Last Sunday I made a visit to some new neighbors down the block. No specific purpose in mind, just an opportunity to sit at the kitchen table, have some tea and chat. As I did so, it occurred to me how rare the Sunday visit has become.
When I was a kid in the New Jersey of the 1960s, Sunday visits were routine. Most stores were closed, almost nobody worked, and the highways, as a result, were not the desperate steeplechases(障碍赛跑) they have become today. My family normally traveled eight city blocks to the home of my grandmother—the same house my father was raised in, where adults would sit on the front porch and chat while we children played hide-and-seek.
The Sunday visit was something to desire strongly. It was the repetition to church, our reward for an hour of devotion, an opportunity to take advantage of the fact that Dad was not at work, we were not in school, and there were no chores that couldn’t wait until Monday. Sunday was, indeed, different from all the other days of the week, because everyone seemed to be on the same schedule, which means that there was one day when everyone seemed to have time for everybody else.
Sunday as a day of rest is, or was, so deeply rooted in the culture that it’s surprising to consider that, in a short span of time, it has almost entirely lost this association. In my childhood, it was assumed that everyone would either be home or visiting someone else’s home on Sunday.
But now the question is, “What do you plan to DO this Sunday?” The answer can range from going to the mall to participating in a road race to jetting to Montreal for lunch. If one were to respond, “I’m making a Sunday visit to family,” such an answer would feel sepia-toned, an echo from another era.
I suppose I should be grateful to live in Maine, a state of small towns, abundant land and tight relationships. Even though folks work as hard here as they do anywhere else, the state’s powerfully rural cast(特质)still harbors at least remnants of the ethic of yesterday’s America, where people had to depend on one another in the face of economic vagaries(反复无常的情况)and a challenging environment. The writer’s general impression of the Sunday in the past was a day when _______.
A.everyone was paying a visit to some relative far away |
B.everyone seemed to be free and could have some leisure |
C.Dad was not at work while Mom was busy cleaning the house |
D.nearly every adult would go to church and children were not at school |
In the fourth paragraph, the writer compares the response “I’m making a Sunday visit to family” to an echo from another era because _______.
A.people nowadays prefer staying at home on Sunday |
B.such answers are rarely heard in our modern society |
C.people in the city dislike being disturbed on Sunday |
D.visiting someone on Sunday might take a lot of time |
From the last paragraph we may infer that _______.
A.people in Maine suffer more from economic depression and the changed environment |
B.people in Maine has abandoned their tradition and lived an absolute new life |
C.land in Maine is short, thus the relationship between people is tense |
D.people in Maine always help each other when they are in need |
.Which word we may use to describe the writer’s attitude towards the Sunday today?
A.Unsatisfied. | B.Anxious. | C.Treasured. | D.Teased. |
On Nov.18th, 1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Augusta Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.
Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to change its weight. It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.
After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 meters, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand, but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.
At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed up to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 meters! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometers from London!The metal box was used for ________.
A.carrying the bags of sand |
B.keeping drinking-water |
C.carrying ropes of the basket |
D.changing weight |
The balloon landed ________.
A.in London | B.on the sea |
C.on a lake | D.in a foreign country |
Which of the following is NOT true?
A.The three men started their journey before the sun rose. |
B.The balloon began to go up when they threw bags of sand out of the basket. |
C.When they pulled the box into the basket, the balloon began to climb up. |
D.The three men had to land because they felt cold. |
Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins. The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______.
A.help the Javanese with their illness |
B.find ways to grow better crops |
C.do some research about the island |
D.spend his holiday |
Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens?
A.To eat them. |
B.To make money by selling them. |
C.To give the Javanese a surprise. |
D.To carry out his experiments. |
If a person doesn’t get enough vitamins in his diet, he’d better ______.
A.eat more rice | B.eat vitamin pills |
C.eat some chicken | D.eat more meat |
We can learn from the passage that ______.
A.Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful |
B.the Javanese didn’t like vitamins |
C.beri-beri was caused by chickens |
D.the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ |
You can't always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That's why he created Lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain-sensing umbrella.
The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷)built into a street lamp,” he said.
The Lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand. Sensors(传感器)then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians(行人)shelter whenever it starts raining.
In addition to the rain sensor, there's also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.
According to the designer, the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike. Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed(安装) at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.
While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production, Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department, and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?
A.To protect people from the rain. |
B.To predict a heavy rain. |
C.To check the weather forecast. |
D.To remind people to take an umbrella. |
What do we know from Belyaev's words in Paragraph 2?
A.It rains a lot in the city of Saint Petersburg. |
B.His creation was inspired by an experience. |
C.Street lamps are protected by canopies. |
D.He enjoyed taking walks in the rain. |
What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?
A.Its moving speed. | B.Its appearance. |
C.Its safety. | D.Its installation. |
What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.The designer will open a company to promote his product. |
B.The Lampbrella could be put into immediate production. |
C.The designer is confident that his creation is practical. |
D.The Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow. |
When Christopher Columbus landed on the then unnamed Costa Rica in 1502, he saw many Indians wearing gold earrings. So he thought the land must be rich in gold. He named the place Costa Rica, which means “rich coast” in Spanish.
Though little gold was found, Costa Rica today is indeed rich with coffee and bananas. Coffee is the most important product in Costa Rica and most of it is exported to other countries like America and West Germany. Bananas are the country’s second most important export. Costa Ricans also grow many other crops such as fruits, corn and beans for their own use. Costa Ricans love colors and their houses are painted in bright colors.
Education is very important to the Costa Ricans. Almost every village has a school and education is a must for children between seven and fourteen years of age. Boys and girls go to separate schools. Classes begin in March and end in November. The other three months of the year are harvest time and the children have to help their parents to pick coffee beans.What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A.How Columbus found Costa Rica. |
B.How Costa Rica got its name. |
C.What the Costa Ricans wore. |
D.What language the Costa Ricans spoke. |
The Costa Ricans may NOT paint their houses ______.
A.pink and red | B.yellow and orange |
C.blue and green | D.grey and black |
In Costa Rica, boys and girls between seven and fourteen ______.
A.can choose to stop schooling at any time |
B.study in the same school |
C.do not have to go to school at all |
D.must go to school |
From December to February, school children in Costa Rica ______.
A.help their parents pick coffee beans |
B.have their examinations |
C.have lessons every day |
D.help their parents decorate their houses |
For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.
Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants(污染物)can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution.
People have paid more attention to the problem now. It is true that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy.To do this they build buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases.
As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building—green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant’s leaves absorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and more healthy place.Generally speaking, indoor air pollution may be more harmful than the air outside because _.
A.indoor air pollution can often make people seriously ill |
B.there may be more harmful gases outside the buildings |
C.man-made building materials give off dangerous gases |
D.the air indoors is polluted, which is very harmful |
Some kind of indoor pollution can be found in _______.
A.every old house | B.every modern house |
C.all kinds of houses | D.all kinds of offices |
The indoor air pollution is caused by ______.
A.the man-made building materials and the limit of air-flow |
B.the building way that the builders want to save energy |
C.the building things that are made of man-made materials |
D.the limit of the flow of air between inside and outside |
The reason why we should use different kinds of plants to clean the air is that ______.
A.plants can let out all kinds of pollutants indoors |
B.plants may take in more oxygen which people need |
C.plants can make our houses prettier and more healthy |
D.plants can absorb all kinds of harmful indoor chemicals |