share with her daughter.
“There’s a Christmas Wish Contest on the radio station,” she announced. “Write a letter to Santa and you might win a prize. I think someone at this table with blond curly hair should enter.”
Amy giggled. The contest sounded like fun. She started thinking about what she wanted most for Christmas.
A smile took hold of Amy when the idea first came to her. Out came pencil and paper and Amy went to work on her letter. ―Dear Santa Claus, she began.
While Amy worked away at her best printing, the rest of the family tried to guess what she might ask from Santa. Amy’s sister, Jamie, and Amy’s mom both thought a 3-foot Barbie Doll would top Amy’s wish list. Amy’s dad guessed a picture book. But Amy wasn’t ready to reveal her secret Christmas wish just then. Here is Amy’s letter to Santa, just as she wrote it that night:
Dear Santa Clause,
My name is Amy. I am 9 years old. I have a problem at school. Can you help me, Santa? Kids laugh at me because of the way I walk and run and talk. I have cerebral palsy(大脑性瘫痪). I just want one day where no one laughs at me or makes fun of me.
Love,
Amy
At radio station WJLT in Fort Wayne, Indiana, letters poured in for the Christmas Wish Contest. The workers had fun reading about all the different presents that boys and girls from across the city wanted for Christmas.
When Amy’s letter arrived at the radio station, manager Lee Tobin read it carefully. He knew cerebral palsy was a muscle disorder that might confuse the schoolmates of Amy who didn’t understand her disability. He thought it would be good for the people in Fort Wayne to hear about this special third grader and her unusual wish. Mr. Tobin called up the local newspaper.
The next day, a picture of Amy and her letter to Santa made the front page of the News Sentinel. The story spread quickly. All across the country, newspapers and radio and television station reported the story of the little girl in Fort Wayne, Indiana, who asked for such a simple, yet remarkable Christmas gift – just one day without teasing.
Suddenly the postman was a regular at the Hagadorn house. Envelopes of all sizes addressed to Amy arrived daily from children and adults all across the nation. They came filled with holiday greetings and words of encouragement.
During that unforgettable Christmas season, over two thousand people from all over the world sent Amy letters of friendship and support. Amy and her family read every single one. Some of the writers had disabilities; some had been teased as children. Many people thanked Amy for being brave enough to speak up. Others encouraged her to ignore teasing and to carry her head high. Each writer had a special message for Amy. Through the cards and letters from strangers, Amy glimpsed a world full of people who truly cared about each other. She realized that no amount or form of teasing could ever make her feel lonely again.
Amy did get her wish of a special day without teasing at South Wayne Elementary School. Additionally, everyone at school got an added bonus. Teachers and students talked together about how bad teasing can make others feel.
That year, the Fort Wayne mayor officially proclaimed December 21st as Amy Jo Hagadorn Day throughout the city. The mayor explained that by daring to make such a simple wish, Amy taught a universal lesson.
“Everyone,” said the mayor, “wants and deserves to be treated with respect, dignity and warmth.” The underlined word ―mimicked(Paragraph 2)can probably be replaced with ___________.
A.struck | B.copied | C.blocked | D.declined |
According to Paragraph 4, the message is conveyed that ___________.
A.Amy was often made fun of at school and she disliked the fact |
B.loneliness always accompanied Amy because of the tall boy |
C.some other students teased Amy made her think of the mean boy |
D.Amy hated being laughed at in the classroom full of other students |
Amy’s mother shared the news of a Christmas Wish Contest that day because she knew ___________.
A.her daughter was teased by a fifth grader |
B.Amy’s disease went much worse than before |
C.the contest would change Amy’s life |
D.things weren’t going well with Amy at school |
The postman suddenly became a regular because ___________.
A.he wanted to comfort Amy regularly |
B.a number of letters needed delivering there |
C.he used to be teased alike at school |
D.holidays greetings were asked to give to Amy |
Amy learned through strangers’ cards and letters that ___________.
A.the world was filled with care and love |
B.she would take teasing as a present in life |
C.some people were being teased similarly |
D.everyone should be treated with kindness |
The passage talks about ___________.
A.Everyone can do something remarkable |
B.A small act makes a difference |
C.A girl who was brave to speak her wish up |
D.The disabled deserve respect |
More than four decades ago British scientist Robert Edwards first witnessed the miracle of human life growing inside a test tube at his Cambridge lab. Since that ground-breaking moment, more than four million babies have been born through IVF and in 2010 his great contribution to science was finally recognized as he was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine.
The prize for Dr Edwards, who was given a Daily Mirror Pride of Britain Award in 2008, includes a £900,000 cheque. The Nobel Assembly described IVF as a "milestone in modern medicine".
With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, the Manchester-born physiologist developed IVF — leading to the birth of the world's first test tube baby. Dr Steptoe died 10 years later but their work has transformed fertility treatment and given hope to millions of couples.
It was a scientific breakthrough that transformed the lives of millions of couples. They said: "His achievements have made it possible to treat infertility, a disease which makes human unable to have a baby. This condition has been afflicting a large percentage of mankind including more than 10% of all couples worldwide."
Louise Brown, the world's first test tube baby, made international headlines when she was born in Oldham, Gtr Manchester, in 1978 to parents Lesley and John who had been fruitlessly trying for a baby since 1969.
Ivf-in-vitro fertilisation is the process whereby egg cells are fertilised outside the body before being implanted in the womb. After a cycle of IVF, the probability of a couple with infertility problems having a baby is one in five — the same as healthy couples who conceive naturally.
Professor Edwards, who has five daughters and 11 grandchildren, began his research at Cambridge University in 1963, after receiving his PhD in 1955.He once said: "The most important thing in life is having a child. Nothing is more special than a child." With the help of fellow scientist Patrick Steptoe, Prof. Edwards founded the Bourn Hall clinic in Cambridge shire, which now treats more than 900 women a year. Each year, more than 30,000 women in Britain now undergo IVF and 11,000 babies are born as a result of the treatment.
But his work attracted widespread criticism from some scientists and the Catholic Church who said it was "unethical and immoral".
Martin Johnson, professor of reproductive(生殖的) sciences at the University of Cambridge, said the award was "long overdue". He said: “We couldn't understand why the Nobel has come so late but he is delighted — this is the cherry on the cake for him.”
Professor Edwards was too ill to give interviews but a statement released by his family said he was "thrilled and delighted".What is Robert Edwards’ contribution to science?
A.Challenging a disease which stops human having a baby. |
B.Seeing the wonder of the first tube baby growing. |
C.Enabling millions of couples to live a better life. |
D.Helping couples with infertility to have tube babies. |
What does the underlined word “afflicting”(Paragraph 4)most probably refer to?
A.Troubling. | B.Developing. |
C.Improving. | D.Confusing. |
Why did Professor Edwards begin his research on tube baby?
A.Because he thought it of great significance to have a child in life. |
B.Because the birthrate around the world was unexpectedly low then. |
C.Because a special child did make a difference to an ordinary family. |
D.Because his fellow scientist wanted to give hope to the unlucky couples. |
It can be inferred from Paragraph 8 and Paragraph 9 that ___________.
A.some people envied Professor Edwards for his being awarded |
B.different opinions were voiced on Professor Edwards’ finding |
C.Professor Edwards deserved the prize for his breakthrough |
D.the prize was late because the finding was first considered immoral |
What might be the best title for the passage?
A.Life Stories of Robert Edwards |
B.Preparations for Having a Baby |
C.Nobel Prize for IVF Expert Edwards |
D.Treatment of Infertility in a Lab |
When we asked Oprah to pick the 10 books she’s read in the past decade that have mattered to her most, she was momentarily stumped. For someone who describes herself as ―inspired, challenged, and sustained by books, it was almost impossible for Oprah to stay within our limit of 10. Still, she offered up the following, but she emphasized that it was only a sampler of delightful titles that have also managed to teach her — and all of us — a few things.
1. Discover the Power Within You
By Eric Butterworth
256 pages; Harper One
Advice from the internationally known spiritual teacher.
2. A New Earth
By Eckhart Tolle
316 pages; Plume
There’s a reason Oprah picked this for her Book Club in 2008 — and that she gave audience members Post-it pens along with their copies.So much wisdom, so little time! A real-life guide to living your best life.
3. The Poisonwood Bible
By Barbara Kingsolver
576 pages; Harper Perennial
This novel is about a family involved in the political trouble of postcolonial Africa. It established Kingsolver as one of our wisest observers of history, politics, and human nature.
4. Night
By Elie Wiesel
120 pages; Hill and Wang
A memoir(回忆录) of a childhood suffered in concentration camps during the Holocaust. It’s horrific butuplifting. ―I gain courage from his courage,‖ Oprah says.
5. A Fine Balance
By Rohinton Mistry
624 pages; Vintage
A Dickensian novel about India during the Emergency. Like the aftermath of September 11, it teaches us about cultures we haven’t understood. “It takes us out of our own little shell and exposes us to a whole other world out there.” Oprah say.
6. East of Eden
By John Steinbeck
608 pages; Penguin
This classic is about good and evil as played out in a late-19th-century California ranch family. If you didn’t read it in high school, read it now. If you did, reread it!
7. The Story of Edgar Sawtelle
By David Wroblewski
576 pages; Harper Collins
A kind of Hamlet on the prairie, this is the wrenching(令人痛苦的) story of a mute boy and his dog. Oprah compares it to East of Eden and To Kill a Mickingbird.
8. The Pillars of the Earth
By Ken Follett
973 pages; Penguin
About the challenges of building cathedrals in 12th-century England. This novel couldn‘t be more different in setting, time, and plot from the author‘s breakthrough success, Eye of the Needle. Oprah declares it simply “great”.
9. The Bluest Eye
By Toni Morrison
224 pages; Penguin
How to choose among the great Morrison‘s novel? Start with this one about a girl who thinks she has to have blue eyes to be beautiful. Oprah considered it one of the best in a crowded Morrison field.
10. The Known World
By Edward P. Jones
400 pages, Harper Collins
When this book was published in 2003, it shocked everybody with its description of slave-owning blacks before the Civil War. A daring, unusual examination of race.The passage is mainly about _______.
A.ten books that have made greatest difference to Oprah |
B.an inspiring , challenging and sustainable woman |
C.Oprah’s picks from what has taught her a few things |
D.the unwillingness of Oprah to share books within a limit of 10 |
Why did Oprah add A Fine Balance to her list?
A.She gained courage from it. |
B.It tells about wisdom of human nature. |
C.It’s a guide to living a best life. |
D.Culture of a different world is exposed. |
What makes Oprah declare The Pillars of the Earth great?
A.The advice on discovering the power. |
B.The story of a mute boy and his dog. |
C.The challenges of building cathedrals. |
D.The good and evil in a California family. |
In which book the story was set before the Civil War?
A.In The Bluest Eye. | B.In East of Eden. |
C.In A New Earth. | D.In The Known World. |