Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses-smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares-bad dreams that frighten us.
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist Sigmund Freud published a book called "The Interpretation(诠释) of Dreams" in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can't have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression(侵犯). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解答) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn't believe dreams hide our feelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people's brains while they are sleeping.
Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).
Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.
请根据短文内容,选择最佳答案, 将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。(每小题2分,共10分)
Dreams _________.
A. | are remembered by everyone |
B. | express all that we think in our mind |
C. | include few senses and things we touch |
D. | are sometimes nightmares that repeat and frighten us |
A book on dreaming was published by _________.
A. | Sigmund Freud | B. | Robert Stickgold | C. | Carl Jung | D. | the writer |
In the passage, all the psychiatrists _________.
A. | believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face |
B. | think dreams always hide someone's feelings about sex or aggression |
C. | study dream and dreaming and have their own ideas |
D. | have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want |
From the passage, we know that _________.
A. |
Jung thought that dreams provide solutions
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B. | Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressions of people's hidden feelings |
C. | scientists have known quite well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains |
D. | other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions |
Which would be the best title(标题) for the passage?
A. | The Explanations of Dreams | B. | The Ways of Dreams |
C. | The Solutions to Dreams | D. | The Mystery(奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming |
某同学用高锰酸钾制氧气,并用排水法收集时,试管炸裂了,造成试管炸裂的原因可能是下列中的①没有给试管均匀预热;②试管外壁有水;③试管口没有略微向下倾斜;④忘了在试管口加一团棉花;⑤加热时试管与灯芯接触;⑥收集完氧气,先撤酒精灯。
A.全部 | B.除④外 | C.除⑥外 | D.①②③⑤ |
空气中氧气含量测定的实验装置如图。下列有关说法正确的是
A.使用红磷的量越多,最终进入集气瓶的水也越多 |
B.本实验可以证明空气含有N2、O2、CO2和稀有气体 |
C.燃烧匙中的红磷可以换成硫或木炭 |
D.若实验过程中,燃烧匙插入集气瓶的速度太慢,会影响测定的结果 |
下列有关物质燃烧现象的叙述中,正确的是
A.铁丝在氧气中燃烧:火星四射,生成红色固体 |
B.硫粉在空气中燃烧:产生淡蓝色火焰,生成一种刺激性气味的气体 |
C.木炭在氧气中燃烧: 发出红光,生成一种能使澄清灰石水变浑浊的气体 |
D.红磷在空气中燃烧:发出白光,生成大量的白色烟雾 |
在三个集气瓶中分别盛有空气、氮气、氧气,鉴别他们的最好方法是
A.用带火星的木条 | B.用燃着的木条 |
C.倒入澄清的石灰水 | D.分别称取各自的重量 |
2015年5月31日是第28个“世界无烟日”。吸烟不仅危害自身健康,而且危害他人健康,不吸烟的人易吸到二手烟,从分子的角度解释是
A.分子不停地运动 | B.分子质量小 |
C.分子间有间隙 | D.分子体积小 |