阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
B
Two experts did some experiments on two groups of people — one who tended to sleep less than the
people around them and the other group more.
According to their report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men automatically began to cut down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these “short sleepers” appeared with ambition, active, energetic, cheerful, and conformist (不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or even worked full time while going to school. And many of them 
had a strong urge to appear “acceptable” or “outstanding” to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering them. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The experts also stated that those “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. They reported that those men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were a bit concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than the “short sleepers did.
Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly express it that being asleep was a good escape from their daily problems.
All in all, proper time of sleeping should be admired, not too long, neither too short. According to the report, ______.
| A．many “short sleepers” need less sleep just by nature |
| B．many “short sleepers” are obliged to reduce sleep time by work |
| C．long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day |
| D．many “long sleepers” formed sleeping habit during childhood |
Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that ______.
| A．sleep is a very efficient escape from the reality |
| B．sleep is just an item which should be denied by them |
| C．sleep might be a disturbing thing for their daily business |
| D．sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles |
It is stated in the forth paragraph that “short sleepers” ______.
| A．are ideally energetic under the pressures of life |
| B．often ignore the ill effect of not enough sleep |
C．do not know how to re lax themselves p roperly |
| D．are more unlikely to run into mental problems |
Which of the following is nearest to the meaning of “… were a bit concerned” in the fifth Para?
| A．appeared troubled | B．became energetic |
| C．felt dissatisfied | D．were much depressed |
Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?
| A．If one sleeps improperly, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened |
| B．The sleep patterns of short sleepers are the same as those shown by “long sleepers” |
| C．Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep |
| D．Short sleepers may have been better off if they have more rest |
President Obama's plan to improve former president George W. Bush's No Child Left Behind program is an improvement on a good thing. But it doesn't go far enough.
Obama outlined a goal that by 2020, all grade school and high school students are on a path toward college.
However, what we need is a practical plan that not only requires all high school graduates to take at least two years of college but also makes it financially possible for them to do so. We've provided a free public education through the 12th grade. If we're going to keep up—or catch up——with some other countries (like China) in preparing young people for careers, a 12-year education programme no longer is enough.
About 3 million students across the US will graduate from high school this spring. But only 2 million will go on to college, according to a survey by the National Centre for Education Statistics (NCFES). For the more than 1 million who won't go on, money is a main reason. If tuition(学费) were free, about half of them could make up other costs from family or part-time jobs.
Critics (批评家) of free college tuition will say we can't afford it because of the federal deficit (联邦赤字) and other rising costs. Let's see some government spending in detail:
In the last nearly 10 years, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have cost us $ 1,000 billion. Federal money which was spent on public primary and secondary education in the last year for which figures are available was $ 47 billion. If we end costly and unnecessary wars and nation-building efforts abroad, the federal government could provide more money on public education, for which state and governments now carry most of the burden.What's the program No Child Left Behind about this year?
All children being taken good care of by the government.
All grade school and high school students receiving college education.
No child being left alone at home.
All children having good jobs in the future.The author probably agrees that President Obama's plan ________.
has nothing to do with George W. Bush's program.
will surely succeed in ten years
is about 12-year education for all the children
doesn't contain practical measures(措施) to achieve its goal If tuition were not paid for, about ________ American students could afford college education.
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What can we learn from the passage?
The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan were necessary.
The federal government has enough money for the plan.
Critics of free tuition think highly of the plan.
Obama's plan might be difficult to carry out.
Do’s and Don’ts in Whale Watching
The Department of Fisheries and Oceans has developed guidelines for whale watching in Johnstone Strait,where killer whales are found on a daily basis each summer.It is strongly recommended that vessel(船只)operators follow these guidelines for all kinds of whales.
Approach whales from the side,not from the front or the back.
Approach no closer than 100 metres,then stop the boat but keep the engine on.
Keep noise levels down-no horns,whistles or racing of engines.
Start your boat only after the whales are more than 100 metres from your vessel.
Leave the area slowly,gradually moving faster when you are more than 300 metres from the whales.
Approach and leave slowly,avoiding sudden changes in speed or direction.
Avoid disturbing groups of resting whales.
Keep at low speeds and remain in the same direction if travelling side by side with whales.
When whales are travelling close to shore,avoid crowding them near the shore or coming between the whales and the shore.
Limit the time spent with any group of whales to less than 30 minutes at a time when within 100 to 200 metres of whales.
If there is more than one vessel at the same observation spot,be sure to avoid any boat position that would result in surrounding the whales.
Work together by communicating with other vessels,and make sure that all operators are aware of the whale watching guidelines.For whom is this text written?
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When leaving the observation areas, the vessel should ________________.
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When going side by side with whales, the vessel should ________.
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Growing up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cooking with his stay-at-home dad when he was seven. His food-loving family had two kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way to bake his cakes. Lieberman improved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abroad before college, learning from a cook in Italy and studying local specialties(特色菜) in Germany, Spain, and France.
At Yale, he was known for throwing dinner parties, single-handedly frying and baking while mixing drinks for dozens of friends. Just for fun, he and some friends decided to tape a show named campus cuisine about his cooking. Lieberman was a real college student showing his classmates how to do things like making drinks out of dining-hall fruit. That helped the show become very popular among the students. They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking. Tapes of the show were passed around, with which his name went beyond the school and finally to the Food Network.
Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Lieberman’s charisma is key. “Food TV isn’t about food anymore,” says Flay. “It’s about your personality and finding a way to keep people’s eyeballs on your show.”
But Lieberman isn’t putting all his eggs in one basket. After taping the first season of the new show, Lieberman was back in his own small kitchen preparing sandwiches. An airline company was looking for someone to come up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easy- to-make menu to serve on its flights. Lieberman got the job. We can learn from the text that Lieberman’s family_______.
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The Food Network got to know Lieberman_________
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What does the word “charisma” underlined in the text refer to?
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Why did the airline company give Lieberman the job?
| A．He could prepare meals in a small kitchen. |
| B．He was famous for his shows on Food TV. |
| C．He was good at using eggs to make sandwiches. |
| D．He could cook cheap, delicious and simple meals |
Footracing(竞走)is a popular activity in the United States．It is not only seen as a competitive sport，but also as a way to exercise，and to donate(捐赠)moneyto a good cause．Though serious runners may spend months training to compete，other runners and walkers might not train at a11．Those not competing to win might run in an effort to beat their own time，or simply to enjoy the fun and exercise．People of all ages, from those less than one year old to those in their 80s, enter into this sport．The races are held on city streets，on college campuses，through parks，and in suburban areas，and commonly 5 to 1 0 kilometers in length．
The largest footrace in the world is the 1 2-kilometer Bay to Breakers race that is held in San Francisco every spring．This race begins on the east side of the city near San Francisco Bay and ends on the west side at the Pacific Ocean．In 1 993 there were 80，000 people running in this race through the streets and hills of San Francisco．In the front are the serious runners who compete to win，and who might finish in as little as 34 minutes．Behind them are the thousands who take several hours to finish．In the back of the race are those who wear costumes just for fun．In 1 993 there was a group of men all of whom dressed up like Elvis Priestly．There was a group of firefighters who were all tied in a long line and were carrying a fire—hose(水龙带)．One year there was a wedding party in which the bride dressed in a long white gown(长袍)and the groom wore a tuxedo(晚礼服)．They threw flowers to by-standers，and were actually married at some point along the route．The main purpose of this text is to__________．
| A．describe a popular activity |
| B．encourage people to exercise |
| C．make fun of runners in costume |
| D．give reasons for the popularity of footraces |
Which of the following is implied by the author?
| A．Walkers don’t compete for prizes． |
| B．Footraces appeal to a variety of people． |
| C．Entering a race is a way to make friends． |
| D．Running is a good way to strengthen the heart． |
The underlined words “to a good cause” in the first paragraph could best be replaced by ___________.
| A．for a good reason | B．to support a sound principle |
| C．for a good purpose | D．to protect an excellent player |
Crosstalk(相声)，a traditional form of comic storytelling，is making a comeback in China’s tea houses and theaters．
Audiences can laugh the night away every Saturday at the Qianxiangyi Teahouse in Tianjin，entertained by the apprentices(学徒)of Hou Baolin，Ma Sanli or Yin Shoushan—all leading crosstalk artists of years past—for only 20 yuan($2．40)．
The success in Tianjin has also caused the rejuvenation(复活) of crosstalk in Beijing and other places．
Although the art form originated in Beijing in the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911)，Tianjin became a place where rising stars formed their styles and new pieces were tried out．The city was well—known nationwide for the quality of its crosstalk performances．
Known in Chinese as xiangsheng(1iterally，“face and voice”)，crosstalk was the predominant(支配的)form of comedy throughout most of the 20th century．In the old days in Tianjin and elsewhere，temple fairs and markets were the main places for crosstalkers to perform，although they occasionally also appeared in teahouses or theaters．
Crosstalk pieces draw on every aspect of Chinese culture，from history and folk tales to social issues of the time．Although there’re hundreds of traditional pieces，they’re constantly rewritten to suit the times and the audience, while new works are written as well．It’s one of the features that have made crosstalk a
public art form throughout its history．
“Crosstalk was in the doldrums(萎靡不振)with competition from other art forms，especially TV，”said Wang Xiaochun，headmaster of the Northern Storytelling Arts School of China(NSAS)．“But it has regained its status with crosstalk fans，especially young people，growing aware of its rare qualities．”
“More and more students are coming to NSAS to study crosstalk，including some girl students，”said Wang, “They’re sure that crosstalk will have a strong market.”Crosstalk means“__________ ”in Chinese．
| A．storytelling | B．face and voice | C．folk tale | D．dialogue |
According to the text, crosstalk is so popular throughout its history because____________．
| A．it is constantly changed and renewed | B．it is often performed at temple fairs |
| C．it is different from other arts | D．it is comic and humourous |
Crosstalk makes a comeback mainly because__________．
| A．it is a popular traditional art after all |
| B．the pieces contain some famous folk tales |
| C．the crosstalkers make it return to teahouses |
| D．the pieces are made to suit the times and the audience |
We can learn that the future of crosstalk first lies in ____________．
| A．setting up more storytelling art schools | B．beating TV and other arts |
| C．young people’s awareness of its value | D．a strong market |