For years experts have argued that poor households are consuming less nourishing food than the rest of the population.
But a survey of some of the lowest earners in Britain shows the nutritional value of what they eat is little different to everyone else.
In fact, the same deficiencies in diet were shared by all the population and the findings suggest that poor eating choices are far more widespread than previously suspected - affecting many wealthier families.
These included low fruit and vegetable consumption, not eating enough oily fish and eating too much saturated fat and sugar.
“This is a large and significant study and it shows we are all eating just as bad a diet as each other,” said Tim Lang, professor of food policy at City University.
The poorest families were eating only slightly more sugar and slightly less fruit and vegetables, according to the study of 3,728 respondents in the bottom of the population.
Alison Tedstone, head of nutritional science at the Food Standard Agency, said: “ Overall, people on low incomes have less than ideal diets, but their diets are only slightly worse than those of the rest of the population.”
The study also showed that low earners are choosing to eat unhealthily. Their food choices were not linked to their income, their access to shops or their cooking skills.
The findings appear to contradict assumptions that the poor cannot afford healthier foods or are too far away from shops that sell them.
The Low Income Nutrition and Diet Survey showed that like the rest of the population, the poor's daily fruit and vegetable intake on average is below the recommended five portions. Fewer than 10 per cent of respondents hit this target, while around 20 per cent ate less than a portion per day.
More than three quarters (76 per cent) of men and 81 per cent of women did less than one 30-minute session of moderate or vigorous exercise per week.
Some 45 per cent of men and 40 per cent of women were smokers.
This compares with 28 per cent of men and 24 per cent of women in the general population. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
| A．Whether the poor or the rich maybe have a bad diet. |
| B．Even the poor can enjoy enough fruit and fish consumption. |
| C．Only the poor have a bad diet. |
| D．The study was conveyed in both the rich and the poor. |
What kind of persons maybe eat most sugar?
| A．The rich. | B．Men. | C．The poorest. | D．Women |
From the passage, we can learn __________.
| A．the poor choose unhealthy food because of low income |
| B．having no access to shops also leads to the poor’s bad diet |
| C．the poor’s daily fruit intake is as much as general people |
| D．the number of smokers in the poor is bigger than that in general people |
What’s the best title of the passage?
| A．The poor’s healthy problem. | B．Keep off junk food. |
| C．How to have a good diet. | D．A diet survey. |
Soil conservation efforts protect soil from wind and water that can blow or wash it away. Good soil produces food crops for both people and animals.
One important form of soil conservation is the use of windbreaks (防风林). Windbreaks are barriers formed by trees and other plants with many leaves. Farmers plant them in lines around their fields. Windbreaks stop the wind from blowing soil away. They also keep the wind from destroying or damaging crops. They are very important for growing grains, such as wheat.
For example, in parts of West Africa, studies have shown that grain harvests can be twenty percent higher on fields protected by windbreaks compared to those without such protection.
Windbreaks are effective when a wall of trees and other plants blocks the wind. The windbreaks should also limit violent motions of the wind to those areas closest to the windbreak.
However, windbreaks seem to work best when they allow a little wind to pass through. If the wall of trees and plants stops wind completely, then violent air motions will take place close to the ground. These motions cause the soil to lift up into the air where it will be blown away. For this reason, a windbreak is best if it has only sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants needed to make a solid line.
An easy rule to remember is that windbreaks can protect areas up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in the windbreak.
There should be at least two lines in each windbreak. One line should be large trees. The second line, right next to it, can be shorter trees and other plants with leaves.
Windbreaks not only protect land and crops from the wind. They can also provide wood products. These include wood for fuel and longer pieces for making fences. Locally-grown trees and plants are best for windbreaks.
68. What does this text primarily concern?
A. A way to protect soil. B. Some advice on growing windbreaks.
C. The effect of windbreaks. D. A way to protect crops.
69. Which of the following is NOT true about windbreaks?
A. If windbreaks stop the wind completely，the soil will be blown away above the windbreaks.
B. Leaving sixty to eighty percent of the trees and plants needed to make a solid line is a best windbreak.
C. A better windbreak should be two lines or more with the same height.
D. Windbreaks work best during an area up to ten times the height of the tallest trees in them.
70. The underlined word "barriers" (Para. 2) refers to .
A. something that is built with trees together with other plants
B. a structure built to forbid passage of wind with trees or other plants.
C. something used to help things control their movement.
D. narrow lines where trees and other plants with many leaves are planted.
71. Which of the following is most likely to show the right area that a windbreak can protect?
Downloading music over the Internet is pretty common among high school and college students. However, when students download and share copyrighted music without permission, they are against the law.
A survey of young people’s music ownership has found that teenagers and college students have an average of more than 800 illegally copied songs each on their digital music players. Half of those surveyed share all the music on their hard drive, enabling others to copy hundreds of songs at any one time. Some students were found to have randomly linked their personal blogs to music sites, so as to allow free trial listening of copyrighted songs for blog visitors, or adopted some of the songs as the background music for their blogs. Such practices may be easy and free, but there are consequences.
Sandra Dowd, a student of Central Michigan University, was fined US$7,500 for downloading 501 files from LimeWire, a peer-to-peer file sharing program. Sandra claimed that she was unaware that her downloads were illegal until she was contacted by authorities. Similarly, Mike Lewinski paid US$4,000 to settle a lawsuit（起诉）against him for copyright violation（违反）. Mike expressed shock and couldn’t believe that this was happening to him. “I just wanted to save some money and I always thought the threat was just a scare tactic（战术）.” “You know, everyone does it,” added Mike.
The RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America), the organization that files lawsuits against illegal downloaders, states that suing（控告）students was by no means their first choice. Unfortunately, without the threat of consequences, students are just not changing their behavior. Education alone is not enough to stop the extraordinary growth of the illegal downloading practice.
64. Why is it common for students to download copyrighted music?
A. They don’t think that they will be caught.
B. They want their friends to know that they are smart.
C. They think it is a good way to make some extra money.
D. They are against copyright protection over Internet music.
65. What does Mike mean by saying that “the threat was just a scare tactic”?
A. One should not be afraid of threats.
B. A lawsuit will result from the threat.
C. It is unfair to scare people with a threat.
D. No serious consequence will follow the threat.
66. What is RIAA’s attitude towards students’ illegal downloading behaviour?
A. They believe that education will help greatly in protecting copyrights.
B. They profit from the fines illegal downloaders pay for copyright violations.
C. They like to sue students for downloading music illegally from the Internet.
D. They think that illegal downloading behavior needs tough measures to correct.
67. What’s the best title for this passage?
A. Copyright Violators, Beware!
B. How to Get Free Music Online!
C. A Survey of Students’ Downloading Habits
D. get rid of Illegal Music Download? Impossible!
| Looking for Teens Interested in Child Care This is a chance for teens to accompany a child through projects and activities, play with them indoors and outdoors, help with arts and crafts ,deliver flyers to homes in the neighbourhood，and so on. When: We welcome teen volunteers whenever they are available. How often: Our volunteers determine the amount of time they give and their schedule. Where: Wilder Child Development Center, 911 Lafond Ave. St. Paul |
| Library Intern (实习生) Part-time, Temporary $12.48一$13 .87 /per hour Program: Wilder Research Responsibilities: Help with moving to new buildings, record reports and other documents using a specialized library database, get items from area libraries, help library users, help with literature searches, other everyday library chores, and so on. Qualifications: Bachelor's Degree with some library experience or a current Master of Library and Information Science student. Strong attention to detail, good search skills and customer service skills. How to apply: Send resume to Wilder Research, 1295 Bandna Blvd, or send an e-mail to jobs@wilder.org. |
| Site Responder Part-time , Regular $9.46一$10.52/per hour Program: Jackson St. Village Responsibilities: Work at night to handle emergencies, provide services such as lawn care and snow removal, support the needs of residents and take care of the property and buildings. Qualifications: Must have good communication skills and must be able to solve the problems and concerns of the residents, their visitors, and staff. Individuals or teams are encouraged to apply. How to apply: Send resume to Wilder Foundation, 516 Humboldt Avenue、St. Paul, MN 55107 or a fax to (651) 223-7273, or an e-mail to jobs@wilder.org. |
60. As a volunteer in the child center, .
A. you should follow the schedule of the center strictly
B. you must keep the child you look after indoors
C. you will earn some money for what you have done
D. you yourself can decide how long to stay there
61. What may NOT be needed if you apply to Wilder Research program?
A. A college degree and library experience.
B. Having knowledge of the Internet.
C. Being willing to help others.
D. Being able to handle emergencies.
62. From the third advertisement, we can learn that . .
A. only individuals can apply for the job
B. applicants should pay close attention to detail
C. applicants are required to do some physical work
D. applicants will deliver flyers homes in the neighbourhood.
63. The three advertisements . .
A. are not all for part-time opportunities
B. are not all chances to make some extra money
C. all can be communicated on the Internet
D. are offered by the same organization
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）
Camille Mahlknecht, 9, has some big fun planned for this weekend. She and other residents of Agoura Hills, California, plan to pick up trash during their city’s annual cleanup. At the same time, Wissam Raed, 12, will be busy volunteering too. Thousands of miles away in Lebanon, Wissam plans to put on a play at an orphanage and bring potted plants to elderly people at a senior citizen center.
Some other children like Nathan White, 10, have personal reasons for volunteering. Nathan’s grandmother died of a heart attack. To help raise money for medical research, Nathan participated in Jump Rope for Heart. He and five other boys took turns jumping rope for two and half hours and collected more than US$1,200 in donations for the American Heart Association.
Millions of children around the globe lend a hand to their communities every year. Schools and parents also contribute to the rise in youth service. For example, many schools offer community service activities for students to join. Teachers either combine volunteer work with classroom lessons or make service work a requirement. Parents, on the other hand, encourage their kids to volunteer and do it with them.
Community service is particularly important in this depression time. As the need for monetary support and other aid has increased, many charitable organizations have experienced a significant drop in donations. Camille and other children who volunteer thousands of hours annually can fill in some of the gaps.
According to research, kids who start volunteering are twice as likely to continue doing good deeds when they are adults. So, grab a paintbrush, a trash bag, or whatever you need to help your community. You’ll love how you feel after helping others. Even dirty work can be lots of fun, if it’s for a good cause.
56.What’s the writer’s purpose of writing this passage?
A. To recommend youth service programs to schools.
B. To ask charity organizations to serve the community.
C. To urge children to take part in volunteering activities.
D. To propose alternatives for doing community services.
57. What is the main idea of the 3rd paragraph?
A. Community service is gaining popularity among children.
B. Families and schools help to make community service popular.
C. Children now depend more on their teachers than on their parents.
D. Nathan White had a special reason to raise money for medical research.
58. Why is community service important in a time of depression?
A. It raises money for school activities.
B. It teaches children to take care of the sick.
C. It gives charity organizations some needed help.
D. It encourages parents and teachers to work together.
59. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Community service can help prevent juvenile delinquency（青少年犯罪）.
B. Children will probably leave school and work as volunteers.
C. Organizing sports events for the school is a kind of community service.
D. Children who do volunteer work are more likely to grow up to be caring adults.
The other day at the supermarket, I saw a naughty child of about six crying loudly, falling to the floor and refusing to move. All the while the troubled mother was trying to persuade him to behave well but failed. A little smack(打，掴) on his bottom would have done the job, I thought.
Teenagers also cause discipline problems. As a teacher I had a 16-year-old student who had fallen in love with a waiter at a fast-food restaurant. In fact, she had left home to stay with him. So we decided to put her in the school hostel. She refused . When she heard her mother begging her to stay in the hostel she turned around and said : “Why don’t you stay in the hostel if you like it so much?”
My palms were itching to slap her for being so rude but the poor mother continued to cajole her, hoping that gentle persuasion would work wonders. It did not. The last I heard ,she had run away from home again.
The list goes on and on. Could it be that today’s parents are softer and believe that they must not rod（棍棒惩罚）their children for fear of the bad results? Or do they actually believe that the children will get rid of the bad habits and behave well naturally as they grow older? I beg to disagree. I believe it is the parents’ duty to discipline the children even at a young age.
My children who are now adults will prove the fact that I used the rod when I thought it necessary. Later when they went abroad, they related to their British university friends on how they were disciplined. Their friends abroad were filled with horror and told my daughter that I could be charged for child abuse. However, my daughter showed great respect for me when she told them that she would not be where she was today if not for my strict discipline.
72.According to the passage, the author would probably____
A.beat the children every day
B.punish the children when necessary
C.leave the children as they are
D .treat the children in a softer way
73.The underlined word “cajole”(paragraph 3) probably means____
A.Persuade B.scold C. forgive D.punish
74.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.The naughty boy’s mother hit him on the bottom at last
B.The teenager’s mother lived together with her daughter’s friends abroad
C.The author was charged for child abuse by her daughter’s friends abroad.
D.The author’s daughter was very thankful for her parent’s strict discipline.
75.Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?
A. Respect parentsC. spoiled kids
B. value discipline D. protect kids