Misery and setbacks are not always as terrible as one imagines. Hard times can offer new ways of looking at life that would otherwise never be known. And, if you are a writer, this can be the source of much of your success.
Popular British author, Charles Dickens' (1812-1870)family could hardly make ends meet. They could only afford to send one of their six children to school. Dickens was not that child. His parents chose to send a daughter, who had a talent for music, to an academy. Then at the age of 12, Dickens' life took another turn for the worse.
His father, a clerk, was placed in prison for unpaid debts. And, being the oldest male left at home, Dickens took up work at a factory. His horrible experience there became the fuel for his future writing. His father was freed three months later and inherited a small amount of money. Dickens was then sent to school.
From 1836 to 1837, he wrote a monthly series of stories. Thus the Pickwick Papers, came into being, which brought fame to the 23-year-old man.
Throughout his career, Dickens covers various situations in his novels. He wrote about the miserable lives of the poor in Oliver Twist, the French Revolution in Tale of Two Cities, and social reform in Hard Times. He also wrote David Copperfield, a book thought to be modeled on his own life.
“I do not write bitterly or angrily: for I know all these things have worked together to make me what I am,” he once said. His difficult childhood did indeed shape the person he became, as well as his writing career. There are shades of young Dickens in many of his most beloved characters, including David Copperfield and Oliver Twist.
Like the author, all these characters come from poor beginnings and are able to rise above their setbacks and achieve success. “Minds, like bodies, will often fall into an ill-conditioned state from too much comfort,” he once wrote. On June 9th, 1870, aged 58, Dickens died, leaving one unfinished work.The words on his tombstone read: “He was a sympathizer to the poor, the suffering and the oppressed, and by his death, one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world.”The book that first called public attention to Dickens was ______.
| A.the Pickwick Papers | B.Oliver Twist |
| C.Tale of Two Cities | D.David Copperfield |
The phrase “shades of” in bold means “_____”.
| A.various shapes of | B.situations of |
| C.different experiences of | D.reminders of |
How did Dickens see his childhood?
| A.He felt grateful for it. |
| B.He felt it a pity that things weren’t in his favor. |
| C.He loved writing about it. |
| D.He chose to forget the bitterness about it. |
From the story, we can see Dickens’ attitude towards an easy life is ______.
| A.to enjoy it | B.to hate it |
| C.not to abandon yourself to it | D.to work hard for it |
It helps us understand the world better if we know a little geography and have some maps at hand. But with maps in Chinese only, misunderstanding is possible in studying world events. Chinese names are long, hard to pronounce and without meaning to a foreigner. For the opening of the country maps are important and helpful and needed badly.
I wish maps various languages, such as those used in the United Nations, would come out and be sold in all bookstores open to Chinese.The writer is mainly talking about ____.
| A.geography | B.maps |
| C.Chinese names | D.the opening of the country |
Knowing a little geography and having some maps in Chinese only, a foreigner ____.
| A.can study world events easily |
| B.can study world events without misunderstanding |
| C.can’t study world events without misunderstanding |
| D.will fell joy in studying world events |
What are the difficulties for a foreigner to use a map in Chinese?
| A.A foreigner has nowhere to buy a map |
| B.All the bookstores only open to Chinese. |
| C.The names of Chinese people are long, hard to pronounce and without meaning. |
| D.The names of places on a map in Chinese are long, hard to pronounce and without meaning. |
In the United Nations people use maps in ____.
| A.foreign languages only | B.Chinese only |
| C.various languages | D.English only |
According to the passage maps in foreign language are badly needed ____.
| A.in a country open to other parts of the world |
| B.if a country is going to join the United Nations |
| C.when we are learning geography |
| D.if there are no maps in bookstores open to Chinese |
An experimental treatment that causes AIDS patients to develop a dangerously high fever has shown promise as a way of prolonging and improving the patients’ life.Called the Biologic-HT System, the new treatment lets doctors extract the blood of a patient and heat it before circulating it back into the body. The heated blood causes the patient’s body temperature to rise above 42 degrees Celsius. In people with AIDS, that increase in temperature kills some heat-sensitive HIV, the virus, most doctors say, causes AIDS.
Heating the blood of AIDS patients has been tried before, say doctors. But during previous attempts, the treatment induced deadly chemical changes in the blood. The Biologic-HT System prevents those changes from happening, allowing the heat to kill viruses with few ill side effects.
The new heat treatment cannot be considered a cure for Aids, says president of the company that makes the system. He says the treatment doesn’t kill all traces of the virus. However, it kills enough virus particles to give a patient’s immune system a reprieve in its deadly duel with HIV.
Tests of the Biologic-HT treatment began on 36 patients earlier this year. The treatment takes about four hours, and the patient normally feels well enough to leave the hospital or clinic the following morning.
So far, the patients who have had the treatment say they feel better and have developed no new opportunistic infections—disease that strike people with damaged immune systems. The patients also have experienced about a 50 percent increase in the number of T cells in their bodies. T cells are key disease-fighting cells of the immune system and the main target of HIV.This passage is mainly concerned with ____________.
| A. a way for treating AIDS |
| B. a heat-sensitive virus |
| C. the immune system of the human body |
| D. the function of high temperature |
The blood of the patient___________.
| A. is heated with a single injection |
| B. is heated by being circulated at a higher rate |
| C. is taken out from the body and then circulated through a heating system. |
| D.is taken out from the body, heated outside and then put back into the body. |
The previous attempts to use high temperature for treating AIDS failed because they_________.
| A.caused chemical changes |
| B.could not kill HIV effectively |
| C.resulted in deaths |
| D.killed both HIV and healthy cells |
According to the passage, the new treatment___________.
| A.can kill all the HIV viruses |
| B.cannot eliminate the viruses completely |
| C. can double the number of disease-fighting cells |
| D.can reconstruct the patient’s immune system. |
The result of the experiment seems to be ___________.
| A.disappointing | B.incomplete | C.successful | D.surprising |
It is easy to find your way about in New York. It is laid out so regularly. Instead of streets winding and twisting (迂回) as they do in London, they are all regular and well planned. The streets running north and south are called “avenues” and are numbered, e.g. 1st Avenue, 2nd Avenue, etc. The streets going east and west are called “streets” and are also numbered, e.g. 51st Street, 63rd Street. It is all much more logical (合理的) than London’s street names. But I couldn’t help thinking how much more interesting than these dull cold numbers are London’s illogical but colorful names of streets, e.g. “Bishopgate” (which is not a gate and hasn’t a Bishop in it); “Haymarket” or “Corn market” (where you won’t see any hey or corn) or “Poultry” (without a living chicken anywhere in sight) or “Thread needle Street” (where you won’t find little girls learning to sew).In the second sentence of the passage, “laid out” means ______.
| A.built | B.be put | C.designed | D.cut down |
The streets running from north to south are called _______.
| A.avenues in London | B.streets in America |
| C.avenues in New York | D.streets in London |
According to the writer’s opinion, ______.
| A.avenues and streets are the same |
| B.streets in America are better than avenues in England |
| C.streets in New York are better than those in London |
| D.the writer didn’t agree with the London streets planners |
The names of streets both in London and New York ______.
| A.are quite good | B.are interesting |
| C.are not practical | D.differ greatly in form |
The writer tells his readers that he prefers (更喜欢) _____.
| A.London streets | B.New York streets |
| C.both | D.neither |
Mr Smith is an English man. He teaches English well. His English classes are very interesting. He likes us and we like him, too. Mr Smith has two children-Tom and Mary. Tom is seven and his sister, Mary, is four. Tom goes to school but Mary doesn't. Mr Smith likes wearing a T-shirt and jeans(牛仔裤). Football is his favorite sport. After school we often have a baseball match. Sometimes Mr Smith watches and joins us. He plays baseball just for fun. Mr Smith is ______.
| A.a Chinese teacher | B.an English driver |
| C.a Japanese teacher | D.an English teacher |
How many sons does Mr Smith have?
| A.Only one. | B.Two. | C.Three. | D.Not many. |
Mary doesn't go to school because ______.
| A.she looks beautiful | B.she is seven |
| C.she is only four | D.she doesn't like school |
______ is Mr Smith's favorite sport.
| A.Baseball | B.Football | C.Running | D.Volleyball |
The story (故事) is about ______.
| A.Mr Smith's son | B.Mr Smith | C.Tom and Mary | D.a basketball |
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently announced trends in fruit and vegetable consumption(食用) among adults. Since 2000, the CDC has made efforts with goals of getting 75% of Americans to eat two or more servings of fruit a day and 50% of Americans to eat three or more servings of vegetables a day. Unfortunately, Americans aren’t meeting these modest targets.
Although a diet high in fruit and vegetables can reduce the risk of many diseases, Americans just aren’t getting enough. In fact, since 2000, the amount of vegetables Americans are eating has stayed the same and the amount of fruit Americans are eating has gone down. The CDC also finds that only about a third of adults are eating their expected servings of fruit, and just over a quarter of adults are eating their expected servings of vegetables.
So why aren’t Americans getting their expected servings of fruit and vegetables? It turns out that Americans might be spoiled when it comes to their produce. A national survey conducted by Fruit2day reveals that nearly half of Americans leave fruit in their fridges until it rots with people in Boston among the worst and those in New York and Los Angeles among the best. Sadly, most Americans admit to leaving fruit in the fridge for more than a week.
There are many reasons why Americans don’t eat their fruit or vegetables, including the inconvenience of having to wash or peel it. Fruit2day offers consumers a surprising and convenient way to enjoy the goodness of fruit.
“With no added sugar, natural juices and two full servings of fruit, our Fruit2day line has really captured the imaginations of health-conscious consumers who are actively looking to get more fruit in their diets,” said Hanno Holm, president and chief executive officer of Hero-White Wave. “Fruit2day makes getting more fruit in one’s diet easier for any daily snack routine.”For 4 million American adults, how many of them are eating two or more servings of fruit a day?
| A.About 1.3 million. | B.About 2 million. | C.About 3 million. | D.About 1 million. |
We can learn from the first two paragraphs that __________ .
| A.Americans have been eating fewer vegetables since 2000. |
| B.most Americans eat less fruit to reduce the risk of diseases. |
| C.most Americans prefer fruit to vegetables. |
| D.over 25% of adults are eating three or more daily servings of vegetables. |
In which city are people most likely to leave fruit in their fridge?
| A.In Boston. | B.In New York. | C.In Los Angeles. | D.Not mentioned. |
With the help of Fruit2day, Americans can __________ .
| A.easily get rid of their bad eating habits |
| B.conveniently have more fruit in their diets |
| C.add sugar and natural juices to their diets |
| D.find another excuse for not eating healthily |
Americans don’t eat their fruit or vegetables because __________ .
| A.they are relatively forgetful |
| B.they are too busy with their work |
| C.they don’t think it convenient to eat them |
| D.they prefer daily snacks with added sugar |