Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses-smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares-bad dreams that frighten us.
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud published a book called "The Interpretation(诠释) of Dreams" in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can't have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression(侵犯). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解答) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn't believe dreams hide our feelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people's brains while they are sleeping.
Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).
Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.
请根据短文内容,选择最佳答案, 将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。(每小题2分,共10分)
Dreams _________.
A. | are remembered by everyone |
B. | express all that we think in our mind |
C. | include few senses and things we touch |
D. | are sometimes nightmares that repeat and frighten us |
A book on dreaming was published by _________.
A. | Sigmund Freud | B. | Robert Stickgold | C. | Carl Jung | D. | the writer |
In the passage, all the psychiatrists _________.
A. | believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face |
B. | think dreams always hide someone's feelings about sex or aggression |
C. | study dream and dreaming and have their own ideas |
D. | have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want |
From the passage, we know that _________.
A. |
Jung thought that dreams provide solutions
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B. | Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressions of people's hidden feelings |
C. | scientists have known quite well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains |
D. | other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions |
Which would be the best title(标题) for the passage?
A. | The Explanations of Dreams | B. | The Ways of Dreams |
C. | The Solutions to Dreams | D. | The Mystery(奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming |
一定条件下,甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质在密闭容器中反应,测得反应前后各物质的质量分数如图所示,下列说法正确的是
A.丁是该反应的催化剂 |
B.该反应的基本类型是分解反应 |
C.该反应中乙、丙的质量比为3:17 |
D.该反应中甲、丙的质量比为7:10 |
科学研究发现:金星大气层的成分之一是三氧化二碳(C2O3),实验证明三氧化二碳的化学性质与一氧化碳相似.下列关于三氧化二碳的说法中,不正确的是
A.C2O3能使澄清石灰水变浑浊 |
B.C2O3在O2中充分燃烧的产物为CO2 |
C.C2O3在一定条件下能还原氧化铁 |
D.C2O3中碳的化合价为+3价 |
酒精监测仪中的反应原理为:C2H5OH+4X(红棕色)+6H2SO4═2Cr2(SO4)3(绿色)+2CO2↑+9H2O,则物质X的化学式为
A.CrO3 | B.Cr2O3 | C.Cr2S3 | D.CrSO3 |
古语道:“人要实,火要虚”.此话的意思是说:做人必须脚踏实地,事业才能有成;燃烧固体燃料需要架空,燃烧才能更旺.从燃烧的条件看,“火要虚”的实质是
A.增大可燃物的热值 | B.提高空气中氧气的含量 |
C.提高可燃物的着火点 | D.增大可燃物与空气的接触面积 |
下列气体既有可燃性又有还原性的化合物是
A.一氧化碳 | B.氧气 | C.氢气 | D.二氧化碳 |